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Minnesota Stormwater Manual

Difference between revisions of "Hover box definitions"

 
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*<span title="A vegetative, structural or combination treatment of streams designed to stabilize the stream and reduce erosion."> '''bank stabilization'''</span>
 
*<span title="A vegetative, structural or combination treatment of streams designed to stabilize the stream and reduce erosion."> '''bank stabilization'''</span>
 
*<span title="Baseflow (also called drought flow, groundwater recession flow, low flow, low-water flow, low-water discharge and sustained or fair-weather runoff) is the portion of streamflow delayed shallow subsurface flow".> '''baseflow'''</span>
 
*<span title="Baseflow (also called drought flow, groundwater recession flow, low flow, low-water flow, low-water discharge and sustained or fair-weather runoff) is the portion of streamflow delayed shallow subsurface flow".> '''baseflow'''</span>
 +
*<span title="The condition(s) existing at a defined point in time or the condition corresponding to a specified performance goal or target. Examples include but are not limited to initial conditions, expected performance (e.g. expected pollutant removal), or a point in time. Baseline condition provides a reference for comparison"> '''baseline condition'''</span>
 
*<span title="The year from which stormwater practices can be credited toward meeting a total maximum daily load (TMDL) wasteload allocation (WLA)"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Baseline_year baseline year]'''</span>
 
*<span title="The year from which stormwater practices can be credited toward meeting a total maximum daily load (TMDL) wasteload allocation (WLA)"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Baseline_year baseline year]'''</span>
 
*<span title="Base saturation is calculated as the percentage of CEC occupied by base cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, hydrogen)> '''base saturation'''</span>
 
*<span title="Base saturation is calculated as the percentage of CEC occupied by base cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, hydrogen)> '''base saturation'''</span>
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*<span title="a level space, shelf, or raised barrier (usually made of compacted soil) separating two areas"> '''berm'''</span>
 
*<span title="a level space, shelf, or raised barrier (usually made of compacted soil) separating two areas"> '''berm'''</span>
 
*<span title="One of many different structural or non–structural methods used to treat runoff"> '''best management practice'''</span>
 
*<span title="One of many different structural or non–structural methods used to treat runoff"> '''best management practice'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Better site design includes a series of techniques that reduce impervious cover, conserve natural areas, and use pervious areas to more effectively treat stormwater runoff (Center for Watershed Protection, 1998a) and promote the treatment train approach to runoff management."> '''Better Site Design'''</span>
 
*<span title="Biochar is a charcoal-like substance that’s made by burning organic material from biomass. Biochar has useful applications for soil and engineered media used in stormwater practices."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management biochar]'''</span>
 
*<span title="Biochar is a charcoal-like substance that’s made by burning organic material from biomass. Biochar has useful applications for soil and engineered media used in stormwater practices."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Biochar_and_applications_of_biochar_in_stormwater_management biochar]'''</span>
 
*<span title="The proportion of a nutrient that is digested, absorbed and metabolized by an organism through normal pathways."> '''bioavailable'''</span>
 
*<span title="The proportion of a nutrient that is digested, absorbed and metabolized by an organism through normal pathways."> '''bioavailable'''</span>
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*<span title="Organic matter used as a fuel"> '''biomass'''</span>
 
*<span title="Organic matter used as a fuel"> '''biomass'''</span>
 
*<span title="Any manufactured device or system that supports a biologically active environment.> '''bioreactor'''</span>
 
*<span title="Any manufactured device or system that supports a biologically active environment.> '''bioreactor'''</span>
−
*<span title="Bioretention is a terrestrial-based (up-land as opposed to wetland) water quality and water quantity control process. Bioretention employs a simplistic, site-integrated design that provides opportunity for runoff infiltration, filtration, storage, and water uptake by vegetation. Bioretention areas are suitable stormwater treatment practices for all land uses, as long as the contributing drainage area is appropriate for the size of the facility. Common bioretention opportunities include landscaping islands, cul-de-sacs, parking lot margins, commercial setbacks, open space, rooftop drainage and street-scapes (i.e., between the curb and sidewalk). Bioretention, when designed with an underdrain and liner, is also a good design option for treating Potential stormwater hotspots. Bioretention is extremely versatile because of its ability to be incorporated into landscaped areas. The versatility of the practice also allows for bioretention areas to be frequently employed as stormwater retrofits."> '''bioretention practice'''</span>
+
*<span title="Bioretention, also called rain gardens, is a terrestrial-based (up-land as opposed to wetland) water quality and water quantity control process. Bioretention employs a simplistic, site-integrated design that provides opportunity for runoff infiltration, filtration, storage, and water uptake by vegetation. Bioretention areas are suitable stormwater treatment practices for all land uses, as long as the contributing drainage area is appropriate for the size of the facility. Common bioretention opportunities include landscaping islands, cul-de-sacs, parking lot margins, commercial setbacks, open space, rooftop drainage and street-scapes (i.e., between the curb and sidewalk). Bioretention, when designed with an underdrain and liner, is also a good design option for treating Potential stormwater hotspots. Bioretention is extremely versatile because of its ability to be incorporated into landscaped areas. The versatility of the practice also allows for bioretention areas to be frequently employed as stormwater retrofits."> '''bioretention practice'''</span>
 
*<span title="Bioswales are landscape elements designed to concentrate or remove debris and pollution out of surface runoff water. They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides (less than 6%) and filled with vegetation, compost and/or riprap.> '''Bioswale'''</span>
 
*<span title="Bioswales are landscape elements designed to concentrate or remove debris and pollution out of surface runoff water. They consist of a swaled drainage course with gently sloped sides (less than 6%) and filled with vegetation, compost and/or riprap.> '''Bioswale'''</span>
 
*<span title="A divergence from the expected biological condition of a lake, stream, or wetland. Practical methods exist for assessing impairment to a biological community, and they must be tested and refined for application to Minnesota."> '''biotic impairment'''</span>
 
*<span title="A divergence from the expected biological condition of a lake, stream, or wetland. Practical methods exist for assessing impairment to a biological community, and they must be tested and refined for application to Minnesota."> '''biotic impairment'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) is an approach to urban flood resilience, recognized globally and in international literature, that capitalizes on the benefits of working with urban green-spaces and naturalized water-flows."> '''blue-green infrastructure'''</span>
 
*<span title="The expected length of time over which a best management practice (bmp) can be expected to perform its intended function(s) before needing to be rebuilt or replaced. Maintenance is likely required during the lifespan period."> '''bmp lifespan'''</span>
 
*<span title="The expected length of time over which a best management practice (bmp) can be expected to perform its intended function(s) before needing to be rebuilt or replaced. Maintenance is likely required during the lifespan period."> '''bmp lifespan'''</span>
 
