Residential pollution prevention methods effective for controlling or reducing bacteria. Source: modified from the Center for Watershed Protection.
Link to this table

Practice Relative effectiveness Method Image1
Litter and Animal Waste Control High Properly dispose of pet waste and litter in a timely manner and according to local ordinance requirements.
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Yard Waste Management Low Prevent yard waste from entering storm sewer systems and water bodies by either composting or using curbside pickup services and avoiding accumulation of yard waste on impervious surfaces; keep grass clippings and leaves out of the street.
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Septic Tank Maintenance High
Exposed Soil Repair Low Use native vegetation or grass to cover and stabilize exposed soil on lawns to prevent sediment wash off.
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Native Landscaping Low Reduce turf areas by planting native species to reduce and filter pollutant-laden runoff and prevent the spread of invasive, non-native plant species into the storm sewer system.
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Healthy Lawns Low Maintain thick grass planted in organic-rich soil to a height of at least 3 inches to prevent soil erosion, filter stormwater contaminants, and absorb airborne pollutants; limit or eliminate chemical use and water and repair lawn as needed
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Proper lawn irrigation and watering2 Medium-high Over-watering lawns has been shown to be an important source of bacteria to streets and sidewalks. Implement appropriate watering practices to avoid runoff from pervious surfaces where animals (e.g. birds, mammals) are active.
image overwatering
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1 Photo credits
2For tips on proper watering, see this page
3Image courtesy Chesapeake Lawn Service