Symptoms and specification as adopted by the ICP Forest (International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests (ICP Forests, 2010)).
Link to this table.
Affected part | Symptom/sign | Code | Symptom/sign specification | Code |
---|---|---|---|---|
Leaves/needles | Partly or totally devoured/missing | 01 | Holes or partly devoured/missing | 31 |
Notches (leaf/needle margins affected) | 32 | |||
Totally devoured/missing | 33 | |||
Skeletonized | 34 | |||
Mined | 35 | |||
Premature falling | 36 | |||
Light green to yellow discoloration | 02 | Overall | 37 | |
Red to brown discoloration (incl. necrosis) | 03 | Flecking, spots | 38 | |
Bronzing | 04 | Marginal | 39 | |
Other color | 05 | Banding | 40 | |
Interveinal | 41 | |||
Tip, apical | 42 | |||
Partial | 43 | |||
Along veins | 44 | |||
Microfilia (small leaves) | 08 | |||
Other abnormal size | 07 | |||
Deformations | 08 | Curling | 45 | |
Bending | 46 | |||
Rolling | 47 | |||
Stalk twisting | 48 | |||
Folding | 49 | |||
Galls | 50 | |||
Wilting | 51 | |||
Other deformations | 52 | |||
Other symptoms | 09 | |||
Signs of insects | 10 | Black coverage on leaves | 53 | |
Nest | 54 | |||
Adults, larvae, nymph, pupae, egg masses | 55 | |||
Signs of fungi | 11 | White coverage on leaves | 56 | |
Fungal fruiting bodies | 57 | |||
Other signs | 12 | |||
Stem/collar | Wounds (debarking, cracks, etc.) | 17 | Debarking | 58 |
Cracks (frost cracks, etc.) | 59 | |||
Other wounds | 60 | |||
Resin flow (conifers) | 18 | |||
Slime flux (broadleaves) | 19 | |||
Decay/rot | 20 | |||
Deformations | 08 | Cankers | 62 | |
Tumors | 63 | |||
Longitundinal ridges (frost ribs, etc.) | 68 | |||
Other deformations | 52 | |||
Tilted | 21 | |||
Fallen (with roots) | 22 | |||
Broken | 13 | |||
Necrosis (necrotic parts) | 16 | |||
Other symptoms | 09 | |||
Signs of insects | 10 | Boring holes, boring duct | 65 | |
White dots or covers | 66 | |||
Adults, larvae, nymph, pupae, egg masses | 55 | |||
Signs of fungi | 11 | Fungal fruiting bodies | 57 | |
Yellow to orange blisters | 67 | |||
Other signs | 12 |