*<span title="Water level fluctuations due to topography, soils, and runoff inputs during and after precipitation events."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Drawdown_and_bounce_2.jpg '''bounce''']</span>
 
*<span title="Water level fluctuations due to topography, soils, and runoff inputs during and after precipitation events."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Drawdown_and_bounce_2.jpg '''bounce''']</span>
 +
*<span title="The length of time or amount of dosing required for concentrations in effluent passing through a media to equal or exceed concentrations in influent, or the time or dosing required to first observe a chemical in effluent."> '''breakthrough'''</span>
 
*<span title="A former industrial or commercial site where future use is affected by real or perceived environmental contamination"> '''brownfield''' </span>
 
*<span title="A former industrial or commercial site where future use is affected by real or perceived environmental contamination"> '''brownfield''' </span>
 
*<span title="Removal of vegetative brush"> '''Brushing''' </span>
 
*<span title="Removal of vegetative brush"> '''Brushing''' </span>
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*<span title="Stormwater runoff in excess of the design flow, which is diverted around a stormwater structure"> '''bypass flow'''</span>
 
*<span title="Stormwater runoff in excess of the design flow, which is diverted around a stormwater structure"> '''bypass flow'''</span>
  
−
==C==
+
==Ca-Cl==
 
*<span title="ASTM C-33 sand refers to a specific type of sand that meets standards associated with the grading of aggregate materials in the sand. ASTM C33 sand is most often used to make concrete, Portland cement, hot mix asphalt and lime."> '''[https://www.google.com/search?q=astm+c33+pdf&sxsrf=ALiCzsZbiP07RhAm7slFtquulY-VE-7w1A%3A1652959846603&ei=ZiqGYqSyJJu6tQa6xrqYBg&oq=c33+sand&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAEYBjIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIKCAAQRxCwAxDJAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQsAMQQ0oECEEYAEoECEYYAFAAWABguS5oAXABeACAAQCIAQCSAQCYAQDIAQnAAQE&sclient=gws-wiz C-33 sand]'''</span>
 
*<span title="ASTM C-33 sand refers to a specific type of sand that meets standards associated with the grading of aggregate materials in the sand. ASTM C33 sand is most often used to make concrete, Portland cement, hot mix asphalt and lime."> '''[https://www.google.com/search?q=astm+c33+pdf&sxsrf=ALiCzsZbiP07RhAm7slFtquulY-VE-7w1A%3A1652959846603&ei=ZiqGYqSyJJu6tQa6xrqYBg&oq=c33+sand&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAEYBjIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIKCAAQRxCwAxDJAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQRxCwAzIHCAAQsAMQQ0oECEEYAEoECEYYAFAAWABguS5oAXABeACAAQCIAQCSAQCYAQDIAQnAAQE&sclient=gws-wiz C-33 sand]'''</span>
 
*<span title="The process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide.> '''carbon sequestration'''</span>
 
*<span title="The process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide.> '''carbon sequestration'''</span>
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*<span title="The Clean Water Act is a U.S. federal law that regulates the discharge of pollutants into the nation's surface waters, including lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and coastal areas."> '''[https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act Clean Water Act]'''</span>
 
*<span title="The Clean Water Act is a U.S. federal law that regulates the discharge of pollutants into the nation's surface waters, including lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands, and coastal areas."> '''[https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/summary-clean-water-act Clean Water Act]'''</span>
 
*<span title="Adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli and their effects or impacts."> '''climate adaptation'''</span>
 
*<span title="Adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli and their effects or impacts."> '''climate adaptation'''</span>
 +
 +
==Cm-Cz==
 
*<span title="coagulation involves the addition of polymers that clump small particles into larger aggregates for easy separation from water. Coagulation is a chemical process that involves neutralization of charge."> '''coagulation'''</span>
 
*<span title="coagulation involves the addition of polymers that clump small particles into larger aggregates for easy separation from water. Coagulation is a chemical process that involves neutralization of charge."> '''coagulation'''</span>
 
*<span title="There is no specific definition of coarse sediment, but in stormwater management it typically refers to coarse sand, which includes particles greater than 1/2-mm in diameter, using the Wentworth scale."> '''coarse sediment'''</span>
 
*<span title="There is no specific definition of coarse sediment, but in stormwater management it typically refers to coarse sand, which includes particles greater than 1/2-mm in diameter, using the Wentworth scale."> '''coarse sediment'''</span>
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*<span title="Occurs where water flow converges, effectively extending the stream network into the field"> '''concentrated stormwater runoff'''</span>
 
*<span title="Occurs where water flow converges, effectively extending the stream network into the field"> '''concentrated stormwater runoff'''</span>
 
*<span title="A subset of impervious cover, which is directly connected to a drainage system or a water body via continuous impervious surfaces."> '''connected impervious'''</span>
 
*<span title="A subset of impervious cover, which is directly connected to a drainage system or a water body via continuous impervious surfaces."> '''connected impervious'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Conservation tillage is an agricultural management approach that aims to minimize the frequency or intensity of tillage operations in an effort to promote certain economic and environmental benefits."> '''conservation tillage'''</span>
 
*<span title="A model of a physical system that continuously tracks system response according to a set of equations typically involving differential equations."> '''continuous model'''</span>
 
*<span title="A model of a physical system that continuously tracks system response according to a set of equations typically involving differential equations."> '''continuous model'''</span>
 
*<span title="The total drainage area, including pervious and impervious surfaces, contributing to a BMP"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Contributing_drainage_area_to_stormwater_BMPs contributing drainage area]'''</span>
 
*<span title="The total drainage area, including pervious and impervious surfaces, contributing to a BMP"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Contributing_drainage_area_to_stormwater_BMPs contributing drainage area]'''</span>
 
*<span title="The stormwater runoff volume or pollutant reduction achieved toward meeting a runoff volume or water quality goal."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Overview_of_stormwater_credits '''credit (stormwater credit)''']</span>
 
*<span title="The stormwater runoff volume or pollutant reduction achieved toward meeting a runoff volume or water quality goal."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Overview_of_stormwater_credits '''credit (stormwater credit)''']</span>
 
*<span title="A conventional roof is a standard roof with an impervious surface, such as an asphalt roof"> '''conventional roof'''</span>
 
*<span title="A conventional roof is a standard roof with an impervious surface, such as an asphalt roof"> '''conventional roof'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Crop rotation is the practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in the soil, and combat pest and weed pressure."> '''crop rotation'''</span>
 
*<span title="Curb  cuts allow  stormwater  to enter  a  stormwater  facility  at  specific  points, thus concentrating runoff both in velocity and volume."> '''curb-cut'''</span>
 
*<span title="Curb  cuts allow  stormwater  to enter  a  stormwater  facility  at  specific  points, thus concentrating runoff both in velocity and volume."> '''curb-cut'''</span>
 
