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*absorption - a physical or chemical phenomenon or a process in which atoms, molecules or ions enter some bulk phase – gas, liquid or solid material. | *absorption - a physical or chemical phenomenon or a process in which atoms, molecules or ions enter some bulk phase – gas, liquid or solid material. | ||
*access and egress control - reinforced or rocked entrance and exit points to the site to deter tracking of sediment off the site onto adjacent streets | *access and egress control - reinforced or rocked entrance and exit points to the site to deter tracking of sediment off the site onto adjacent streets | ||
− | *[[Karst|active karst]] - | + | *[[Karst|active karst]] - a terrain having distinctive landforms and hydrology created primarily from the dissolution of soluble rocks within 50 feet of the land surface [Minn. R. 7090] |
*adsorption - the adhesion of an extremely thin layer of molecules to the surfaces of solid bodies or liquids with which they are in contact | *adsorption - the adhesion of an extremely thin layer of molecules to the surfaces of solid bodies or liquids with which they are in contact | ||
*aggrade - the build up of sediment or eroded material | *aggrade - the build up of sediment or eroded material | ||
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*drainageway - a course or channel along which water moves in draining an area | *drainageway - a course or channel along which water moves in draining an area | ||
*drawdown time - the time from the high water level in a BMP to 1 to 2 inches above the bottom of the facility at the lowest part of the BMP | *drawdown time - the time from the high water level in a BMP to 1 to 2 inches above the bottom of the facility at the lowest part of the BMP | ||
− | *[http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Stormwater_and_wellhead_protection Drinking water supply management area (DWSMA)] - the surface and subsurface area surrounding a public water supply well, including the wellhead protection area, that must be managed by the entity identified in a wellhead protection plan. | + | *[http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Stormwater_and_wellhead_protection Drinking water supply management area (DWSMA)] - the surface and subsurface area surrounding a public water supply well, including the wellhead protection area, that must be managed by the entity identified in a wellhead protection plan. This area is delineated using identifiable landmarks that reflect the scientifically calculated wellhead protection area boundaries as closely as possible. |
*dry pond - a water bearing stormwater management facility that controls peak runoff flows to receiving bodies such as rivers and streams which is typically free of water during dry periods, but filled during times of rainfall | *dry pond - a water bearing stormwater management facility that controls peak runoff flows to receiving bodies such as rivers and streams which is typically free of water during dry periods, but filled during times of rainfall | ||
*dry well - a deep covered hole acting as an underground storage facility for stormwater until it seeps into the surrounding soil. | *dry well - a deep covered hole acting as an underground storage facility for stormwater until it seeps into the surrounding soil. | ||
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==E== | ==E== | ||
*elution - washing out of ions in solution from a snowpack | *elution - washing out of ions in solution from a snowpack | ||
+ | *Emergency Response Area (ERA). The part of the wellhead protection area that is defined by a one-year time of travel within the aquifer that is used by the public water supply well ([https://www.revisor.mn.gov/rules/?id=4720.5250 Minnesota Rules, part 4720.5250], subpart 3). It is used to set priorities for managing potential contamination sources within the DWSMA. | ||
*erosion - the wearing down or washing away of the soil and land surface by the action of water, wind or ice | *erosion - the wearing down or washing away of the soil and land surface by the action of water, wind or ice | ||
*erosion - control any efforts to prevent the wearing or washing away of the soil or land surface | *erosion - control any efforts to prevent the wearing or washing away of the soil or land surface | ||
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*impaired waters - streams or lakes that do not meet their designated uses because of excess pollutants or identified stressors | *impaired waters - streams or lakes that do not meet their designated uses because of excess pollutants or identified stressors | ||
*impervious surface - means a constructed hard surface that either prevents or retards the entry of water into the soil and causes water to run off the surface in greater quantities and at an increased rate of flow than prior to development. Examples include rooftops, sidewalks, patios, driveways, parking lots, storage areas, and concrete, asphalt, or gravel roads | *impervious surface - means a constructed hard surface that either prevents or retards the entry of water into the soil and causes water to run off the surface in greater quantities and at an increased rate of flow than prior to development. Examples include rooftops, sidewalks, patios, driveways, parking lots, storage areas, and concrete, asphalt, or gravel roads | ||
+ | *Impervious surface ('''MIDS definition''') - a surface that impedes the infiltration of rainfall and results in an increased volume of surface runoff (see also [[Glossary#I|the definition in the glossary]] of this manual). | ||
*infiltration - flow of water from the land surface into the subsurface (see [[Design infiltration rates]]) | *infiltration - flow of water from the land surface into the subsurface (see [[Design infiltration rates]]) | ||
