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− | + | <font size=3>'''Summary of treatment practices used in stormwater harvest and use systems'''</font size><br> | |
− | + | Link to this [[Summary of treatment practices used in stormwater harvest and use systems|table]] | |
− | Link to this [[Summary of treatment practices used in stormwater harvest and use systems|table]] | ||
<table class="sortable"> | <table class="sortable"> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th>Treatment Method</th> | <th>Treatment Method</th> | ||
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<th>Location in System</th> | <th>Location in System</th> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th colspan=3>Pre-storage and in-storage treatment</th> | <th colspan=3>Pre-storage and in-storage treatment</th> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Filtration/Biofiltration</td> | <td>Filtration/Biofiltration</td> | ||
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<td>Before storage</td> | <td>Before storage</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Grassed Swale</td> | <td>Grassed Swale</td> | ||
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<td>Before sedimentation</td> | <td>Before sedimentation</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Leaf Screens and Strainers<sup>1</sup></td> | <td>Leaf Screens and Strainers<sup>1</sup></td> | ||
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<td>Gutters and downspouts (before sedimentation)</td> | <td>Gutters and downspouts (before sedimentation)</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Vortex Filters</td> | <td>Vortex Filters</td> | ||
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<td>Before storage and connected to smoothing inlet in tank.</td> | <td>Before storage and connected to smoothing inlet in tank.</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Screens</td> | <td>Screens</td> | ||
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<td>Before sedimentation</td> | <td>Before sedimentation</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Settling Basin/Sedimentation<sup>1</sup></td> | <td>Settling Basin/Sedimentation<sup>1</sup></td> | ||
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<td>Before or during storage</td> | <td>Before or during storage</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Smoothing Inlet</td> | <td>Smoothing Inlet</td> | ||
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<td>In tank</td> | <td>In tank</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Floating Filter</td> | <td>Floating Filter</td> | ||
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<td>In tank</td> | <td>In tank</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Skimming Overflow Siphon and Trap</td> | <td>Skimming Overflow Siphon and Trap</td> | ||
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<td>In tank</td> | <td>In tank</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Aeration Unit</td> | <td>Aeration Unit</td> | ||
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<td>In tank or can be set up in a venture injection application.</td> | <td>In tank or can be set up in a venture injection application.</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
− | + | <tr> | |
+ | <td></td> | ||
+ | <td></td> | ||
+ | <td></td> | ||
+ | </tr> | ||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<th colspan=3>Post-storage treatment</th> | <th colspan=3>Post-storage treatment</th> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Activated Charcoal<sup>1</sup></td> | <td>Activated Charcoal<sup>1</sup></td> | ||
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<td>After sediment filtration, before use and before or after UV filter</td> | <td>After sediment filtration, before use and before or after UV filter</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Boiling/distilling<sup>1</sup></td> | <td>Boiling/distilling<sup>1</sup></td> | ||
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<td>Before use</td> | <td>Before use</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
− | <td>Chemical treatments (chlorine) <sup>1</sup></td> | + | <td>Chemical treatments (chlorine) <sup>1, a</sup></td> |
<td>Kill microorganisms</td> | <td>Kill microorganisms</td> | ||
<td>During storage or at distribution. Most commonly injected post filtration at point of distribution or in day tank. Should not be required in tank if adequate prefiltration is implemented</td> | <td>During storage or at distribution. Most commonly injected post filtration at point of distribution or in day tank. Should not be required in tank if adequate prefiltration is implemented</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Electrodialysis<sup>2</sup></td> | <td>Electrodialysis<sup>2</sup></td> | ||
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</td> | </td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>In-line filters</td> | <td>In-line filters</td> | ||
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<td>Between storage and end use and prior to UV treatment. Recommend 1 micron to meet current indoor water quality criteria of less than 1 ntu or sample the water and send to the UV manufacturer. </td> | <td>Between storage and end use and prior to UV treatment. Recommend 1 micron to meet current indoor water quality criteria of less than 1 ntu or sample the water and send to the UV manufacturer. </td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Microfiltration<sup>2</sup></td> | <td>Microfiltration<sup>2</sup></td> | ||
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<td>Between storage and end use</td> | <td>Between storage and end use</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Ultrafiltration</td> | <td>Ultrafiltration</td> | ||
