Difference between revisions of "Processes for removing pollutants from stormwater runoff"
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| − | + | <font size=3>'''Processes for removing pollutants from stormwater runoff. Source: Design of Urban Stormwater Controls.'''</font size><br> | |
| − | + | Link to this [[Processes for removing pollutants from stormwater runoff|table]] | |
| − | Link to this [[Processes for removing pollutants from stormwater runoff|table]] | ||
<table class="sortable"> | <table class="sortable"> | ||
| Line 10: | Line 9: | ||
<th>Primary Pollutant</th> | <th>Primary Pollutant</th> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td rowspan=4>Hydraulic / Volume Management</td> | <td rowspan=4>Hydraulic / Volume Management</td> | ||
| Line 17: | Line 15: | ||
<td>Peak flow</td> | <td>Peak flow</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
| − | <td> | + | <td>Infiltration / runoff reduction</td> |
<td>Water flowing into soils which does not become stormwater runoff</td> | <td>Water flowing into soils which does not become stormwater runoff</td> | ||
<td>Runoff volume</td> | <td>Runoff volume</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Evaporation</td> | <td>Evaporation</td> | ||
| Line 31: | Line 25: | ||
<td>Runoff volume</td> | <td>Runoff volume</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Transpiration</td> | <td>Transpiration</td> | ||
| Line 38: | Line 30: | ||
<td>Runoff volume</td> | <td>Runoff volume</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td rowspan=6>Physical</td> | <td rowspan=6>Physical</td> | ||
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<td>Gross pollutants, vegetation</td> | <td>Gross pollutants, vegetation</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Sedimentation</td> | <td>Sedimentation</td> | ||
| − | <td> | + | <td>Process by which solids are removed from the water column by settling</td> |
<td>Heavy suspended solids</td> | <td>Heavy suspended solids</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Filtration</td> | <td>Filtration</td> | ||
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<td>Suspended solids</td> | <td>Suspended solids</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Flotation</td> | <td>Flotation</td> | ||
| Line 67: | Line 51: | ||
<td>Oil/grease, litter, vegetation</td> | <td>Oil/grease, litter, vegetation</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Laminar separation</td> | <td>Laminar separation</td> | ||
| − | <td>Movement of water through non-turbulent conditions to effectively separate particles </td> | + | <td>Movement of water through non-turbulent conditions to effectively separate particles</td> |
<td>Oil/grease</td> | <td>Oil/grease</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Swirl concentration</td> | <td>Swirl concentration</td> | ||
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<td>Suspended solids</td> | <td>Suspended solids</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td rowspan=3>Biological</td> | <td rowspan=3>Biological</td> | ||
| Line 89: | Line 67: | ||
<td>Phosphorus, dissolved</td> | <td>Phosphorus, dissolved</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Pathogen die-off</td> | <td>Pathogen die-off</td> | ||
| Line 96: | Line 72: | ||
<td>Pathogens</td> | <td>Pathogens</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Nitrification / denitrification</td> | <td>Nitrification / denitrification</td> | ||
| Line 103: | Line 77: | ||
<td>Nitrogen</td> | <td>Nitrogen</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td rowspan=5>Chemical</td> | <td rowspan=5>Chemical</td> | ||
| Line 111: | Line 83: | ||
<td>Dissolved inorganic pollutants</td> | <td>Dissolved inorganic pollutants</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Coagulation</td> | <td>Coagulation</td> | ||
| Line 118: | Line 88: | ||
<td>Colloidal solids</td> | <td>Colloidal solids</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Absorption</td> | <td>Absorption</td> | ||
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<td>Dissolved pollutants</td> | <td>Dissolved pollutants</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Adsorption</td> | <td>Adsorption</td> | ||
| Line 132: | Line 98: | ||
<td>Dissolved pollutants</td> | <td>Dissolved pollutants</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Ion Exchange</td> | <td>Ion Exchange</td> | ||
<td>Capture of a dissolved pollutant, typically heavy metals, in a media through the exchange of ions between the media and the pollutant</td> | <td>Capture of a dissolved pollutant, typically heavy metals, in a media through the exchange of ions between the media and the pollutant</td> | ||
<td>Heavy metals</td> | <td>Heavy metals</td> | ||
| − | |||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
<tr> | <tr> | ||
<td>Other</td> | <td>Other</td> | ||
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<td>Temperature</td> | <td>Temperature</td> | ||
</tr> | </tr> | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
</table> | </table> | ||
| − | + | <noinclude> | |
| − | + | [[Category:Level 3 - General information, reference, tables, images, and archives/Tables/General bmp information]] | |
| − | + | [[Category:Level 3 - General information, reference, tables, images, and archives/Tables/Pollutant removal]] | |
| − | + | </noinclude> | |
| − | [[ | ||
Latest revision as of 02:47, 15 December 2022
Processes for removing pollutants from stormwater runoff. Source: Design of Urban Stormwater Controls.
Link to this table
| Process Category | Process Mechanism | Definition | Primary Pollutant |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hydraulic / Volume Management | Attenuation | Temporary detention of water for the purpose of controlling the rate of outflow | Peak flow |
| Infiltration / runoff reduction | Water flowing into soils which does not become stormwater runoff | Runoff volume | |
| Evaporation | Water returning to atmosphere from water surfaces | Runoff volume | |
| Transpiration | Water returning to atmosphere through plant metabolism | Runoff volume | |
| Physical | Screening | Separation of gross pollutants from water by straining through large openings | Gross pollutants, vegetation |
| Sedimentation | Process by which solids are removed from the water column by settling | Heavy suspended solids | |
| Filtration | Sedimentation and physical retention of smaller particles passing through media | Suspended solids | |
| Flotation | Separation of oil/grease and litter upward through the water column through buoyancy | Oil/grease, litter, vegetation | |
| Laminar separation | Movement of water through non-turbulent conditions to effectively separate particles | Oil/grease | |
| Swirl concentration | Movement of water to the center of a hydraulic vortex and of particles to the outer edges of the vortex via inertia and gravitational force | Suspended solids | |
| Biological | Plant metabolism | Uptake of nutrients from the water by plants for the purpose of metabolism | Phosphorus, dissolved |
| Pathogen die-off | Die-off of pathogens by natural methods | Pathogens | |
| Nitrification / denitrification | Process of nitrogen removal by bacteria that results in nitrogen release to atmosphere as a gas | Nitrogen | |
| Chemical | Precipitation | Joining of two inorganic dissolved pollutants into a heavier particle that can be settled or filtered | Dissolved inorganic pollutants |
| Coagulation | Joining of small particles of one pollutant into a heavier particle that can be settled or filtered | Colloidal solids | |
| Absorption | Pollutant penetrating into the molecular level of the media | Dissolved pollutants | |
| Adsorption | Attachment of a pollutant to the surfaces of a media | Dissolved pollutants | |
| Ion Exchange | Capture of a dissolved pollutant, typically heavy metals, in a media through the exchange of ions between the media and the pollutant | Heavy metals | |
| Other | Thermal / temperature control | Cooling of water that has been heated through contact with pavements and other surfaces | Temperature |
This page was last edited on 15 December 2022, at 02:47.