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*[http://bcn.boulder.co.us/basin/data/BACT/info/TP.html City of Boulder, Colorado] | *[http://bcn.boulder.co.us/basin/data/BACT/info/TP.html City of Boulder, Colorado] | ||
*[https://www.water-research.net/index.php/phosphate-in-water Water Research Center] | *[https://www.water-research.net/index.php/phosphate-in-water Water Research Center] | ||
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+ | ==Bioavailability of different forms of phosphorus== | ||
+ | Dissolved phosphorus is considered to be more bioavailable than particulate forms of phosphorus. Below is a summary of some studies on bioavailability of phosphorus. | ||
+ | *About 95% of dissolved phosphorus transported to Lake Erie is bioavailable to algae, while only about 30% of the particulate phosphorus attached to eroded sediment is bioavailable ([http://lakeeriealgae.com/different-types-of-phosphorus/ Lake Erie Algae]). | ||
+ | *[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135406000352 Ellison and Brett] (2006) found on average only 20% of the particulate phosphorus transported in runoff from urban settings was biologically available. | ||
+ | *[https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00288330.2013.792851 Abell and Hamilton] (2012) found that about 25% of particulate phosphorus in a stream dominated by stormwater runoff was bioavailable. | ||
+ | *[https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1752-1688.12366 Prestigiacomo et al.] found 10-20% of particulate phosphorus was bioavailable, compared to more than 90% of dissolved phosphorus being bioavailable. Bioavailable phosphorus in the particulate fraction increased somewhat with time after sampling, but never exceeded 30%. | ||
+ | *[https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Contribution-of-particulate-phosphorus-to-runoff-Uusitalo-Turtola/54189c9219e05e1b9c66b35a5af7799dc4d4e9a8 Uusitalo et al.] (2003) found 6-10% of particulate phosphorus was bioavailable, but that 34-56% was redox-sensitive, meaning it could become bioavailable under anoxic (reducing) conditions. Other papers corroborate these findings, indicating that a significant portion of particulate phosphorus can become bioavailable under anoxic conditions ([https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21235180], [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Colin_Reynolds/publication/229477072_Phosphorus_recycling_in_lakes_Evidence_from_large_limnetic_enclosures_for_the_importance_of_shallow_sediments/links/5a1fdef2458515a4c3d4e69b/Phosphorus-recycling-in-lakes-Evidence-from-large-limnetic-enclosures-for-the-importance-of-shallow-sediments.pdf], [https://www.biogeosciences.net/14/3585/2017/bg-14-3585-2017.pdf], [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00024902]) | ||
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+ | ==Sources of dissolved phosphorus in runoff== |
This page provides a discussion of dissolved phosphorus in stormwater runoff, its sources, and strategies for managing dissolved phosphorus. While the focus is on urban runoff, the basic principles are applicable to agricultural runoff.
Phosphorus in water is often classified as dissolved (soluble) or particulate (attached to or a component of particulate matter) phosphorus. This nomenclature is somewhat ambiguous, however, as dissolved phosphorus consists of multiple forms of phosphorus, including phosphorus attached to other materials.
References for phosphorus forms and testing includes the following.
Dissolved phosphorus is considered to be more bioavailable than particulate forms of phosphorus. Below is a summary of some studies on bioavailability of phosphorus.