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<td>Between storage and end use</td> | <td>Between storage and end use</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Nano-filtration<sup>2</sup></td> | <td>Nano-filtration<sup>2</sup></td> | ||
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<td>Between storage and end use</td> | <td>Between storage and end use</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Reverse Osmosis<sup>2</sup></td> | <td>Reverse Osmosis<sup>2</sup></td> | ||
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<td>Between storage and end use</td> | <td>Between storage and end use</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Sand filtration</td> | <td>Sand filtration</td> | ||
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<td>Between storage and end use</td> | <td>Between storage and end use</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
− | <td> | + | <td>Ozonization<sup>b</sup></td> |
<td>Inactivate microorganisms</td> | <td>Inactivate microorganisms</td> | ||
<td>Before use typically applied through a venture and injected into the tank or a smaller contact tank. </td> | <td>Before use typically applied through a venture and injected into the tank or a smaller contact tank. </td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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<tr> | <tr> | ||
− | <td>Ultraviolet | + | <td>Ultraviolet Disinfection<sup>b</sup></td> |
<td>Inactivate microorganisms</td> | <td>Inactivate microorganisms</td> | ||
<td>Before use</td> | <td>Before use</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
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</table> | </table> | ||
− | <sup> | + | <font size=1><sup>1</sup>Georgia DCA, 2009<br> |
− | <sup> | + | <sup>2</sup>Met Council, 2011<br> |
− | <sup> | + | <sup>a</sup>Before activated charcoal (if included)<br> |
− | <sup> | + | <sup>b</sup>After activated charcoal (if included). Refer to specific UV and carbon filter manufacturer for guidance,br> |
− | <sup> | + | <sup>3</sup> VA Rainwater Harvesting Manual, Cabell Brand center, 2009</font size> |
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− | [[ | + | <noinclude> |
+ | [[Category:Level 3 - General information, reference, tables, images, and archives/Tables/Harvest and reuse]] | ||
+ | </noinclude> |
Summary of treatment practices used in stormwater harvest and use systems
Link to this table
Treatment Method | Primary Purpose | Location in System |
---|---|---|
Pre-storage and in-storage treatment | ||
Filtration/Biofiltration | Reduce particulates and nutrients | Before storage |
Grassed Swale | Reduce particulates | Before sedimentation |
Leaf Screens and Strainers1 | Remove organic solids | Gutters and downspouts (before sedimentation) |
Vortex Filters | Remove organic and gross solids, particulates and debris down to 280 microns. | Before storage and connected to smoothing inlet in tank. |
Screens | Reduce gross solids | Before sedimentation |
Settling Basin/Sedimentation1 | Remove particulates | Before or during storage |
Smoothing Inlet | Prevents the resuspension of settled solids and introduces oxygen to the tank to enhance aerobic conditions | In tank |
Floating Filter | Filter particulates before water enters a submersible pump (protects pump) | In tank |
Skimming Overflow Siphon and Trap | Remove floating debris, (e.g. pollen) and creates a water trap to prevent animals and downstream odors from entering the tank. | In tank |
Aeration Unit | Used to introduce oxygen to tank which aids in the formation of aerobic beneficial bacteria that have been shown to reduce nutrient and metals concentrations. | In tank or can be set up in a venture injection application. |
Post-storage treatment | ||
Activated Charcoal1 | Remove chlorine, reduce odor, remove organics | After sediment filtration, before use and before or after UV filter |
Boiling/distilling1 | Kill microorganisms | Before use |
Chemical treatments (chlorine) 1, a | Kill microorganisms | During storage or at distribution. Most commonly injected post filtration at point of distribution or in day tank. Should not be required in tank if adequate prefiltration is implemented |
Electrodialysis2 | Remove dissolved ions (salts) | Between storage and end use
Not required in rainwater systems |
In-line filters | Removes sediment, reduces turbidity, increases ultraviolet treatment | Between storage and end use and prior to UV treatment. Recommend 1 micron to meet current indoor water quality criteria of less than 1 ntu or sample the water and send to the UV manufacturer. |
Microfiltration2 | Remove suspended solids and microorganisms | Between storage and end use |
Ultrafiltration | Remove suspended solids,organics | Between storage and end use |
Nano-filtration2 | Remove multivalent ions, organics microorganisms, viruses and proteins | Between storage and end use |
Reverse Osmosis2 | Remove monovalent ions, organics, microorganisms and viruses. May remove beneficial nutrients and produce highly corrosive water that needs to be reconditioned. | Between storage and end use |
Sand filtration | Between storage and end use | |
Ozonizationb | Inactivate microorganisms | Before use typically applied through a venture and injected into the tank or a smaller contact tank. |
Ultraviolet Disinfectionb | Inactivate microorganisms | Before use |
1Georgia DCA, 2009
2Met Council, 2011
aBefore activated charcoal (if included)
bAfter activated charcoal (if included). Refer to specific UV and carbon filter manufacturer for guidance,br>
3 VA Rainwater Harvesting Manual, Cabell Brand center, 2009
This page was last edited on 3 August 2022, at 20:16.