*<span title="Is a traffic control measure used to extend the sidewalk, reducing the crossing distance and allowing pedestrians about to cross and approaching vehicle drivers to see each other when vehicles parked in a parking lane would otherwise block visibility."> '''curb bump-out'''</span>
 
*<span title="Is a traffic control measure used to extend the sidewalk, reducing the crossing distance and allowing pedestrians about to cross and approaching vehicle drivers to see each other when vehicles parked in a parking lane would otherwise block visibility."> '''curb bump-out'''</span>
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*<span title="Interception of incoming flow to deflect, scatter, or otherwise neutralize the erosive force of concentrated, moving stormwater."> '''energy dissipation'''</span>
 
*<span title="Interception of incoming flow to deflect, scatter, or otherwise neutralize the erosive force of concentrated, moving stormwater."> '''energy dissipation'''</span>
 
*<span title="Permanent or temporary energy dissipators prevent erosion, turbulence, and turbidity where stormwater pipes or ditches discharge to unprotected areas, such as channel banks, slopes, or upslope outfall locations. Their main purpose is to reduce the speed of concentrated flows to prevent scour at conveyance outlets. This practice is also called Scour Protection or Outlet Protection. Common types of outlet protection devices include concrete aprons, riprap-lined basins, and settling basins. "> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Sediment_control_practices_-_Outlet_energy_dissipation'''energy dissipation''']</span>
 
*<span title="Permanent or temporary energy dissipators prevent erosion, turbulence, and turbidity where stormwater pipes or ditches discharge to unprotected areas, such as channel banks, slopes, or upslope outfall locations. Their main purpose is to reduce the speed of concentrated flows to prevent scour at conveyance outlets. This practice is also called Scour Protection or Outlet Protection. Common types of outlet protection devices include concrete aprons, riprap-lined basins, and settling basins. "> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Sediment_control_practices_-_Outlet_energy_dissipation'''energy dissipation''']</span>
−
*<span title="Engineered media is a mixture of sand, fines (silt, clay), and organic matter utilized in stormwater practices, most frequently in bioretention practices. The media is typically designed to have a rapid infiltration rate, attenuate pollutants, and allow for plant growth."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Materials_specifications_-_filter_media '''engineered media''']</span>
+
*<span title="Engineered media is a mixture of sand, fines (silt, clay), organic matter, and occasionally other amendments (e.g. iron) utilized in stormwater practices, most frequently in bioretention practices. The media is typically designed to have a rapid infiltration rate, attenuate pollutants, and allow for plant growth."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_criteria_for_bioretention#Materials_specifications_-_filter_media '''engineered media''']</span>
 
*<span title="The part of the wellhead protection area that is defined by a one-year time of travel within the aquifer that is used by the public water supply well (Minnesota Rules, part 4720.5250, subpart 3). It is used to set priorities for managing potential contamination sources within the DWSMA. This area is particularly relevant for assessing impacts from potential sources of pathogen contamination because this time of travel is believed to closely correspond with the survival period of many pathogens."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_and_wellhead_protection '''Emergency Response Area''']</span>
 
*<span title="The part of the wellhead protection area that is defined by a one-year time of travel within the aquifer that is used by the public water supply well (Minnesota Rules, part 4720.5250, subpart 3). It is used to set priorities for managing potential contamination sources within the DWSMA. This area is particularly relevant for assessing impacts from potential sources of pathogen contamination because this time of travel is believed to closely correspond with the survival period of many pathogens."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_and_wellhead_protection '''Emergency Response Area''']</span>
 +
*<span title="Environmental justice is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people, regardless of race, color, national origin, or income, with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies."> '''environmental justice'''</span>
 
*<span title="A stream that flows only briefly during and following a period of rainfall in the immediate locality."> '''ephemeral stream'''</span>
 
*<span title="A stream that flows only briefly during and following a period of rainfall in the immediate locality."> '''ephemeral stream'''</span>
 
*<span title="typically biodegradable, open-weave blankets that provide temporary cover and support for establishing vegetation on bare soil areas."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Erosion_prevention_practices_-_erosion_control_blankets_and_anchoring_devices '''erosion control blankets''']</span>
 
*<span title="typically biodegradable, open-weave blankets that provide temporary cover and support for establishing vegetation on bare soil areas."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Erosion_prevention_practices_-_erosion_control_blankets_and_anchoring_devices '''erosion control blankets''']</span>
 
*<span title="A kind of mulch made of partially composted bark, sand, gravel, stone and wood fragments"> '''erosion control mix'''</span>
 
*<span title="A kind of mulch made of partially composted bark, sand, gravel, stone and wood fragments"> '''erosion control mix'''</span>
 
*<span title="Practices designed to prevent or minimize erosion> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Erosion_prevention_practices '''erosion protection''']</span>
 
*<span title="Practices designed to prevent or minimize erosion> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Erosion_prevention_practices '''erosion protection''']</span>
 +
*<span title="A lake rich in nutrients and so supporting a dense plant population, the decomposition of which kills animal life by depriving it of oxygen."> '''eutrophic'''</span>
 
*<span title="Loss of water to the atmosphere as a result of the joint processes of evaporation and transpiration through vegetation"> '''evapotranspiration'''</span>
 
*<span title="Loss of water to the atmosphere as a result of the joint processes of evaporation and transpiration through vegetation"> '''evapotranspiration'''</span>
 
*<span title="The average pollutant concentration for a given stormwater event, expressed in units of mass per volume (e.g., mg/L)"> '''event mean concentration'''</span>
 
*<span title="The average pollutant concentration for a given stormwater event, expressed in units of mass per volume (e.g., mg/L)"> '''event mean concentration'''</span>
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*<span title="The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) is calculated as follows: ESP = Exchangeable {(Na)/(Ca + Mg + K + Na)} x 100"> '''exchangeable sodium percent'''</span>
 
*<span title="The exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) is calculated as follows: ESP = Exchangeable {(Na)/(Ca + Mg + K + Na)} x 100"> '''exchangeable sodium percent'''</span>
 
*<span title="An amount of pollutant, usually expressed in mass per unit area per unit time, transported off-site, most often with stormwater runoff"> '''export'''</span>
 
*<span title="An amount of pollutant, usually expressed in mass per unit area per unit time, transported off-site, most often with stormwater runoff"> '''export'''</span>
−
*<span title="An extensive green roof has growing medium that is 6 inches or less deep"> '''extensive roofs'''</span>
+
*<span title="An extensive green roof has growing medium that is 6 inches or less deep"> '''extensive green roofs'''</span>
  
 
==F==
 
==F==
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*<span title="A type of materials that collects sediments while permeable to water."> '''filter fabric''' </span>
 
*<span title="A type of materials that collects sediments while permeable to water."> '''filter fabric''' </span>
 
