Processes utilized by Best Management Practices - Filters. Sources: WEF, 2012; Strecker, 2005.
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Biofiltration | Media filter | Green roof | Surface sand filter | Perimeter sand filter | Underground sand filter | Enhanced sand filter | Permeable pavement w/underdrain | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pretreatment | |||||||||
HYDRAULIC PROCESSES | Attenuation | X | X | ||||||
Infiltration / Runoff reduction | |||||||||
Evaporation | |||||||||
Transpiration | X | ||||||||
PHYSICAL PROCESSES | Screening | ||||||||
Sedimentation | X | ||||||||
Filtration | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | |
Flotation / Skimming | |||||||||
Laminar Separation | |||||||||
Swirl concentration | |||||||||
BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES | Plant metabolism | X | X | ||||||
Pathogen die-off | X | X | |||||||
Nitrification / denitrification | X | X | |||||||
CHEMICAL PROCESSES | Precipitation | ||||||||
Coagulation | |||||||||
Sorption/Ion Exchange | X | X | X | X | |||||
OTHER | Thermal / temperature | X |