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{{alert|This page is an edit and testing page use by the wiki authors. It is not a content page for the Manual. Information on this page may not be accurate and should not be used as guidance in managing stormwater.|alert-danger}} | {{alert|This page is an edit and testing page use by the wiki authors. It is not a content page for the Manual. Information on this page may not be accurate and should not be used as guidance in managing stormwater.|alert-danger}} | ||
+ | <!-- | ||
+ | <p dir="ltr" style="background-color:#d5fdf4; font-size:30px; text-align: center;" role="presentation" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke"> | ||
+ | <a href="https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Street_Sweeping_Phosphorus_Credit_Calculator_How-to-Guide"> | ||
+ | Donate | ||
+ | </a> | ||
+ | </p> | ||
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+ | <p dir="ltr" style="background-color:#d5fdf4; font-size:30px; text-align: center;" role="presentation" class="zfr3Q CDt4Ke"> | ||
+ | <a href="https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Street_Sweeping_Phosphorus_Credit_Calculator_How-to-Guide"> | ||
+ | <span role="link" class="I4aHG"> | ||
+ | <span style="text-decoration:underline;" class="aw5Odc" data-ri="0">Donate | ||
+ | </span> | ||
+ | </span> | ||
+ | </a> | ||
+ | </p> | ||
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | ||
'''BMPs''' | '''BMPs''' | ||
− | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> | + | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> |
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | ||
− | '''Bioretention''' | + | :'''Bioretention''' |
− | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> | + | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> |
*[[Bioretention terminology]] (including types of bioretention) | *[[Bioretention terminology]] (including types of bioretention) | ||
*[[Overview for bioretention]] | *[[Overview for bioretention]] | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | ||
− | '''Tree trenches''' | + | :'''Tree trenches''' |
− | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> | + | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> |
*[[Design guidelines for tree quality and planting - tree trenches and tree boxes]] | *[[Design guidelines for tree quality and planting - tree trenches and tree boxes]] | ||
*[[Design guidelines for soil characteristics - tree trenches and tree boxes]] | *[[Design guidelines for soil characteristics - tree trenches and tree boxes]] | ||
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*[[Summary of permit requirements for infiltration]] | *[[Summary of permit requirements for infiltration]] | ||
*[[Tree trench/box photo gallery]] | *[[Tree trench/box photo gallery]] | ||
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*[[Fact sheet for tree trenches and tree boxes]] | *[[Fact sheet for tree trenches and tree boxes]] | ||
*[[Requirements, recommendations and information for using trees as a BMP in the MIDS calculator]] | *[[Requirements, recommendations and information for using trees as a BMP in the MIDS calculator]] | ||
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<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | ||
− | '''Permeable pavement''' | + | :'''Permeable pavement''' |
− | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> | + | <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> |
*[[Overview for permeable pavement]] | *[[Overview for permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Types of permeable pavement]] | *[[Types of permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Design criteria for permeable pavement]] | *[[Design criteria for permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Construction specifications for permeable pavement]] | *[[Construction specifications for permeable pavement]] | ||
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*[[Assessing the performance of permeable pavement]] | *[[Assessing the performance of permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Operation and maintenance of permeable pavement]] | *[[Operation and maintenance of permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Calculating credits for permeable pavement]] | *[[Calculating credits for permeable pavement]] | ||
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*[[Case studies for permeable pavement]] | *[[Case studies for permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Green Infrastructure benefits of permeable pavement]] | *[[Green Infrastructure benefits of permeable pavement]] | ||
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*[[Additional considerations for permeable pavement]] | *[[Additional considerations for permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Links for permeable pavement]] | *[[Links for permeable pavement]] | ||
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*[[References for permeable pavement]] | *[[References for permeable pavement]] | ||
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*[[Requirements, recommendations and information for using permeable pavement BMPs in the MIDS calculator]] | *[[Requirements, recommendations and information for using permeable pavement BMPs in the MIDS calculator]] | ||
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*[[Fact sheets for permeable pavement]] | *[[Fact sheets for permeable pavement]] | ||