*<span title="an area of permanent vegetation or other material used to reduce sediment, organics, nutrients, pesticides, and other contaminants from runoff and to maintain or improve water quality.> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Overview_for_pretreatment_vegetated_filter_strips filter strip]'''</span>
 
*<span title="an area of permanent vegetation or other material used to reduce sediment, organics, nutrients, pesticides, and other contaminants from runoff and to maintain or improve water quality.> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Overview_for_pretreatment_vegetated_filter_strips filter strip]'''</span>
−
*<span title="Filtration Best Management Practices (BMPs) treat urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 acres or less) and are primarily designed for pollutant removal. They are effective at removing total suspended solids (TSS), particulate phosphorus, metals, and most organics. They are less effective for soluble pollutants such as dissolved phosphorus, chloride, and nitrate."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration '''filtration''']</span>
+
*<span title="Filtration Best Management Practices (BMPs) treat urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 acres or less) and are primarily designed for pollutant removal. They are effective at removing total suspended solids (TSS), particulate phosphorus, metals, and most organics. They are less effective for soluble pollutants such as dissolved phosphorus, chloride, and nitrate."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_filtration_Best_Management_Practices '''filtration''']</span>
 
*<span title="Soil with a diameter of 0.063 mm to 0.2 mm"> '''fine sand'''</span>
 
*<span title="Soil with a diameter of 0.063 mm to 0.2 mm"> '''fine sand'''</span>
 
*<span title="the condition in which a project site does not pose any additional sediment discharge risk than it did prior to beginning project construction"> '''final stabilization'''</span>
 
*<span title="the condition in which a project site does not pose any additional sediment discharge risk than it did prior to beginning project construction"> '''final stabilization'''</span>
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*<span title="Synonymous with slope or incline."> '''grade'''</span>
 
*<span title="Synonymous with slope or incline."> '''grade'''</span>
 
*<span title="A grade control structure is used to stabilize a stream, grassed waterway, or gully to reduce channel bed erosion."> '''grade control structures'''</span>
 
*<span title="A grade control structure is used to stabilize a stream, grassed waterway, or gully to reduce channel bed erosion."> '''grade control structures'''</span>
 +
*<span title="A grass-lined channel is a graded, vegetated channel that collects and conveys stormwater while encouraging infiltration into the ground."> '''grass channel'''</span>
 
*<span title="Gray stormwater is designed to move urban stormwater away from the built environment and includes curbs, gutters, drains, piping, and collection systems. Generally, traditional gray infrastructure collects and conveys stormwater from impervious surfaces, such as roadways, parking lots and rooftops, into a series of piping that ultimately discharges untreated stormwater into a local water body."> '''gray infrastructure'''</span>
 
*<span title="Gray stormwater is designed to move urban stormwater away from the built environment and includes curbs, gutters, drains, piping, and collection systems. Generally, traditional gray infrastructure collects and conveys stormwater from impervious surfaces, such as roadways, parking lots and rooftops, into a series of piping that ultimately discharges untreated stormwater into a local water body."> '''gray infrastructure'''</span>
−
*<span title="Green Infrastructure refers to ecological systems, both natural and engineered, that act as living infrastructure. Green Infrastructure elements are planned and managed primarily for stormwater control, but also exhibit social, economic and environmental benefits (Syracuse University)."> '''Green infrastructure'''</span>
+
*<span title="Green Infrastructure refers to ecological systems, both natural and engineered, that act as living infrastructure. Green Infrastructure elements are planned and managed primarily for stormwater control, but also exhibit social, economic and environmental benefits (Syracuse University)."> '''green infrastructure'''</span>
 
*<span title="Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) describes practices that use natural systems (or engineered systems that mimic or use natural processes) to capture, clean, and infiltrate stormwater; shade and cool surfaces and buildings; reduce flooding, create wildlife habitat; and provide other services that improve environmental quality and communities’ quality of life. (City of Tucson)"> '''green stormwater infrastructure'''</span>
 
*<span title="Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) describes practices that use natural systems (or engineered systems that mimic or use natural processes) to capture, clean, and infiltrate stormwater; shade and cool surfaces and buildings; reduce flooding, create wildlife habitat; and provide other services that improve environmental quality and communities’ quality of life. (City of Tucson)"> '''green stormwater infrastructure'''</span>
 
*<span title="Green roofs consist of a series of layers that create an environment suitable for plant growth without damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/ detention."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Green_roofs green roof]'''</span>
 
*<span title="Green roofs consist of a series of layers that create an environment suitable for plant growth without damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/ detention."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Green_roofs green roof]'''</span>
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*<span title="An intensive green roof has growing medium that is 6 inches or more deep"> '''intensive roof'''</span>
 
*<span title="An intensive green roof has growing medium that is 6 inches or more deep"> '''intensive roof'''</span>
 
*<span title="Interception refers to precipitation that does not reach the soil, but is instead intercepted by the leaves, branches of plants and the forest floor"> '''interception'''</span>
 
*<span title="Interception refers to precipitation that does not reach the soil, but is instead intercepted by the leaves, branches of plants and the forest floor"> '''interception'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Intercropping is a multiple cropping practice that involves growing two or more crops in proximity. In other words, intercropping is the cultivation of two or more crops simultaneously on the same field."> '''intercropping'''</span>
 
*<span title="An invasive species is an organism, including plants, that is not indigenous, or native, to a particular area and that can cause great economic and environmental harm."> '''invasive species'''</span>
 
*<span title="An invasive species is an organism, including plants, that is not indigenous, or native, to a particular area and that can cause great economic and environmental harm."> '''invasive species'''</span>
 
*<span title="A well-defined channel that contains. water for only part of the year, typically during winter and spring when the aquatic."> '''intermittent flow channel'''</span>
 
*<span title="A well-defined channel that contains. water for only part of the year, typically during winter and spring when the aquatic."> '''intermittent flow channel'''</span>
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*<span title="A soil with roughly equal proportions of clay, silt, and sand"> '''loam'''</span>
 
*<span title="A soil with roughly equal proportions of clay, silt, and sand"> '''loam'''</span>
 
*<span title="The slope spanning the length of a body"> '''longitudinal slope'''</span>
 
*<span title="The slope spanning the length of a body"> '''longitudinal slope'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Systems and practices that use or mimic natural processes that result in the infiltration, evapotranspiration or use of stormwater in order to protect water quality and associated aquatic habitat."> '''low impact development (LID)'''</span>
 
*<span title="Low permeability soils typically have low infiltration rates, less than 0.1 inches per hour. These are Hydrologic Soil Group D soils"> '''low permeability soils'''</span>
 
*<span title="Low permeability soils typically have low infiltration rates, less than 0.1 inches per hour. These are Hydrologic Soil Group D soils"> '''low permeability soils'''</span>
 +
*<span title="A lysimeter is a device or apparatus that measures water movement in the soil, edaphic or vadose zone."> '''lysimeter'''</span>
  
