Advantages and disadvantages of above- or below-ground tanks and stormwater ponds

Advantages and disadvantages of above- or below-ground tanks and stormwater ponds
Link to this table

Type of storage system	Advantages	Disadvantages
Open systems (e.g. ponds)	Low capital costs Low maintenance costs Provide stormwater treatment Can utilize existing stormwater ponds	Public safety concerns if not fenced Habitat for mosquito breeding Loss to evaporation
Below-ground, closed systems	Concealed from view Do not consume above-ground space Can be freeze protected	Greater capital costs Higher maintenance costs Require stronger structure in traffic areas Require pumping Access can be difficult
Above-ground, closed systems	Moderate capital costs Moderate maintenance costs Can be gravity fed	Aesthetic concerns More susceptible to weather conditions than below-ground systems (UV, freezing)