*individual permit - necessary if activities are not covered under one of the state’s general permit provisions | *individual permit - necessary if activities are not covered under one of the state’s general permit provisions | ||
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==L== | ==L== | ||
+ | *Land disturbance ('''MIDS definition''') - any activity that results in a change or alteration in the existing ground cover (both vegetative and non-vegetative) and/or the existing soil topography. Land disturbing activities include, but are not limited to, development, redevelopment, demolition, construction, reconstruction, clearing, grading, filling, stockpiling, excavation and borrow pits. | ||
*large storm hydrology - a 10–year or greater storm event | *large storm hydrology - a 10–year or greater storm event | ||
*lattice blocks - a form of pervious pavers consisting of interlocking components having an open space in the middle for vegetation or gravel | *lattice blocks - a form of pervious pavers consisting of interlocking components having an open space in the middle for vegetation or gravel | ||
+ | *Linear project ('''MIDS definition''') - construction or reconstruction of roads, trails, sidewalks, and rail lines that are not part of a common plan of development or sale | ||
*live storage - the portion of a storage basin or reservoir that is at or above the outlet and used for temporary water storage | *live storage - the portion of a storage basin or reservoir that is at or above the outlet and used for temporary water storage | ||
*low density residential - a low concentration of housing units in a specific area or on a specific property, typical of rural areas | *low density residential - a low concentration of housing units in a specific area or on a specific property, typical of rural areas | ||
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*native vegetation - plants that are adapted to and occur naturally in a specific location | *native vegetation - plants that are adapted to and occur naturally in a specific location | ||
*natural area conservation - the identification and protection of natural resources and features that maintain the pre-development hydrology at a site by reducing runoff, promoting infiltration, and preventing soil erosion. 90% capture rule the design of stormwater treatment practices to capture and treat 90% of the annual rainfall from runoff producing events | *natural area conservation - the identification and protection of natural resources and features that maintain the pre-development hydrology at a site by reducing runoff, promoting infiltration, and preventing soil erosion. 90% capture rule the design of stormwater treatment practices to capture and treat 90% of the annual rainfall from runoff producing events | ||
+ | *New development ('''MIDS definition''') - any development that results in the conversion of land that is currently prairie, agriculture, forest, or meadow and has less than 15 percent impervious surface. Land that was previously developed, but now razed and vacant, will not be considered new development | ||
*nitrification - is the biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate. | *nitrification - is the biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate. | ||
*no exposure - all industrial materials or activities are protected by a storm resistant shelter to prevent exposure to rain, snow, snowmelt, or runoff | *no exposure - all industrial materials or activities are protected by a storm resistant shelter to prevent exposure to rain, snow, snowmelt, or runoff | ||
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==O== | ==O== | ||
+ | *off-line system - a flow system where only stormwater runoff treated by a BMP enters the BMP, with remaining water bypassing the BMP | ||
*oligotrophic - water bodies or habitats with low concentrations of nutrients | *oligotrophic - water bodies or habitats with low concentrations of nutrients | ||
*one–half inch rule - based on the first flush concept stating that the majority of the pollutants in urban runoff are carried in the first one–half inch of runoff. The half–inch rule defines the water quality volume as one–half inch times the impervious area. | *one–half inch rule - based on the first flush concept stating that the majority of the pollutants in urban runoff are carried in the first one–half inch of runoff. The half–inch rule defines the water quality volume as one–half inch times the impervious area. | ||
+ | *on-line system - a systems where all stormwater runoff enters and flows through a BMP | ||
*orifice outlet - | *orifice outlet - | ||
*Outstanding Resource Value Waters (ORVW) - defined in Minnesota Rule 7050.0180 as waters within the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, Voyageur’s National Park, and Department of Natural Resources designated scientific and natural areas, wild, scenic, and recreational river segments, Lake Superior, those portions of the Mississippi River from Lake Itasca to the southerly boundary of Morrison County that are included in the Mississippi Headwaters Board comprehensive plan dated February 12, 1981, and other waters of the state with high water quality, wilderness characteristics, unique scientific or ecological significance, exceptional recreational value, or other special qualities which warrant stringent protection from pollution. | *Outstanding Resource Value Waters (ORVW) - defined in Minnesota Rule 7050.0180 as waters within the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness, Voyageur’s National Park, and Department of Natural Resources designated scientific and natural areas, wild, scenic, and recreational river segments, Lake Superior, those portions of the Mississippi River from Lake Itasca to the southerly boundary of Morrison County that are included in the Mississippi Headwaters Board comprehensive plan dated February 12, 1981, and other waters of the state with high water quality, wilderness characteristics, unique scientific or ecological significance, exceptional recreational value, or other special qualities which warrant stringent protection from pollution. | ||
