Challenges to the Design of Runoff Management Practices in Cold Climates

Summary of challenges to the design of runoff management practices in cold climates (Source: Caraco and Claytor,1997)
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Climatic Condition	BMP Design Challenge
Cold Temperatures	Pipe freezing Permanent pool ice covered Reduced biological activity Reduced oxygen levels during ice cover Reduced settling velocities
Deep Frost Line	Frost heaving Reduced soil infiltration Pipe freezing
Short Growing Season	Short time period to establish vegetation Different plant species appropriate to cold climates than moderate climates
Significant Snowfall	High runoff volumes during snowmelt and rainon-snow High pollutant loads during spring melt Other impacts of road salt/deicers Snow management may affect BMP storage