Typical Annual and Snowmelt Urban Stormwater Quality Characteristics
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Typical Annual and Snowmelt Urban Stormwater Quality Characteristics

Sector - T
Link to this table ¹ Event mean concentrations; Reference: Brezonik and Stadelmann 2002 ² Geometric mean concentrations; Reference: Steuer et al. 1997 ³ Geometric mean concentrations; Reference: Waschbusch et al. 1999 ⁴ Reference: Oberts, G. (Met Council). 2000. Influence of Snowmelt Dynamics on Stormwater Runoff Quality. ⁵ Reference: Median concentrations from more than 2,300 rainfall events monitored across the nation; EPA, 1983

Constituent (concentrations reported in mg/L)	Annual			Twin Cities Snowbelt⁴
Constituent (concentrations reported in mg/L)	Twin Cities¹	Marquette MI²	Madison WI	Storm Sewers	Open Channels	Creeks	NURP⁵
Biological OxygConen Demand		15
Chemical Oxygen Demand	169	66		169	82	84	91
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen	2.62	1.50		3.52	2.36	3.99	2.35
Nitrate + Nitrite	0.53	0.37		1.04	0.89	0.65	0.96
Ammonia		0.2
Total Phosphorus	0.58	0.29	0.66	0.7	0.56	0.54	0.46
Dissolved Phosphorus	0.20	0.04	0.27	0.25	0.18		0.16
Chloride³				230	49	116
Total Suspended Solids	184	159	262	148	88	64
Volatile Suspended Solids	66			46	15