 
==M==
 
==M==
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*<span title="Characterized by, relating to, or requiring a moderate amount of moisture a mesic habitat"> '''mesic'''</span>
 
*<span title="Characterized by, relating to, or requiring a moderate amount of moisture a mesic habitat"> '''mesic'''</span>
 
*<span title="The middle layer of the pericarp of a fruit, between the endocarp and the exocarp"> '''mesocarp'''</span>
 
*<span title="The middle layer of the pericarp of a fruit, between the endocarp and the exocarp"> '''mesocarp'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Mesotrophic lakes contain moderate amounts of nutrients, and contain healthy, diverse populations of aquatic plants, algae, and fish."> '''mesotrophic'''</span>
 
*<span title="A microclimate (or micro-climate) is a local set of atmospheric conditions that differ from those in the surrounding areas, often with a slight difference but sometimes with a substantial one. The term may refer to areas as small as a few square meters or square feet (for example a garden bed or a cave) or as large as many square kilometers or square miles."> '''microclimate'''</span>
 
*<span title="A microclimate (or micro-climate) is a local set of atmospheric conditions that differ from those in the surrounding areas, often with a slight difference but sometimes with a substantial one. The term may refer to areas as small as a few square meters or square feet (for example a garden bed or a cave) or as large as many square kilometers or square miles."> '''microclimate'''</span>
 
*<span title="A tool to simulate natural processes and estimate the expected volume, rate, or quality of stormwater"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Introduction_to_stormwater_modeling '''model''']</span>
 
*<span title="A tool to simulate natural processes and estimate the expected volume, rate, or quality of stormwater"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Introduction_to_stormwater_modeling '''model''']</span>
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*<span title="A species that has been observed in the form of a naturally occurring and self-sustaining population in historical times. Non-natives do not meet this definition."> '''native species'''</span>
 
*<span title="A species that has been observed in the form of a naturally occurring and self-sustaining population in historical times. Non-natives do not meet this definition."> '''native species'''</span>
 
*<span title="The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) addresses water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants to Waters of the United States (WOTUS)"> '''NPDES'''</span>
 
*<span title="The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) addresses water pollution by regulating point sources that discharge pollutants to Waters of the United States (WOTUS)"> '''NPDES'''</span>
 +
*<span title="The biological oxidation of ammonia or ammonium to nitrite followed by the oxidation of the nitrite to nitrate."> '''nitrification'''</span>
 
*<span title="A potent greenhouse gas emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, combustion of fossil fuels and solid waste, as well as during treatment of wastewater"> '''nitrous oxide'''</span>
 
*<span title="A potent greenhouse gas emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, combustion of fossil fuels and solid waste, as well as during treatment of wastewater"> '''nitrous oxide'''</span>
 
*<span title="Stormwater practices that are not permanent, physical devices or structures but that reduce pollutant loading. Examples include street sweeping, pollution prevention, education, impervious surface disconnection, and illicit discharge disconnection."> '''non-structural practice'''</span>
 
*<span title="Stormwater practices that are not permanent, physical devices or structures but that reduce pollutant loading. Examples include street sweeping, pollution prevention, education, impervious surface disconnection, and illicit discharge disconnection."> '''non-structural practice'''</span>
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*<span title="Permeable pavements allow stormwater runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for temporary storage and/or infiltration. The most commonly used permeable pavement surfaces are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP)."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Permeable_pavement permeable pavement]'''</span>
 
*<span title="Permeable pavements allow stormwater runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for temporary storage and/or infiltration. The most commonly used permeable pavement surfaces are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP)."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Permeable_pavement permeable pavement]'''</span>
 
*<span title="a subsurface emplacement of reactive materials through which a dissolved contaminant plume must move as it flows. Treated water exits the other side of the permeable barrier. This method may utilize bilogical or chemical methods for pollutant removal."> '''permeable reactive barrier'''</span>
 
*<span title="a subsurface emplacement of reactive materials through which a dissolved contaminant plume must move as it flows. Treated water exits the other side of the permeable barrier. This method may utilize bilogical or chemical methods for pollutant removal."> '''permeable reactive barrier'''</span>
 +
*<span title="The permeameter is a laboratory tool to measure the saturated permeability, or K-factor, of soil samples."> '''permeameter'''</span>
 
*<span title="The Phase I program for MS4s requires operators of “medium” and “large” MS4s, that is, those that generally serve populations of 100,000 or greater, to implement a stormwater management program as a means to control polluted discharges from these MS4s"> '''Phase 1'''</span>
 
*<span title="The Phase I program for MS4s requires operators of “medium” and “large” MS4s, that is, those that generally serve populations of 100,000 or greater, to implement a stormwater management program as a means to control polluted discharges from these MS4s"> '''Phase 1'''</span>
 
*<span title="The Stormwater Phase II Rule extends coverage of the NPDES stormwater program to certain “small” MS4s but takes a slightly different approach to how the stormwater management program is developed and implemented."> '''Phase 2'''</span>
 
*<span title="The Stormwater Phase II Rule extends coverage of the NPDES stormwater program to certain “small” MS4s but takes a slightly different approach to how the stormwater management program is developed and implemented."> '''Phase 2'''</span>
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*<span title="The Rational Method is a simple hydrologic calculation of peak flow based on drainage area, rainfall intensity, and a non-dimensional runoff coefficient. The peak flow is calculated as the rainfall intensity in inches per hour multiplied by the runoff coefficient and the drainage area in acres. The peak flow, Q, is calculated in cubic feet per second (cfs) as Q = CiA where C is the runoff coefficient, i is the rainfall intensity, and A is the drainage area. A conversion factor of 1.008 is necessary to convert acre-inches per hour to cfs, but this is typically not used. This method is best used only for simple approximations of peak flow from small watersheds."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=The_Simple_Method_for_estimating_phosphorus_export '''Rational Method''']</span>
 
*<span title="The Rational Method is a simple hydrologic calculation of peak flow based on drainage area, rainfall intensity, and a non-dimensional runoff coefficient. The peak flow is calculated as the rainfall intensity in inches per hour multiplied by the runoff coefficient and the drainage area in acres. The peak flow, Q, is calculated in cubic feet per second (cfs) as Q = CiA where C is the runoff coefficient, i is the rainfall intensity, and A is the drainage area. A conversion factor of 1.008 is necessary to convert acre-inches per hour to cfs, but this is typically not used. This method is best used only for simple approximations of peak flow from small watersheds."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=The_Simple_Method_for_estimating_phosphorus_export '''Rational Method''']</span>
 
*<span title="The recurrence interval (sometimes called the return period) is based on the probability that the given event will be equaled or exceeded for a specific time period (e.g. one year)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Rainfall_frequency_maps '''recurrence interval''']</span>
 
