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Difference between revisions of "Stormwater infiltration BMPs - contributing drainage area"

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<th>Recommended contributing area</th>
 
<th>Recommended contributing area</th>
 
<th>Notes</th>
 
<th>Notes</th>
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<th>References</th>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
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<td>50 acres or less</td>
 
<td>50 acres or less</td>
 
<td>A natural or constructed impoundment that captures, temporarily stores and infiltrates the design volume of water into the surrounding naturally permeable soil over several days. In the case of a constructed basin, the impoundment is created by excavation or embankment.</td>  
 
<td>A natural or constructed impoundment that captures, temporarily stores and infiltrates the design volume of water into the surrounding naturally permeable soil over several days. In the case of a constructed basin, the impoundment is created by excavation or embankment.</td>  
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<td>[http://www.vwrrc.vt.edu/swc/april_22_2010_update/DCR_BMP_Spec_No_8_INFILTRATION_Final_Draft_v1-8_04132010.htm], [https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/energy-mineral-land-resources/energy-mineral-land-permit-guidance/stormwater-bmp-manual], [www.dep.wv.gov/WWE/Programs/stormwater/MS4/Pages/StormwaterManagementDesignandGuidanceManual.aspx], [http://www.maine.gov/dep/land/stormwater/stormwaterbmps/], [http://tahoebmp.org/bmphandbook.aspx], [http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2721&q=325704], [http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/massdep/water/regulations/massachusetts-stormwater-handbook.html], [http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/29072.html], [http://dnr.wi.gov/topic/stormwater/documents/StormwaterManual2-TechnicalDesign.pdf], [http://dec.vermont.gov/sites/dec/files/wsm/stormwater/docs/Resources/sw_manual-vol1.pdf], [http://des.nh.gov/organization/divisions/water/stormwater/manual.htm], [https://www.ontario.ca/document/stormwater-management-planning-and-design-manual], [http://www.elibrary.dep.state.pa.us/dsweb/View/Collection-8305]<br>
 
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Link to this [[Stormwater infiltration BMPs - overview|table]]
 
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<table class="sortable">
 
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<tr>
 
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<th>Stormwater BMP</th>
 
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<th>General Overview</th>
 
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<th>Illustration</th>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Infiltration Basin</td>
 
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<td>A natural or constructed impoundment that captures, temporarily stores and infiltrates the design volume of water into the surrounding naturally permeable soil over several days. In the case of a constructed basin, the impoundment is created by excavation or embankment.</td>
 
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<td>[[File:Infiltration basin icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Bioinfiltration Basin</td>
 
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<td>Often called rain gardens, bioinfiltration basins use engineered or mixed soils and plantings to capture and infiltrate runoff. Pollutants are removed using highly permeable soils that are able to draw the basin down in less than 48 hours. </td>
 
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<td>[[File:Bioinfiltration icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Infiltration Trench
 
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Synonym: Infiltration Gallery</td>
 
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<td>A shallow excavated trench that is backfilled with a coarse stone aggregate allowing for the temporary storage of runoff in the void space of the material. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil.</td>
 
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<td>[[File:Infiltration trench icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Dry Well
 
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Synonym: Infiltration Tube, French Drain, Soak‐Away Pits, Soak Holes</td>
 
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<td>A smaller variation of an infiltration trench. It is a subsurface storage facility (a structural chamber or an excavated pit backfilled with a coarse stone aggregate) that receives and temporarily stores stormwater runoff. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil. Due to their size, dry wells are typically designed to handle stormwater runoff from smaller drainage areas.</td>
 
−
<td>[[file:Dry well icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Underground Infiltration</td>
 
−
<td>Several underground infiltration systems, including pre‐manufactured pipes, vaults, and modular structures, have been developed as alternatives to infiltration basins and trenches for space‐limited sites and stormwater retrofit applications. These systems are similar to infiltration basins and trenches in that they are designed to capture, temporarily store and infiltrate the design volume of stormwater over several days. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil.</td>
 
−
<td>[[File:Underground infiltration icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Dry Swale with Check Dams</td>
 
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<td>Similar to vegetated swales designed for stormwater conveyance, dry swales with check dams are designed as linear, multi‐celled stormwater infiltration BMPs. By incorporating earthen, structural or rock check dams, runoff is retained and infiltrated along a series of narrow, shallow basins or cells. Coarse vegetation such as decorative plantings or even turf grass slow runoff movement. This system is designed to move, store, and infiltrate runoff from impervious surfaces such as linear roadways or parking lots.</td>
 
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<td>[[File:Swale check icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Permeable Pavement</td>
 
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<td>Permeable pavements are paving surfaces that allow stormwater runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for infiltration and/or storage. The most commonly used permeable pavement surfaces are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP). all permeable pavements have a similar structure, consisting of a surface pavement layer, an underlying stone aggregate reservoir layer, optional
 