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*PONDNET - an empirical model developed by William W. Walker in 1987 to evaluate flow and phosphorus routing in pond networks | *PONDNET - an empirical model developed by William W. Walker in 1987 to evaluate flow and phosphorus routing in pond networks | ||
*porosity - the ratio of the volume of pores in a soil to the total soil volume | *porosity - the ratio of the volume of pores in a soil to the total soil volume | ||
− | *pre–treatment - | + | *pre–treatment - practices used to reduce, eliminate, or alter pollutants in stormwater, primarily sediment, before they are discharged into structural stormwater BMPs. Pretreatment practices include [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Overview_and_methods_of_pretreatment#Pretreatment_settling_devices settling devices], [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Overview_and_methods_of_pretreatment#Pretreatment_screens screens], and [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Overview_and_methods_of_pretreatment#Pretreatment_vegetated_filter_strips pretreatment vegetated filter strips]. |
*primary treatment - the first stage of wastewater treatment, including removal of floating debris and solids by screening, skimming and sedimentation | *primary treatment - the first stage of wastewater treatment, including removal of floating debris and solids by screening, skimming and sedimentation | ||
*Program for Predicting Polluting Particle Passage through Pits, Puddles and Ponds (P–8) - a physically–based model developed by William W. Walker to predict the generation and transport of stormwater runoff pollutants in urban watersheds. | *Program for Predicting Polluting Particle Passage through Pits, Puddles and Ponds (P–8) - a physically–based model developed by William W. Walker to predict the generation and transport of stormwater runoff pollutants in urban watersheds. | ||
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*recurrence interval - the inverse probability that a certain flow will occur. It represents a mean time interval based on the distribution of flows over a period of record | *recurrence interval - the inverse probability that a certain flow will occur. It represents a mean time interval based on the distribution of flows over a period of record | ||
*redevelopment - any construction, alteration, or improvement that disturbs greater than or equal to 5,000 square feet of existing impervious cover performed on sites where the existing land use is commercial, industrial, institutional, or residential | *redevelopment - any construction, alteration, or improvement that disturbs greater than or equal to 5,000 square feet of existing impervious cover performed on sites where the existing land use is commercial, industrial, institutional, or residential | ||
+ | *Redevelopment ('''MIDS definition''') - any development that is not considered new development (see also [[Glossary#R|the definition in the glossary]] of this manual). | ||
*removal rate - the rate at which a pollutant is removed from the water column | *removal rate - the rate at which a pollutant is removed from the water column | ||
*retention - the permanent or temporary storage of stormwater to prevent it from leaving the development site retrofit the introduction of a new or improved stormwater management element where it either never existed or did not operate effectively | *retention - the permanent or temporary storage of stormwater to prevent it from leaving the development site retrofit the introduction of a new or improved stormwater management element where it either never existed or did not operate effectively | ||
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==S== | ==S== | ||
*saturated hydraulic conductivity - a property of soil that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through pore spaces or fractures under saturated conditions | *saturated hydraulic conductivity - a property of soil that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through pore spaces or fractures under saturated conditions | ||
− | *saturated soil - the highest seasonal elevation in the soil that is evidenced by the presence of [ | + | *saturated soil - the highest seasonal elevation in the soil that is evidenced by the presence of [http://extension.missouri.edu/webster/documents/presentations/2013-06-05_OnsiteSewageTraining/2013-06-05_Redoximorphic_Features-TomDeWitt-screen.pdf redoximorphic features] or other parameters. It is recommended the determination of saturated soil be made by a soils specialist. |
*seasonal high water table - see ''saturated soil''. | *seasonal high water table - see ''saturated soil''. | ||
*secondary treatment - biological and mechanical processes that remove dissolved or suspended material from wastewater | *secondary treatment - biological and mechanical processes that remove dissolved or suspended material from wastewater | ||
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*thermal protection - techniques and practices such as infiltration and shading which act to preserve and protect the ambient temperatures of streams and waterbodies from temperature–raising effects of stormwater runoff | *thermal protection - techniques and practices such as infiltration and shading which act to preserve and protect the ambient temperatures of streams and waterbodies from temperature–raising effects of stormwater runoff | ||
*total maximum daily load (TMDL) - the amount of a pollutant from both point and nonpoint sources that a waterbody can receive and still meet water quality standards | *total maximum daily load (TMDL) - the amount of a pollutant from both point and nonpoint sources that a waterbody can receive and still meet water quality standards | ||
