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Difference between revisions of "Summary of pollutant removal mechanisms"

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Link to this [[Summary of pollutant removal mechanisms|table]]
 
Link to this [[Summary of pollutant removal mechanisms|table]]
 
<table class="sortable"><tr>
 
<table class="sortable"><tr>
−
<th>Hydrologic soil group</th>
+
<th>Mechanism</th>
−
<th>Infiltration rate (inches/hour)</th>
+
<th>Pollutants affected</th>
−
<th>Soil textures</th>
+
<th>Promoted by</th>
−
<th>Corresponding Unified Soil Classification</th>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
−
<td rowspan="2"><center>A</center></td>
+
<td>Sedimentation</td>
−
<td>1.63<sup>a</sup></td>
+
<td></td>
−
<td>
+
<td></td>
−
gravel<br>
+
</tr>
−
sandy gravel<br>
+
<tr>
−
silty gravels</td>
+
<td>Filtration</td>
−
<td>
+
<td></td>
−
GW - well-graded gravels, sandy gravels<br>
+
<td></td>
−
GP - gap-graded or uniform gravels, sandy gravels<br>
+
</tr>
−
GM - silty gravels, silty sandy gravels<br>
+
<tr>
−
SW - well-graded gravelly sands
+
<td>Soil incorporation</td>
−
</td>
+
<td></td>
 +
<td></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td>Precipitation</td>
 +
<td></td>
 +
<td></td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
−
<td>0.8</td>
+
<td>Sorption - adsorption</td>
−
<td>
+
<td></td>
−
sand<br>
+
<td></td>
−
loamy sand<br>
 
−
sandy loam
 
−
</td>
 
−
<td>
 
−
SP - gap-graded or uniform sands, gravelly sands
 
−
</td>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
−
<td rowspan="2"><center>B</center></td>
+
<td>Sorption - ion exchange</td>
−
<td>0.45</td>
+
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
−
<td>SM - silty sands, silty gravelly sands</td>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
−
<td>0.3</td>
+
<td>Oxidation</td>
−
<td>loam, silt loam</td>
+
<td></td>
−
<td>MH - micaceous silts, diatomaceous silts, volcanic ash</td>
+
<td></td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
−
<td><center>C</center></td>
+
<td>Degradation - photolysis</td>
−
<td>0.2</td>
+
<td></td>
−
<td>Sandy clay loam</td>
+
<td></td>
−
<td>ML - silts, very fine sands, silty or clayey fine sands</td>
 
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
−
<td><center>D</center></td>
+
<td>Degradation - volatilization</td>
−
<td>0.06</td>
+
<td></td>
−
<td>
+
<td></td>
−
clay loam<br>
+
</tr>
−
silty clay loam<br>
+
<tr>
−
sandy clay<br>
+
<td>Degradation - biological</td>
−
silty clay<br>
+
<td></td>
−
clay
+
<td></td>
−
</td>
+
</tr>
−
<td>
+
<tr>
−
GC - clayey gravels, clayey sandy gravels<br>
+
<td>Plant metabolism</td>
−
SC - clayey sands, clayey gravelly sands<br>
+
<td></td>
−
CL - low plasticity clays, sandy or silty clays<br>
+
<td></td>
−
OL - organic silts and clays of low plasticity<br>
+
</tr>
−
CH - highly plastic clays and sandy clays<br>
+
<tr>
−
OH - organic silts and clays of high plasticity
+
<td>Pathogen die off</td>
 +
<td></td>
 +
<td></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td>Nitrification</td>
 +
<td></td>
 +
<td></td>
 +
</tr>
 +
<tr>
 +
<td>Denitrification</td>
 +
<td></td>
 +
<td></td>
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
</table>
 
</table>
−
<font size=1>*NOTE that this table has been updated from Version 2.X of the Minnesota Stormwater Manual. There are no longer two different infiltration rates for B soils and a value of 0.06 is used for D soils (instead of < 0.2 in/hr).<br>
 
−
Source: Thirty guidance manuals and many other stormwater references were reviewed to compile recommended infiltration rates. All of these sources use the following studies as the basis for their recommended infiltration rates: (1) Rawls, Brakensiek and Saxton (1982); (2) Rawls, Gimenez and Grossman (1998); (3) Bouwer and Rice (1984); and (4) Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds (NRCS). SWWD, 2005, provides field documented data that supports the proposed infiltration rates. ([[References|view reference list]])<br>
 
−
<sup>a</sup>This rate is consistent with the infiltration rate provided for the lower end of the Hydrologic Soil Group A soils in the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Conservation Practice Standard: Site Evaluation for Stormwater Infiltration.</font size>
 
  
 
<noinclude>
 
<noinclude>

Revision as of 13:12, 21 May 2015

Summary of attenuation-removal mechanisms for primary pollutants found in stormwater runoff.
Link to this table

Mechanism Pollutants affected Promoted by
Sedimentation
Filtration
Soil incorporation
Precipitation
Sorption - adsorption
Sorption - ion exchange
Oxidation
Degradation - photolysis
Degradation - volatilization
Degradation - biological
Plant metabolism
Pathogen die off
Nitrification
Denitrification
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