−
underdrains and geotextile over uncompacted soil subgrade. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally  permeable soil.</td>
 
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<td>[[file:Permeable pavement icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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<tr>
 
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<td>Tree Trench/Tree Box</td>
 
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<td>A system of trees that are connected by an underground infiltration structure. The system consists of a trench lined with geotextile fabric with structural stone, gravel or soil boxes in which the trees are placed.  Tree systems consist of an engineered soil layer designed to treat stormwater runoff via filtration through plant and soil media, and through evapotranspiration from trees. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil..</td>
 
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<td>[[File:Tree trench icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
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</tr>
 
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</table></td>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Bioinfiltration Basin</td>
 
<td>Bioinfiltration Basin</td>
−
<td>Often called rain gardens, bioinfiltration basins use engineered or mixed soils and plantings to capture and infiltrate runoff. Pollutants are removed using highly permeable soils that are able to draw the basin down in less than 48 hours. </td>
+
<td>5 acres or less</td>
−
<td>[[File:Bioinfiltration icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
+
<td>Bioinfiltration basins must meet the required 48 hour drawdown time and must be sized in order to allow for adequate maintenance. It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that bioinfiltration basins be designed to prevent high levels of bounce as submerging vegetation may inhibit plant growth. A maximum wet storage depth of 1.5 feet is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED.</td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Infiltration Trench
 
<td>Infiltration Trench
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Synonym: Infiltration Gallery</td>
+
<td>5 acres or less</td>
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<td>A shallow excavated trench that is backfilled with a coarse stone aggregate allowing for the temporary storage of runoff in the void space of the material. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil.</td>  
+
<td></td>
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<td>[[File:Infiltration trench icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Dry Well  
 
<td>Dry Well  
 
Synonym: Infiltration Tube, French Drain, Soak‐Away Pits, Soak Holes</td>
 
Synonym: Infiltration Tube, French Drain, Soak‐Away Pits, Soak Holes</td>
−
<td>A smaller variation of an infiltration trench. It is a subsurface storage facility (a structural chamber or an excavated pit backfilled with a coarse stone aggregate) that receives and temporarily stores stormwater runoff. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil. Due to their size, dry wells are typically designed to handle stormwater runoff from smaller drainage areas.</td>
+
<td>1 acre or less (rooftop only)</td>
−
<td>[[file:Dry well icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
+
<td></td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Underground Infiltration</td>
 
<td>Underground Infiltration</td>
−
<td>Several underground infiltration systems, including pre‐manufactured pipes, vaults, and modular structures, have been developed as alternatives to infiltration basins and trenches for space‐limited sites and stormwater retrofit applications. These systems are similar to infiltration basins and trenches in that they are designed to capture, temporarily store and infiltrate the design volume of stormwater over several days. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil.</td>
+
<td>10 acres or less</td>
−
<td>[[File:Underground infiltration icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
+
<td>Though feasible, larger underground infiltration systems may cause groundwater contamination as water is not able to infiltrate through a surface cover. In addition, wind flocculation, UV degradation, and bacterial degradation, which provide additional treatment in surface systems, do not occur in underground systems. Because performance research is lacking for larger features, it is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that the contributing drainage area to a single device not exceed 10 acres.</td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Dry Swale with Check Dams</td>
 
<td>Dry Swale with Check Dams</td>
−
<td>Similar to vegetated swales designed for stormwater conveyance, dry swales with check dams are designed as linear, multi‐celled stormwater infiltration BMPs. By incorporating earthen, structural or rock check dams, runoff is retained and infiltrated along a series of narrow, shallow basins or cells. Coarse vegetation such as decorative plantings or even turf grass slow runoff movement. This system is designed to move, store, and infiltrate runoff from impervious surfaces such as linear roadways or parking lots.</td>
+
<td>5 acres or less</td>
−
<td>[[File:Swale check icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
+
<td></td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Permeable Pavement</td>
 
<td>Permeable Pavement</td>
−
<td>Permeable pavements are paving surfaces that allow stormwater runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for infiltration and/or storage. The most commonly used permeable pavement surfaces are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP). all permeable pavements have a similar structure, consisting of a surface pavement layer, an underlying stone aggregate reservoir layer, optional
+
<td>It is RECOMMENDED that external contributing drainage area not exceed the surface area of the permeable pavement. It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that external contributing drainage area not exceed twice the surface area of the permeable pavement</td>
−
underdrains and geotextile over uncompacted soil subgrade. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally  permeable soil.</td>
+
<td>It is RECOMMENDED that external drainage area be as close to 100% impervious as possible. Field experience has shown that drainage area (pervious or impervious) can contribute particulates to the permeable pavement and lead to clogging. Therefore, sediment source control and/or pretreatment should be used to control sediment run-on to the permeable pavement section.</td>
−
<td>[[file:Permeable pavement icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Tree Trench/Tree Box</td>
 