*<span title="The recurrence interval (sometimes called the return period) is based on the probability that the given event will be equaled or exceeded for a specific time period (e.g. one year)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Rainfall_frequency_maps '''recurrence interval''']</span>
 +
*<span title="redoximorphic refers to the reduction and oxidation chemical reactions and the resulting appearance or morphology of the soil horizon"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Identifying_and_characterizing_redoximorphic_features_in_soils_and_soil_borings '''redoximorphic''']</span>
 
*<span title="A stream, river, lake, ocean, or other surface or groundwaters into which treated or untreated wastewater is discharged"> '''receiving water'''</span>
 
*<span title="A stream, river, lake, ocean, or other surface or groundwaters into which treated or untreated wastewater is discharged"> '''receiving water'''</span>
 
*<span title="Use of more than one BMP to provide additional treatment or protection"> '''redundant'''</span>
 
*<span title="Use of more than one BMP to provide additional treatment or protection"> '''redundant'''</span>
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*<span title="an instrument probe that automatically transmits information about its surroundings underground, under water, in the atmosphere, etc."> '''sonde'''</span>
 
*<span title="an instrument probe that automatically transmits information about its surroundings underground, under water, in the atmosphere, etc."> '''sonde'''</span>
 
*<span title="Absorption and adsorption considered as a single process"> '''sorption'''</span>
 
*<span title="Absorption and adsorption considered as a single process"> '''sorption'''</span>
−
*<span title="Waters with qualities that warrant extra protection"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Special_Waters_and_Impaired_Waters '''special water''']</span>
+
*<span title="Waters with qualities that warrant extra protection"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Construction_stormwater_program#Special_Waters_and_Impaired_Waters '''special water''']</span>
 
*<span title="The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a standard, usually water for a liquid or solid, and air for a gas"> '''specific gravity'''</span>
 
*<span title="The ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a standard, usually water for a liquid or solid, and air for a gas"> '''specific gravity'''</span>
 
*<span title="An Emergency Response Plan defines the actions taken in the initial minutes of an emergency, such as a spill of hazardous material (e.g. gasoline)."> '''spill response plan'''</span>
 
*<span title="An Emergency Response Plan defines the actions taken in the initial minutes of an emergency, such as a spill of hazardous material (e.g. gasoline)."> '''spill response plan'''</span>
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*<span title="A step pool is a designed feature that is intended to reduce, treat, and, in some cases, infiltrate higher velocity stormwater.">'''step pool'''</span>
 
*<span title="A step pool is a designed feature that is intended to reduce, treat, and, in some cases, infiltrate higher velocity stormwater.">'''step pool'''</span>
 
*<span title="The force required to move a sphere through a given viscous fluid at a low uniform velocity is directly proportional to the velocity and radius of the sphere."> '''Stoke's Law'''</span>
 
*<span title="The force required to move a sphere through a given viscous fluid at a low uniform velocity is directly proportional to the velocity and radius of the sphere."> '''Stoke's Law'''</span>
 +
*<span title="A technique, measure, or structural control that is used for a given set of conditions to manage the quantity and improve the quality of stormwater runoff in the most cost-effective manner (US EPA)."> '''stormwater control measure'''</span>
 
*<span title="A stormwater conveyance channel is a permanent waterway, designed to convey stormwater runoff."> '''stormwater conveyance channel'''</span>
 
*<span title="A stormwater conveyance channel is a permanent waterway, designed to convey stormwater runoff."> '''stormwater conveyance channel'''</span>
 
*<span title="Stormwater Hotspots (PSHs) are activities or practices that have the potential to produce relatively high levels of stormwater pollutants"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Potential_stormwater_hotspots stormwater hotspot]'''</span>
 
*<span title="Stormwater Hotspots (PSHs) are activities or practices that have the potential to produce relatively high levels of stormwater pollutants"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Potential_stormwater_hotspots stormwater hotspot]'''</span>
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*<span title="The amount of a pollutant from both point and nonpoint sources that a waterbody can receive and still meet water quality standards"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Total_Maximum_Daily_Loads_(TMDLs) '''total maximum daily load''']</span>
 
*<span title="The amount of a pollutant from both point and nonpoint sources that a waterbody can receive and still meet water quality standards"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Total_Maximum_Daily_Loads_(TMDLs) '''total maximum daily load''']</span>
 
*<span title="The sum of all forms of phosphorus (particulate and dissolved)"> '''total phosphorus'''</span>
 
*<span title="The sum of all forms of phosphorus (particulate and dissolved)"> '''total phosphorus'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Transmissivity describes the ability of a media to transmit water throughout its entire saturated thickness"> '''transmissivity'''</span>
 
*<span title="The loss of water as vapor from plants at their surfaces, primarily through stomata."> '''transpiration'''</span>
 
*<span title="The loss of water as vapor from plants at their surfaces, primarily through stomata."> '''transpiration'''</span>
 
*<span title="A sturdy cage-like stormwater filtration structure that keeps large debris and trash out of stormwater systems and waterways."> '''trash rack'''</span>
 
*<span title="A sturdy cage-like stormwater filtration structure that keeps large debris and trash out of stormwater systems and waterways."> '''trash rack'''</span>
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*<span title="A practice, device or structure designed to treat stormwater runoff (i.e. remove pollutants from stormwater). These include structural practices such as rain gardens, and non-strutural practices such as street sweeping."> '''treatment practice'''</span>
 
*<span title="A practice, device or structure designed to treat stormwater runoff (i.e. remove pollutants from stormwater). These include structural practices such as rain gardens, and non-strutural practices such as street sweeping."> '''treatment practice'''</span>
 
*<span title="Multiple BMPs that work together to remove pollutants utilizing combinations of hydraulic, physical, biological, and chemical methods"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Using_the_treatment_train_approach_to_BMP_selection '''treatment train''']</span>
 
*<span title="Multiple BMPs that work together to remove pollutants utilizing combinations of hydraulic, physical, biological, and chemical methods"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Using_the_treatment_train_approach_to_BMP_selection '''treatment train''']</span>
 +
*<span Title="Tree box filters are widely deployed as stormwater treatment BMPs, normally in stand-alone applications, however can also be used as pretreatment for infiltration, rainwater harvesting, and detention."> '''tree box'''</span>
 
*<span title="A tree inventory is a record of location and characteristics of individual trees and, sometimes, characteristics of their environs, within a defined geographic area. For municipalities, tree inventories typically include street trees and trees in parks or other municipally owned properties."> '''tree inventory'''</span>
 
*<span title="A tree inventory is a record of location and characteristics of individual trees and, sometimes, characteristics of their environs, within a defined geographic area. For municipalities, tree inventories typically include street trees and trees in parks or other municipally owned properties."> '''tree inventory'''</span>
 +
*<span title="A tree trench, often known as a "vertical rain garden," is a system that consists of piping for water storage, structural soils and a tree."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Trees tree trench]'''</span>
 +
*<span title="A business concept that posits firms should commit to measuring their social and environmental impact—in addition to their financial performance—rather than solely focusing on generating profit"> '''triple bottom line'''</span>
 
