Challenges to the Design of Runoff Management Practices in Cold Climates (Source: Caraco and Claytor,1997)

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Climatic Condition BMP Design Challenge
Cold Temperatures
  • Pipe freezing
  • Permanent pool ice covered
  • Reduced biological activity
  • Reduced oxygen levels during ice cover
  • Reduced settling velocities
Deep Frost Line
  • Frost heaving
  • Reduced soil infiltration
  • Pipe freezing
Short Growing Season
  • Short time period to establish vegetation
  • Different plant species appropriate to cold climates than moderate climates
Significant Snowfall
  • High runoff volumes during snowmelt and rainon-snow
  • High pollutant loads during spring melt
  • Other impacts of road salt/deicers
  • Snow management may affect BMP storage