− | *total phosphorus (TP) - a nutrient that can also be a contaminant because of its use by nuisance algae *total suspended solids | + | *total phosphorus (TP) - a nutrient that can also be a contaminant because of its use by nuisance algae |
− | + | *total suspended solids (TSS) - a measure of the amount of particulate material in suspension in a water column | |
*transmissivity - a measure of how much water can be transmitted horizontally. It is a function of the conductivity and saturated thickness of the media. | *transmissivity - a measure of how much water can be transmitted horizontally. It is a function of the conductivity and saturated thickness of the media. | ||
*transpiration - the passage of water vapor into the atmosphere through the vascular system of plants | *transpiration - the passage of water vapor into the atmosphere through the vascular system of plants | ||
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*water balance - A hydrological formula used by scientists and land managers to determine water surpluses and deficits in a given area. Includes inputs such as precipitation; outputs such as evapotranspiration, infiltration, and runoff; and storage within the system | *water balance - A hydrological formula used by scientists and land managers to determine water surpluses and deficits in a given area. Includes inputs such as precipitation; outputs such as evapotranspiration, infiltration, and runoff; and storage within the system | ||
*water holding capacity - the amount of water that can be held in a soil between saturation and a specific pressure. Field capacity (1/3 bar pressure) and wilting point (15 bar pressure) are commonly used to define a soil's water holding capacity. | *water holding capacity - the amount of water that can be held in a soil between saturation and a specific pressure. Field capacity (1/3 bar pressure) and wilting point (15 bar pressure) are commonly used to define a soil's water holding capacity. | ||
− | *water quality sizing - tied to the volume of stormwater runoff | + | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Unified_sizing_criteria_section water quality sizing] - tied to the volume of stormwater runoff |
− | *water quality volume - The volume of water that is treated by a BMP. To meet the requirements of the Construction Stormwater General Permit, the Water Quality Volume means one (1) inch of runoff from the new impervious surfaces created by the project (calculated as an instantaneous volume) and is the volume of water to be treated in the Permanent Stormwater Management System, as required by the permit. | + | *[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Unified_sizing_criteria_section water quality volume] - The volume of water that is treated by a BMP. To meet the requirements of the Construction Stormwater General Permit, the Water Quality Volume means one (1) inch of runoff from the new impervious surfaces created by the project (calculated as an instantaneous volume) and is the volume of water to be treated in the Permanent Stormwater Management System, as required by the permit. |
*watershed - a topographically defined area within which all water drains to a particular point | *watershed - a topographically defined area within which all water drains to a particular point | ||
*watershed inch - a unit of measure corresponding to the volume of water spread out over the entire watershed area at a depth of one inch | *watershed inch - a unit of measure corresponding to the volume of water spread out over the entire watershed area at a depth of one inch | ||
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*waters of the United States - those waters coming under federal jurisdiction | *waters of the United States - those waters coming under federal jurisdiction | ||
*weir - a spillover dam–like device used to measure or control water flow | *weir - a spillover dam–like device used to measure or control water flow | ||
− | * | + | * Wellhead Protection Area (WHPA) – the surface and subsurface area surrounding a well or well field that supplies a public water system, through which contaminants are likely to move toward and reach the well or well field ([https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/?id=103I.005 Minnesota Statutes, section 103I.005], subdivision 24). |
*wetland - land that is transitional between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and must: have a predominance of hydric soils, be inundated or saturated by surface water or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support a prevalence of hydrophytic vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, and under normal circumstances support a prevalence of hydrophytic vegetation. To be a wetland the area must meet wetland criteria for soils, vegetation, and hydrology as outlined in the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual. | *wetland - land that is transitional between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and must: have a predominance of hydric soils, be inundated or saturated by surface water or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support a prevalence of hydrophytic vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions, and under normal circumstances support a prevalence of hydrophytic vegetation. To be a wetland the area must meet wetland criteria for soils, vegetation, and hydrology as outlined in the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wetland Delineation Manual. | ||
*wetland systems - hydrologically interconnected series of wetlands which includes the interrelatedness of habitat, wetland functions, and biology | *wetland systems - hydrologically interconnected series of wetlands which includes the interrelatedness of habitat, wetland functions, and biology | ||
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==XYZ== | ==XYZ== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <noinclude> | ||
+ | [[Category:Glossary and terminology]] | ||
+ | </noinclude> |