*<span title="Turbidity is the cloudiness of a fluid caused by individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. Turbid water has a large number of particles suspended in water and therefore appears cloudy."> '''turbid'''</span>
 
*<span title="Turbidity is the cloudiness of a fluid caused by individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. Turbid water has a large number of particles suspended in water and therefore appears cloudy."> '''turbid'''</span>
 
*<span title="A dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment, such as air or water. It is used in the drag equation in which a lower drag coefficient indicates the object will have less aerodynamic or hydrodynamic drag. The drag coefficient is always associated with a particular surface area."> '''turbulent drag'''</span>
 
*<span title="A dimensionless quantity that is used to quantify the drag or resistance of an object in a fluid environment, such as air or water. It is used in the drag equation in which a lower drag coefficient indicates the object will have less aerodynamic or hydrodynamic drag. The drag coefficient is always associated with a particular surface area."> '''turbulent drag'''</span>
 
*<span title="Turf reinforcement mats (TRMs) are synthetic, non-degradable soil and seedbed covers of variable thickness designed to provide short-term protection against raindrop and wind erosion, permanent support for vegetation on slopes, and permanent armoring and vegetation support for ditches, swales, and channels."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Erosion_prevention_practices_-_turf_reinforcement_mats '''turf reinforcement mat''']</span>
 
*<span title="Turf reinforcement mats (TRMs) are synthetic, non-degradable soil and seedbed covers of variable thickness designed to provide short-term protection against raindrop and wind erosion, permanent support for vegetation on slopes, and permanent armoring and vegetation support for ditches, swales, and channels."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Erosion_prevention_practices_-_turf_reinforcement_mats '''turf reinforcement mat''']</span>
 
*<span title="Two-stage  channel  systems  consist  of  an  inset  channel  and  small  floodplain (benches) within the ditch confines. "> '''two-stage channel'''</span>
 
*<span title="Two-stage  channel  systems  consist  of  an  inset  channel  and  small  floodplain (benches) within the ditch confines. "> '''two-stage channel'''</span>
−
*<span title="A rainfall distribution characterized by short duration, high intensity rainfall"> '''[https://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/ftpref/wntsc/H&H/NEHhydrology/ch4_Sept2015draft.pdf Type 2 rain distribution]'''</span>
+
*<span title="A rainfall distribution characterized by short duration, high intensity rainfall"> '''[https://www.hec.usace.army.mil/confluence/hmsdocs/hmstrm/precipitation/scs-storm Type 2 rain distribution]'''</span>
  
 
==U==
 
==U==
Line 449: Line 472:
  
 
==V==
 
==V==
 +
*<span title="The vadose zone is the variably saturated zone between the ground surface and the permanent water table of the groundwater."> '''vadose zone'''</span>
 
*<span title="Vanes are channel-spanning structures that provide grade control, dissipate energy, deflect stream flow to the center of the channel, and create pools"> '''vane weir structures'''</span>
 
*<span title="Vanes are channel-spanning structures that provide grade control, dissipate energy, deflect stream flow to the center of the channel, and create pools"> '''vane weir structures'''</span>
 
*<span title="Vegetative filtering is the removal of sediment, nutrients, or pollutants by plant structures"> '''vegetative filtering'''</span>
 
*<span title="Vegetative filtering is the removal of sediment, nutrients, or pollutants by plant structures"> '''vegetative filtering'''</span>
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*<span title="A shallow channel with sloping sides that is stabilized with vegetation to serve as a filtration device to capture sediments and transport water."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Dry_swale_(Grass_swale) vegetated swale]'''</span>
 
*<span title="A shallow channel with sloping sides that is stabilized with vegetation to serve as a filtration device to capture sediments and transport water."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Dry_swale_(Grass_swale) vegetated swale]'''</span>
 
*<span title="The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate. "> '''viscosity'''</span>
 
*<span title="The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate. "> '''viscosity'''</span>
 +
*<span title="Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have a high vapor pressure and are emitted as gases from certain solids or liquids."> '''volatile organic compounds'''</span>
 
*<span title="Volatilization is the process whereby a dissolved sample is vaporised"> '''volatilization'''</span>
 
*<span title="Volatilization is the process whereby a dissolved sample is vaporised"> '''volatilization'''</span>
  
Line 464: Line 489:
 
*<span title="Water quality standards (WQS) are provisions of state, territorial, authorized tribal or federal law approved by EPA that describe the desired condition of a water body and the means by which that condition will be protected or achieved."> '''water quality standard'''</span>
 
*<span title="Water quality standards (WQS) are provisions of state, territorial, authorized tribal or federal law approved by EPA that describe the desired condition of a water body and the means by which that condition will be protected or achieved."> '''water quality standard'''</span>
 
*<span title="The volume of water that is treated by a BMP."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Water_quality_criteria '''Water Quality Volume''']</span>
 
*<span title="The volume of water that is treated by a BMP."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Water_quality_criteria '''Water Quality Volume''']</span>
−
*<span title="The water table is the upper surface of the zone of saturation. The zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with water. ... Below the water table, in the phreatic zone (zone of saturation), layers of permeable rock that yield groundwater are called aquifers."> '''A water table aquifer'''</span>
+
*<span title="The water table is the upper surface of the zone of saturation. The zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with water. ... Below the water table, in the phreatic zone (zone of saturation), layers of permeable rock that yield groundwater are called aquifers."> '''water table'''</span>
 
*<span title="A process, including a report, to identify and address threats to water quality in major watershed"> '''[https://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/watershed-approach-restoring-and-protecting-water-quality Watershed Restoration and Protection Strategy]'''</span>
 
*<span title="A process, including a report, to identify and address threats to water quality in major watershed"> '''[https://www.pca.state.mn.us/water/watershed-approach-restoring-and-protecting-water-quality Watershed Restoration and Protection Strategy]'''</span>
 
*<span title="Wave energy (or wave power) is the transport and capture of energy by surface water waves"> '''wave energy'''</span>
 
*<span title="Wave energy (or wave power) is the transport and capture of energy by surface water waves"> '''wave energy'''</span>
Line 473: Line 498:
 
*wet storage
 
*wet storage
 
*<span title="Wet swales occur when the water table is located very close to the surface or water does not readily drain out of the swale. A wet swale acts as a very long and linear shallow biofiltration or linear wetland treatment system."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Wet_swale_(wetland_channel) '''wet swale''']</span>
 
