m
m
Line 13: Line 13:
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Phosphorus leaching</td>
 
<td>Phosphorus leaching</td>
<td>No</td>
+
<td>No [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Effect_of_biochar_on_retention_and_fate_of_phosphorus]</td>
 
<td>No to slight</td>
 
<td>No to slight</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
Line 21: Line 21:
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Phosphorus retention</td>
 
<td>Phosphorus retention</td>
<td>No to slight</td>
+
<td>No to slight [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Effect_of_biochar_on_retention_and_fate_of_phosphorus]</td>
 
<td>No</td>
 
<td>No</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
Line 29: Line 29:
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Handling concerns</td>
 
<td>Handling concerns</td>
<td>Potential explosive concerns in closed space situations; volatile compounds (depending on pyrolysis temperature)</td>
+
<td>Potential explosive concerns in closed space situations; volatile compounds (depending on pyrolysis temperature) [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Storage.2C_handling.2C_and_field_application]</td>
 
<td>Dust</td>
 
<td>Dust</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
Line 37: Line 37:
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Soil hydraulic properties</td>
 
<td>Soil hydraulic properties</td>
<td>Significant improvement</td>
+
<td>Significant improvement [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Chemical-physical_properties_of_biochar]</td>
 
<td>Significant improvement</td>
 
<td>Significant improvement</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
Line 44: Line 44:
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
<td>Soil physical properties</td>
+
<td>Soil physical properties [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Chemical-physical_properties_of_biochar]</td>
 
<td>Significant improvement</td>
 
<td>Significant improvement</td>
 
<td>Moderate improvement</td>
 
<td>Moderate improvement</td>
Line 52: Line 52:
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
<td>Plant effects</td>
+
<td>Plant/microbial effects</td>
<td>Beneficial but varies with feedstock</td>
+
<td>Beneficial but varies with feedstock [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Effects_of_biochar_on_soil_fertility.2C_plant_growth.2C_and_microbial_function]</td>
 
<td>Beneficial</td>
 
<td>Beneficial</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
Line 61: Line 61:
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Availability</td>
 
<td>Availability</td>
<td>Multiple distributors</td>
+
<td>Multiple distributors [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Distributors]</td>
 
<td>Widely available</td>
 
<td>Widely available</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
Line 68: Line 68:
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
<td>Specifications available</td>
+
<td>Specifications/standards available</td>
<td>Limited due to variability with feedstocks</td>
+
<td>Limited due to variability with feedstocks [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Standards.2C_classification.2C_testing.2C_and_distributors]</td>
 
<td>Yes</td>
 
<td>Yes</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>
Line 101: Line 101:
 
</tr>
 
</tr>
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
<td>Chemical and physical properties</td>
+
<td>Chemical properties</td>
 
<td>[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Chemical_and_physical_properties_of_biochar]</td>
 
<td>[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Chemical_and_physical_properties_of_biochar]</td>
 
<td>[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Chemical_and_physical_properties_of_coir]</td>
 
<td>[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Chemical_and_physical_properties_of_coir]</td>
Line 110: Line 110:
 
<tr>
 
<tr>
 
<td>Sustainability</td>
 
<td>Sustainability</td>
<td>Sustainable, but has current market constraints</td>
+
<td>Sustainable, but has current market constraints [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management#Sustainability]</td>
 
<td>Sustainable</td>
 
<td>Sustainable</td>
 
<td></td>
 
<td></td>

Revision as of 13:18, 22 April 2020

Engineered (bioretention) media organic material properties and specifications.
Link to this table

Property Biochar Coir Compost Peat Wood chips
Phosphorus leaching No [1] No to slight
Phosphorus retention No to slight [2] No
Handling concerns Potential explosive concerns in closed space situations; volatile compounds (depending on pyrolysis temperature) [3] Dust
Soil hydraulic properties Significant improvement [4] Significant improvement
Soil physical properties [5] Significant improvement Moderate improvement
Plant/microbial effects Beneficial but varies with feedstock [6] Beneficial
Availability Multiple distributors [7] Widely available
Specifications/standards available Limited due to variability with feedstocks [8] Yes
Cost
Research needs Feedstocks suitable for stormwater applications Phosphorus fate in stormwater applications
Applications [9] [10]
Chemical properties [11] [12]
Sustainability Sustainable, but has current market constraints [13] Sustainable
Potential contaminants Minor risk - metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) Low risk - possible chloride depending on preparation method
Test methods Not standardized but International Biochar Initiative widely used [14] Not standardized but multiple methods available [15]
Effects of aging/Life expectancy Varies with production method [16] Decomposes slowly unless nutrients are added [17]
Notes Characteristics vary with feedstock and pyrolysis temperature Coir must be composted or incorporated with compost, lime, fertilizer, and/or microbes