Difference between revisions of "Phosphorus"
(Created page with "thumb|300px|alt=image of eutrophication|<font size=3>Photo of a eutrophic lake, a result of excessive phosphorus loading.</font size> File:...") |
|||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[file:Eutrophication image.jpg|thumb|300px|alt=image of eutrophication|<font size=3>Photo of a eutrophic lake, a result of excessive phosphorus loading.</font size>]] | [[file:Eutrophication image.jpg|thumb|300px|alt=image of eutrophication|<font size=3>Photo of a eutrophic lake, a result of excessive phosphorus loading.</font size>]] | ||
| − | [[File:Phosphorus impairments.png|300px|thumb | + | [[File:Phosphorus impairments.png|300px|thumb|alt=map of phosphorus impairments|<font size=3>Map showing lakes (blue) and streams (red) impaired for eutrophication (phosphorus) or proposed for inclusion on the impaired waters list.</font size>]] |
[https://water.usgs.gov/edu/phosphorus.html The United States Geological Survey] states: "Phosphorus is a common constituent of agricultural fertilizers, manure, [urban runoff], and organic wastes in sewage and industrial effluent. It is an essential element for plant life, but when there is too much of it in water, it can speed up [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Glossary#E eutrophication] (a reduction in dissolved oxygen in water bodies caused by an increase of mineral and organic nutrients) of rivers and lakes." Phosphorus is an important contributor to surface water impairments in Minnesota, as illustrated in the map to the right. | [https://water.usgs.gov/edu/phosphorus.html The United States Geological Survey] states: "Phosphorus is a common constituent of agricultural fertilizers, manure, [urban runoff], and organic wastes in sewage and industrial effluent. It is an essential element for plant life, but when there is too much of it in water, it can speed up [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Glossary#E eutrophication] (a reduction in dissolved oxygen in water bodies caused by an increase of mineral and organic nutrients) of rivers and lakes." Phosphorus is an important contributor to surface water impairments in Minnesota, as illustrated in the map to the right. | ||
| Line 9: | Line 9: | ||
This page provides information on phosphorus in urban stormwater, including a discussion of sources of phosphorus and management strategies for minimizing phosphorus loading from urban stormwater runoff to surface water. | This page provides information on phosphorus in urban stormwater, including a discussion of sources of phosphorus and management strategies for minimizing phosphorus loading from urban stormwater runoff to surface water. | ||
| − | ==[[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption]] | + | ==Amended media or systems engineered to retain phosphorus== |
| − | This page includes information on phosphorus-sorbing materials, including the following. | + | *[[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption]]: This page includes information on phosphorus-sorbing materials, including the following. |
| − | *iron filings ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Erickson et al.]], 2012); | + | **iron filings ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Erickson et al.]], 2012); |
| − | *steel wool ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Erickson et al.]], 2007); | + | **steel wool ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Erickson et al.]], 2007); |
| − | *native iron rich soils such as those in the Piedmont of the Mid and Southern Atlantic USA (Hunt et al 2012), or Krasnozem soil in Australia ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Lucas and Greenway]], 2011); | + | **native iron rich soils such as those in the Piedmont of the Mid and Southern Atlantic USA (Hunt et al 2012), or Krasnozem soil in Australia ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Lucas and Greenway]], 2011); |
| − | *Drinking Water Treatment Residuals (WTRs), which are a by-product of drinking water treatment and a source of aluminum and iron hydroxides ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|O’Neill and Davis]], 2012a and 2012b, [[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Hinman and Wulkan]], 2012; [[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Lucas and Greenway]], 2011; [[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Lucas and Greenway]], 2010); and | + | **Drinking Water Treatment Residuals (WTRs), which are a by-product of drinking water treatment and a source of aluminum and iron hydroxides ([[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|O’Neill and Davis]], 2012a and 2012b, [[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Hinman and Wulkan]], 2012; [[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Lucas and Greenway]], 2011; [[Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption#References|Lucas and Greenway]], 2010); and |
| − | *sorptive media (Imbrium) (Balch et al 2013) | + | **sorptive media (Imbrium) (Balch et al 2013) |
| + | *[[Iron enhanced sand filter (Minnesota Filter)]] | ||
| + | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Layered_systems Layered bioretention systems] | ||
==Engineered (bioretention) media and phosphorus leaching== | ==Engineered (bioretention) media and phosphorus leaching== | ||
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Addressing_phosphorus_leaching_concerns_with_media_mixes Addressing phosphorus leaching concerns with media mixes] | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Addressing_phosphorus_leaching_concerns_with_media_mixes Addressing phosphorus leaching concerns with media mixes] | ||
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Notes_about_soil_phosphorus_testing:_applicability_and_interpretation Notes about soil phosphorus testing: applicability and interpretation] | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Notes_about_soil_phosphorus_testing:_applicability_and_interpretation Notes about soil phosphorus testing: applicability and interpretation] | ||
| + | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Mix_C:_North_Carolina_State_University_water_quality_blend Mix C: North Carolina State University water quality blend] | ||
| + | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Mix_D Mix D] | ||
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Wisconsin_peat_moss_replacement_.28Bannerman.2C_2013.29 Wisconsin peat moss replacement] | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Wisconsin_peat_moss_replacement_.28Bannerman.2C_2013.29 Wisconsin peat moss replacement] | ||
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Layered_systems Layered systems] | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Layered_systems Layered systems] | ||
| + | |||
| + | <noinclude> | ||
| + | [[Category:Level 2 - Pollutants/Phosphorus]] | ||
| + | </noinclude> | ||
Latest revision as of 17:13, 8 December 2022
The United States Geological Survey states: "Phosphorus is a common constituent of agricultural fertilizers, manure, [urban runoff], and organic wastes in sewage and industrial effluent. It is an essential element for plant life, but when there is too much of it in water, it can speed up eutrophication (a reduction in dissolved oxygen in water bodies caused by an increase of mineral and organic nutrients) of rivers and lakes." Phosphorus is an important contributor to surface water impairments in Minnesota, as illustrated in the map to the right.
This page provides links to other pages in this manual or other information related to phosphorus, phosphorus in stormwater, and managing phosphorus in stormwater.
Phosphorus in stormwater
This page provides information on phosphorus in urban stormwater, including a discussion of sources of phosphorus and management strategies for minimizing phosphorus loading from urban stormwater runoff to surface water.
Amended media or systems engineered to retain phosphorus
- Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption: This page includes information on phosphorus-sorbing materials, including the following.
- iron filings (Erickson et al., 2012);
- steel wool (Erickson et al., 2007);
- native iron rich soils such as those in the Piedmont of the Mid and Southern Atlantic USA (Hunt et al 2012), or Krasnozem soil in Australia (Lucas and Greenway, 2011);
- Drinking Water Treatment Residuals (WTRs), which are a by-product of drinking water treatment and a source of aluminum and iron hydroxides (O’Neill and Davis, 2012a and 2012b, Hinman and Wulkan, 2012; Lucas and Greenway, 2011; Lucas and Greenway, 2010); and
- sorptive media (Imbrium) (Balch et al 2013)
- Iron enhanced sand filter (Minnesota Filter)
- Layered bioretention systems
Engineered (bioretention) media and phosphorus leaching
This page was last edited on 8 December 2022, at 17:13.