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[[file:Check it out.png|200px|thumb|alt=image|<font size=3>See a presentation on Multi-Year Performance Analysis of Six TCMA Iron-Enhanced
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Sand Filters (IESFs), given by Dr. David Fairbairn [[File:Fairbairn WRC 2020-10-19 (1).pdf]]</font size>]]
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[[File:mids logo.jpg|300px|right|alt=image of Minimal Impact Design Standards logo]]
 
[[File:mids logo.jpg|300px|right|alt=image of Minimal Impact Design Standards logo]]
[[File:Sand infiltration 4.jpg|thumb|300px|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand filter basin|<font size=3>Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size>]]
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[[File:Sand infiltration 4.jpg|thumb|300px|alt=photo of an iron enhanced sand filter basin|<font size=3>Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size>]]
  
 
Iron-enhanced sand filters are filtration Best Management Practices (BMPs) that incorporate filtration media mixed with iron. The iron removes several dissolved constituents, including phosphate, from stormwater. Iron-enhanced sand filters may be particularly useful for achieving low phosphorus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition of iron; however, iron is not appropriate for all filtration practices due to the potential for iron loss or plugging in low oxygen or persistently inundated filtration practices.
 
Iron-enhanced sand filters are filtration Best Management Practices (BMPs) that incorporate filtration media mixed with iron. The iron removes several dissolved constituents, including phosphate, from stormwater. Iron-enhanced sand filters may be particularly useful for achieving low phosphorus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition of iron; however, iron is not appropriate for all filtration practices due to the potential for iron loss or plugging in low oxygen or persistently inundated filtration practices.
  
*The articles comprising the Iron enhanced sand filter section have been compiled into a pdf document using the '''Create a Book''' function in the left toolbar. NOTE that this document has not been formatted in the manner typical for a pdf document and instead compiles the different articles from the wiki. There may therefore be unusual formatting. However, the full contents of the iron enhanced sand filter section are contained within this pdf document. To access the pdf, link to: [[file:Iron enhanced sand filter.pdf]]
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<font size=4>[[Acknowledgements for iron enhanced sand filters]]</font size>
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*The articles comprising the Iron enhanced sand filter section have been compiled into a pdf document. To access the pdf, link to: [[file:Iron enhanced sand filter.pdf]]
 
*'''The individual articles comprising this section on iron enhanced sand filter trench may be viewed as a [[Iron enhanced sand filter combined|single article]].''' Note: Due to an unresolved bug, when viewing a formula in a combined article, the math markup (used for equations) is displayed. Please ignore the markup. Thanks.
 
*'''The individual articles comprising this section on iron enhanced sand filter trench may be viewed as a [[Iron enhanced sand filter combined|single article]].''' Note: Due to an unresolved bug, when viewing a formula in a combined article, the math markup (used for equations) is displayed. Please ignore the markup. Thanks.
  
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*[[Design criteria for iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[Design criteria for iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
<!--*[[Construction specifications for iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
<!--*[[Construction specifications for iron enhanced sand filter]]
*[[Construction observations for iron enhanced sand filter]]
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*[[Construction observations for iron enhanced sand filter]]-->
*[[Assessing the performance of iron enhanced sand filter]]-->
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*[[Assessing the performance of iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[Operation and maintenance of iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[Operation and maintenance of iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[Calculating credits for iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[Calculating credits for iron enhanced sand filter]]
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*[[References for iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[References for iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[Supporting material for iron enhanced sand filter]]
 
*[[Supporting material for iron enhanced sand filter]]
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Sand_filter_photos Sand filter photos]
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*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Sand_filter,_iron_enhanced_sand_filter,_media_filter_photos Sand filter photos]
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Sand_filter_schematic Sand filter schematics]
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*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Schematic_-_bmps Sand filter schematics]
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Sand_filter_table Sand filter tables]
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*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Sand_filter,_iron_enhanced_sand_filter,_media_filter Sand filter tables]
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{{:Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)}}
  
