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*Liners for facilities covered by an Industrial Stormwater Permit and where ponds are allowed with a constructed liner
 
*Liners for facilities covered by an Industrial Stormwater Permit and where ponds are allowed with a constructed liner
 
**The industrial stormwater pond must be lined with a synthetic liner that is chemically compatible with materials expected to enter the pond, must be Ultra Violet (UV) stable, and must be designed to restrict infiltration to less than 500 gallons per acre per day (5.41 x 10<sup>-7</sup> centimeters per second).
 
**The industrial stormwater pond must be lined with a synthetic liner that is chemically compatible with materials expected to enter the pond, must be Ultra Violet (UV) stable, and must be designed to restrict infiltration to less than 500 gallons per acre per day (5.41 x 10<sup>-7</sup> centimeters per second).
**The industrial stormwater pond must be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practices. (See MPCA [http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/view-document.html?gid=11503 Recommended Pond Design Criteria], [http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/view-document.html?gid=16187 Polyvinyl Chloride Liner guidelines], and [http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/view-document.html?gid=16186 High Density Polyethylene Liner Guidance])
+
**The industrial stormwater pond must be designed in accordance with accepted engineering practices. (See MPCA [https://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/wq-wwtp5-53.pdf Recommended Pond Design Criteria], [https://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/wq-wwtp5-60.pdf Polyvinyl Chloride Liner guidelines], and [https://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/wq-wwtp5-32.pdf High Density Polyethylene Liner Guidance])
  
 
==Decision process for selecting liner level==
 
==Decision process for selecting liner level==

Revision as of 19:46, 25 October 2022

image
picture of a liner
Example of an impermeable liner for a stormwater best management practice. Source: Philadelphia Water (PWD) Stormwater Management Guidance Manual.

Liners are designed to limit infiltration of water from a stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP) into underlying and adjacent soil.

Conditions where liners are required

Under the Construction Stormwater General Permit:

  • The Permittee(s) must ensure filtration systems with less than three (3) feet of separation from seasonally saturated soils or from bedrock are constructed with an impermeable liner;
  • Permittees must design basins using an impermeable liner if located within active karst terrain.

The following sectors covered under an Industrial Stormwater Permit are required to have liners for ponds constructed after April 5, 2010.

Conditions where liners are recommended

Liners are recommended for the following conditions.

  • Circumstances where a permanent pool is needed but difficult to maintain due to site conditions. Examples include constructed wet detention ponds or constructed wetlands requiring a permanent pool and underlain by areas with Hydrologic Soil Group A soils, gravel, or fractured bedrock
  • Permeable pavement designs in compacted fill soils.
  • Areas where seepage from a BMP into the groundwater would otherwise occur but should be avoided due to risk of groundwater contamination. These include
    • Confirmed stormwater hotspots in areas where the potential for groundwater pollution is high. Groundwater pollution potential is determined based on hydrogeologic conditions, which are used to estimate the time of travel for water and conservative chemicals to pass through the soil and vadose zone and into groundwater. The potential for groundwater pollution can be determined using existing pollution sensitivity maps developed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. Note these maps cover large geographic areas and should be used for initial screening at a site.
    • Areas where infiltrating water will mobilize contaminants in soil or groundwater
  • Locations where recommended horizontal or vertical separation distances cannot be achieved
  • Use impermeable liner as needed to separate tree BMPs from road, parking lot, sidewalk or adjacent walls or building foundation

Liner specifications

Specifications are provided for different levels of liners. Although specifications for clay liners are included with Levels 1 and 2, clay liners are generally not recommended. Links to information on design and installation is recommended. For additional information see additional information.

Decision process for selecting liner level

The following table summarizes the process for selecting a liner.

Design process for selecting the appropriate liner level.
Link to this table

Condition Design level Note
Filtration practices with less than 3 feet of separation to seasonal saturated soil or bedrock 1 Required under the Construction Stormwater permit
BMP in confirmed potential stormwater hotspot with high or very high groundwater pollution potential or areas where infiltrating water will mobilize contaminants in soil or groundwater 1 Applies to all post-construction BMPs. See section on Potential stormwater hotspots for more information
Constructed ponds with less than 3 feet separation from seasonally high water table in a potential hotspot 1
Constructed wet ponds underlain by soils with an infiltration rate of 0.3 inches per hour or greater (HSG A or B soils) 1 To maintain a permanent pool
Karst terrain with high or very high groundwater pollution potential1 1 See section on karst for more information
Prevent groundwater intrusion into a BMP requiring aerobic conditions, such as iron-enhanced media 1
Maintain permanent pool in constructed ponds or constructed wetlands in areas underlain by geologic material that is fractured or has a high infiltration rate 2
Separation distance from a BMP cannot be achieved 2
Separate tree BMP from road, parking lot, sidewalk or adjacent walls or building foundation 2 To prevent tree root intrusion. See link

1 Groundwater pollution potential is determined based on hydrogeologic conditions, which are used to estimate the time of travel for water and conservative chemicals to pass through the soil and vadose zone and into groundwater.


Additional information