<td>Tree Trench/Tree Box</td>
−
<td>A system of trees that are connected by an underground infiltration structure. The system consists of a trench lined with geotextile fabric with structural stone, gravel or soil boxes in which the trees are placed.  Tree systems consist of an engineered soil layer designed to treat stormwater runoff via filtration through plant and soil media, and through evapotranspiration from trees. Discharge of this stored runoff occurs through infiltration into the surrounding naturally permeable soil..</td>
+
<td>up to 0.25 acres per tree</td>
−
<td>[[File:Tree trench icon.png|center|100px]]</td>
+
<td></td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
</table>
 
</table>
 +
<font size =1>References: [https://swbmpvwrrc.wp.prod.es.cloud.vt.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/BMP-Spec-No-8_INFILTRATION_v1-9_03012011.pdf Virginia], [https://deq.nc.gov/about/divisions/energy-mineral-land-resources/energy-mineral-land-permit-guidance/stormwater-bmp-manual North Carolina], [http://www.dep.wv.gov/WWE/Programs/stormwater/MS4/Pages/StormwaterManagementDesignandGuidanceManual.aspx West Virginia], [http://www.maine.gov/dep/land/stormwater/stormwaterbmps/ Maine], [http://tahoebmp.org/bmphandbook.aspx Lake Tahoe], [http://www.ct.gov/deep/cwp/view.asp?a=2721&q=325704 Connecticut], [http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/massdep/water/regulations/massachusetts-stormwater-handbook.html Massachusetts], [http://www.dec.ny.gov/chemical/29072.html New York], [https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/Stormwater/standards/postconst_standards.html Wisconsin], [http://dec.vermont.gov/sites/dec/files/wsm/stormwater/docs/Resources/sw_manual-vol1.pdf Vermont], [https://www.des.nh.gov/sites/g/files/ehbemt341/files/documents/2020-01/wd-08-20b.pdf New Hampshire], [https://www.ontario.ca/document/stormwater-management-planning-and-design-manual Ontario], [http://www.elibrary.dep.state.pa.us/dsweb/View/Collection-8305 Pennsylvania]
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</font size>
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<noinclude>
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[[Category:Level 3 - General information, reference, tables, images, and archives/Tables/Infiltration basin, trench, underground infiltration]]
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</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 17:48, 4 August 2022

Stormwater infiltration BMPs - contributing drainage area
Link to this table

Stormwater BMP Recommended contributing area Notes
Infiltration Basin 50 acres or less A natural or constructed impoundment that captures, temporarily stores and infiltrates the design volume of water into the surrounding naturally permeable soil over several days. In the case of a constructed basin, the impoundment is created by excavation or embankment.
Bioinfiltration Basin 5 acres or less Bioinfiltration basins must meet the required 48 hour drawdown time and must be sized in order to allow for adequate maintenance. It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that bioinfiltration basins be designed to prevent high levels of bounce as submerging vegetation may inhibit plant growth. A maximum wet storage depth of 1.5 feet is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED.
Infiltration Trench 5 acres or less
Dry Well Synonym: Infiltration Tube, French Drain, Soak‐Away Pits, Soak Holes 1 acre or less (rooftop only)
Underground Infiltration 10 acres or less Though feasible, larger underground infiltration systems may cause groundwater contamination as water is not able to infiltrate through a surface cover. In addition, wind flocculation, UV degradation, and bacterial degradation, which provide additional treatment in surface systems, do not occur in underground systems. Because performance research is lacking for larger features, it is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that the contributing drainage area to a single device not exceed 10 acres.
Dry Swale with Check Dams 5 acres or less
Permeable Pavement It is RECOMMENDED that external contributing drainage area not exceed the surface area of the permeable pavement. It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that external contributing drainage area not exceed twice the surface area of the permeable pavement It is RECOMMENDED that external drainage area be as close to 100% impervious as possible. Field experience has shown that drainage area (pervious or impervious) can contribute particulates to the permeable pavement and lead to clogging. Therefore, sediment source control and/or pretreatment should be used to control sediment run-on to the permeable pavement section.
Tree Trench/Tree Box up to 0.25 acres per tree

References: Virginia, North Carolina, West Virginia, Maine, Lake Tahoe, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New York, Wisconsin, Vermont, New Hampshire, Ontario, Pennsylvania

Retrieved from "https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_infiltration_BMPs_-_contributing_drainage_area&oldid=60772"

This page was last edited on 4 August 2022, at 17:48.