*<span title="Wet swales occur when the water table is located very close to the surface or water does not readily drain out of the swale. A wet swale acts as a very long and linear shallow biofiltration or linear wetland treatment system."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Wet_swale_(wetland_channel) '''wet swale''']</span>
 +
*<span title="The interface between soil that is unchanged from the initial state and the newly wetted zone from an infiltration or irrigation event."> '''wetting front'''</span>
 
*<span title="The wilting point, also called the permanent wilting point, may be defined as the amount of water per unit weight or per unit soil bulk volume in the soil, expressed in percent, that is held so tightly by the soil matrix that roots cannot absorb this water and a plant will wilt."> '''wilting point'''</span>
 
*<span title="The wilting point, also called the permanent wilting point, may be defined as the amount of water per unit weight or per unit soil bulk volume in the soil, expressed in percent, that is held so tightly by the soil matrix that roots cannot absorb this water and a plant will wilt."> '''wilting point'''</span>
 
*<span title="A stormwater quality model developed for the USGS by John Voorhees and Robert Pitt for evaluation of nonpoint pollution in urban areas. The model is based on field observations of grass swales, wet detention ponds, porous pavement, filter strips, cisterns and rain barrels, hydrodynamic settling devices, rain gardens/biofilters and street sweeping, as either other source area or outfall control practices. The focus of the model is on small storm hydrology and particulate washoff."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Available_stormwater_models_and_selecting_a_model#WinSLAMM '''WinSLAMM''']</span>
 
*<span title="A stormwater quality model developed for the USGS by John Voorhees and Robert Pitt for evaluation of nonpoint pollution in urban areas. The model is based on field observations of grass swales, wet detention ponds, porous pavement, filter strips, cisterns and rain barrels, hydrodynamic settling devices, rain gardens/biofilters and street sweeping, as either other source area or outfall control practices. The focus of the model is on small storm hydrology and particulate washoff."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Available_stormwater_models_and_selecting_a_model#WinSLAMM '''WinSLAMM''']</span>
Line 481: Line 507:
  
 
==Z==
 
==Z==
 +
 +
[[Category:Level 2 - General information, reference, tables, images, and archives/Reference]]

Latest revision as of 14:34, 22 January 2023

Hover boxes allow the user to hover over bolded text and see a definition for that text. If the bolded text is blue, there is a link to more information.

We have only begun to use them since June, 2019. When we modify older pages, we will incorporate hover boxes into updates.

This page lists standard definitions used in hover boxes throughout this manual. Hover your mouse over any bolded term and a definition will be displayed. This list will continue to expand as new terms are encountered. You'll note that some terms have not yet been defined (not bolded).

A

  • active karst
  • aggregate
  • aggregation
  • alum
  • aliphatic
  • aliquot
  • anthropogenic
  • antidegradation
  • aquatic habitat
  • armoring
  • aromatic
  • arterial roads
  • anoxic
  • as-built
  • aspect
  • available water capacity

B

  • baffle
  • bank stabilization
  • baseflow
  • baseline condition
  • baseline year
  • base saturation
  • basin
  • bathymetric survey
  • berm
  • best management practice
  • Better Site Design
  • biochar
  • bioavailable
  • biodegradation
  • biofiltration
  • bioinfiltration
  • biological oxygen demand
  • biomass
  • bioreactor
  • bioretention practice
  • Bioswale
  • biotic impairment
  • blue-green infrastructure
  • bmp lifespan
  • bounce
  • breakthrough
  • brownfield
  • Brushing
  • buffer zones
  • build-up
  • bulk density
  • bypass flow

Ca-Cl

  • C-33 sand
  • carbon sequestration
  • catch basin
  • catchment
  • categorical wasteload allocation
  • cation exchange capacity
  • cellulose
  • chain of custody
  • channelized flow
  • chemical oxygen demand
  • check dam
  • chelating agent
  • cistern
  • clay
  • claypan
  • Clean Water Act
  • climate adaptation

Cm-Cz

D

E

F

  • feedstock
  • fiber roll
  • field capacity
  • fill
  • filter fabric
  • filter strip
  • filtration
  • fine sand
  • final stabilization
  • fine textured soil
  • first flush
  • flash
  • floatables
  • flocculant
  • flocculation
  • flow path
  • flow-through device
  • flow-weighted mean concentration
  • fluvial systems
  • footprint
  • forebay
  • fractured flow
  • functional group

G

  • Geographic Information System (GIS)
  • geometric mean
  • geotextile
  • Global Positioning System (GPS)
  • grade
  • grade control structures
  • grass channel
  • gray infrastructure
  • green infrastructure
  • green stormwater infrastructure
  • green roof
  • green space
  • geotextile
  • gross solids
  • grubbing

H

  • hardness
  • harvest and reuse
  • heat island
  • herbaceous perennial
  • herbivory
  • High-density polyethylene
  • highly urban and ultra-urban environments
  • hopper
  • hydraulic conductivity (k)
  • hydraulic grade line
  • hydraulic gradient (i),
  • hydraulic head
  • hydraulic model
  • hydric
  • hydrocarbon
  • hydrodynamic separator
  • hydrogeology
  • hydrologic soil group
  • hydrometer
  • hydroseed

I

J

K

L

  • large lot residential
  • leaching
  • level spreader
  • lidar
  • lignin
  • live storage
  • loam
  • longitudinal slope
  • low impact development (LID)
  • low permeability soils
  • lysimeter

M

  • macropore
  • manhole
  • manufactured treatment device
  • media
  • mesic
  • mesocarp
  • mesotrophic
  • microclimate
  • model
  • moderate to steep slopes
  • mounding
  • MS4 (Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System)
  • mulching

N

  • native species
  • NPDES
  • nitrification
  • nitrous oxide
  • non-structural practice
  • Notice of Termination
  • nutrient cycling

O

Pa-Pm

  • P8
  • particle size distribution
  • particulate phosphorus
  • particulate matter (air)
  • particulate matter (water)
  • ped
  • pathogen
  • perennial
  • perennial stream
  • performance goal
  • perimeter control
  • permanent cover
  • permanent pool
  • permanent stormwater management
  • permeable pavement
  • permeable reactive barrier
  • permeameter
  • Phase 1
  • Phase 2
  • physically-based model
  • pilings
  • plug flow
  • plugs
  • point of discharge

Pn-Pz

  • pollution prevention
  • polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
  • polymer
  • porosity (f)
  • Portland cement concrete
  • Prairie du Chien formation
  • Prescribed burning
  • pre-settlement
  • pretreatment
  • pre-wetting
  • primary treatment practice
  • proprietary structures
  • public ditch
  • public water

Q

  • QA/QC
  • Quality Assurance Project Plan

R

Sa-Sn

So-Sz

T

U

  • highly urban and ultra-urban environments
  • underdrain
  • under-draining
  • undersized BMP
  • uniformity coefficient

V

W

X

Y

Z

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This page was last edited on 22 January 2023, at 14:34.