*[[Recent news and information for permeable pavement]] | *[[Recent news and information for permeable pavement]] | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%"> | ||
− | '''Green roof''' | + | :'''Green roof''' |
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*[[Overview for green roofs]] | *[[Overview for green roofs]] | ||
*[[Types of green roofs]] | *[[Types of green roofs]] | ||
*[[Design criteria for green roofs]] | *[[Design criteria for green roofs]] | ||
*[[Construction specifications for green roofs]] | *[[Construction specifications for green roofs]] | ||
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*[[Assessing the performance of green roofs]] | *[[Assessing the performance of green roofs]] | ||
*[[Operation and maintenance (O&M) of green roofs]] | *[[Operation and maintenance (O&M) of green roofs]] | ||
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*[[Cost-benefit considerations for green roofs]] | *[[Cost-benefit considerations for green roofs]] | ||
*[[Plant lists for green roofs]] | *[[Plant lists for green roofs]] | ||
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*[[Case studies for green roofs]] | *[[Case studies for green roofs]] | ||
*[[Links for green roofs]] | *[[Links for green roofs]] | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
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This page provides recommendations for managing and storing snow collected from impervious surfaces. The recommendations focus on protection of surface waters (lakes, rivers, wetlands), except where otherwise noted. | This page provides recommendations for managing and storing snow collected from impervious surfaces. The recommendations focus on protection of surface waters (lakes, rivers, wetlands), except where otherwise noted. | ||
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*Urban Drainage and Flood Control District. 2010. [https://mhfd.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/S-10-Snow-and-Ice-Management.pdf Snow and Ice Management]. Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3. | *Urban Drainage and Flood Control District. 2010. [https://mhfd.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/S-10-Snow-and-Ice-Management.pdf Snow and Ice Management]. Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manual Volume 3. | ||
*Wheaton, S.R. and W.J. Rice, 2003. [http://anchoragestormwater.com/Documents/siting_design_ops_snowdisp_sites.pdf Siting, design and operational controls for snow disposal sites]. In Proceedings - Urban Drainage and Highway Runoff in Cold Climate, March 25-27, 2003, Riksgränsen, Sweden, pp.85-95. | *Wheaton, S.R. and W.J. Rice, 2003. [http://anchoragestormwater.com/Documents/siting_design_ops_snowdisp_sites.pdf Siting, design and operational controls for snow disposal sites]. In Proceedings - Urban Drainage and Highway Runoff in Cold Climate, March 25-27, 2003, Riksgränsen, Sweden, pp.85-95. | ||
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[[Category:test page]] | [[Category:test page]] |
This page provides recommendations for managing and storing snow collected from impervious surfaces. The recommendations focus on protection of surface waters (lakes, rivers, wetlands), except where otherwise noted.
NOTE: This page only provides a general overview of snowmelt dynamics, instead focusing on snow storage. Numerous references are included throughout this page and the reader is referred to those for more detailed information. This manual also has a page on Cold climate impact on runoff management which provides a comprehensive discussion of cold climate considerations for managing urban stormwater and stormwater practices, including information on snowmelt runoff and snow management.
Snow packs experience multiple freeze-thaw cycles through the winter and early spring. This results in partial melting and channelization of meltwater in the snowpack. Soluble pollutants are preferentially transported with this meltwater and accumulate near the base of the snowpack, while particulates are filtered during these partial melts. This accounts for the high release of soluble pollutants in the early phases of the melt.
Oberts (2010) described a three stage melt process in urban areas.
Characteristics of snowmelt
Link to this table
Early | Middle | Late | X |
---|---|---|---|
Character | |||
High soluble content | Remaining solubles, beginning of fine- to medium-solids | High solids content | |
Low runoff volume, early infiltration | Large runoff volume | Large runoff volume (especially if rain-on-snow occurs), saturated soils | |
Initiated by chemical addition and/or solar radiation | Largely driven by solar radiation, aided by salt | Solar driven |
The quality of runoff from melted snow is affected by the dynamics of snowmelt. The following information was extracted from the literature.
Water quality of snowmelt differs from non-winter runoff.
Recommended references
This section provides guidance and recommendations for identifying appropriate snow storage areas, storing snow in those areas, and operations and maintenance of snow storage areas.
For more information, see [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. |
Pollutants of concern for different land uses | |||||||
Land use | Sediment | Phosphorus | Nitrogen | Metals | Organics | Chloride | BOD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Residential | X | X | X | ||||
Commercial | X | X | X | ||||
Industrial | X | X | X | X | |||
Transportation | X | X | X | X | |||
Park | X | X | X | ||||
Parking lot | X | X |