 
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<noinclude>
[[Category:BMP]]
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[[Category:Level 3 - Best management practices/Structural practices/Iron enhanced sand filter]]
[[Category:Sand filter]]
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[[Category:Level 2 - Pollutants/Phosphorus]]
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<noinclude>
 
[[Category:phosphorus]]
 
 
</noinclude>
 
</noinclude>
  
 
*Excel spreadsheet with site information - [[File:IESF Database FINAL 20190630.xlsx]]
 
*Excel spreadsheet with site information - [[File:IESF Database FINAL 20190630.xlsx]]

Latest revision as of 19:02, 28 December 2022

image
See a presentation on Multi-Year Performance Analysis of Six TCMA Iron-Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs), given by Dr. David Fairbairn File:Fairbairn WRC 2020-10-19 (1).pdf
image of Minimal Impact Design Standards logo
photo of an iron enhanced sand filter basin
Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.

Iron-enhanced sand filters are filtration Best Management Practices (BMPs) that incorporate filtration media mixed with iron. The iron removes several dissolved constituents, including phosphate, from stormwater. Iron-enhanced sand filters may be particularly useful for achieving low phosphorus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition of iron; however, iron is not appropriate for all filtration practices due to the potential for iron loss or plugging in low oxygen or persistently inundated filtration practices.

Acknowledgements for iron enhanced sand filters

  • The articles comprising the Iron enhanced sand filter section have been compiled into a pdf document. To access the pdf, link to: File:Iron enhanced sand filter.pdf
  • The individual articles comprising this section on iron enhanced sand filter trench may be viewed as a single article. Note: Due to an unresolved bug, when viewing a formula in a combined article, the math markup (used for equations) is displayed. Please ignore the markup. Thanks.


Iron enhanced sand filter

Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)
Link to this table

Don't Do Comments
Don’t assume iron is pure or harmless. Request mineral analysis of iron-based material.
  • Test for iron content. Some iron products are as little as 30% iron.
  • Test for harmful impurities such as Cadmium, Copper, Chromium, etc.)
  • Test for adverse water quality effects (e.g., increase or decrease pH)
Don’t assume iron is reactive with phosphate. Expose iron material to a solution of soluble phosphate and measure adsorption (e.g., batch studies).
Don’t undersize the IESF for the contributing drainage area. Design the IESF with the appropriate size and dimensions for the contributing area. Undersized IESFs will run out of sorption capacity quickly.
Don’t install an IESF in areas that become inundated. Select locations for IESF that receive intermittent flow, adequately dry out between rainfall events, and such that the outlet is above the downstream high-water level
Don’t install IESF where the contributing area lacks phosphate in the runoff. Measure the phosphate concentration in the runoff where the IESF is intended to be installed. IESF are most cost-effective when the influent phosphate concentration is > 0.1 mg/L.
Don’t specify too much or too little iron in the IESF media mix. Design IESF with the appropriate amount of iron IESFs are most efficient and successful when the iron content is between 3% and 8% iron by weight. Using > 8% iron by weight can result in iron solidification and reduced hydraulic and sorption capacity.
If mixing with a roto-tiller, don’t assume that the media is well mixed by appearance. If mixing by roto-tiller, mix, mix, and mix 3 to 4 times the appearance of a well-mixed media.
Don’t ignore inspection and maintenance! Inspect and maintain IESFs. Recommended Inspection and maintenance of IESF includes:
  • IESFs should be inspected at least annually, though monthly or quarterly inspections are recommended for the first two years to establish necessary maintenance frequencies.
  • Remove accumulated sediment, as needed
  • Remove vegetation, as needed
  • Rake surface with a steel rake to break up oxidized iron clumps or crust
  • For Pond-Perimeter IESF Trenches, remove duckweed, algae, and other organic material weekly, or as buildup occurs
Recommended links


This page was last edited on 28 December 2022, at 19:02.