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Minnesota Stormwater Manual

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[[File:Magnifying glass.png|left|thumb|100px|alt=image of magnifying glass used to link users to our help page|<font size=3>Looking for something? Visit our [[Finding a topic|help]] section on finding a topic.</font size>]]
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<th><center><font size=5>'''Welcome to the Minnesota Stormwater Manual wiki'''</font size></center></th>
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<td>The format for this page has changed. If you would like to access the Table of Contents as it previously existed, use the following link.
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*[[Old Minnesota Stormwater Manual Table of Contents|Link to old Table of contents]]
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<!--*[[Old Minnesota Stormwater Manual Main page|Link to old Main page]]-->
  
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[[File:Question.jpg|100px|thumb|alt=clip art question mark|<font size=3>[[Quick guide|I knew where it was in the old Manual but where is it now?]]</font size>]]
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The wiki platform provides multiple options for searching topics. You can find out more on the following pages.
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[[File:logo.jpg|thumb|100px|alt=stormwater manual logo|<font size=3>Access the old [http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/view-document.html?gid=8937 Manual]. Note: this version is not being updated.</font size>]]
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*[[Navigating the website]]
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*[[Finding a topic]]
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*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Help:Contents Help]
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[[File:Navigating the Table of Contents.mp4|150px|thumb|alt=video on navigating the table of contents|Video on navigating the table of contents (6:16 ([https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f-_HgNb4T_A click here for subtitled version])]]
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[[File:Webinar training image.jpg|thumb|150px|alt=image|[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Training_and_webinar_schedule Training and webinar schedule]. Image: Microsoft stock image]]
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[[file:Check it out.png|150px|thumb|alt=check it out image|[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Minnesota_Stormwater_Manual_emails Join our email list]]]
  
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<!--==Table of Contents==-->
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{{alert|'''Hover your mouse over any bolded text to get information on that topic'''|alert-info}}
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The Table of Contents for the Stormwater Manual is provided below. Click on any section within a chapter to go to the selected topic area. You may also conduct a Search to directly find a topic of interest. Guidance for navigation within this website is provided in a [[Guidance on how to use this website and the Manual|guidance document]].
 
  
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Note this web page contains additional articles not included in the original stormwater manual. We anticipate several changes and additional information in the coming month. See the information box below.
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There are multiple ways to search for material in this stormwater manual wiki. The search tool (box) toward the upper right is a powerful tool that searches and sorts by page titles with the defined text and then by pages having the defined text.
  
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The Table of Contents on this page offers two ways to search for information.
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#All pages in this stormwater wiki, including images, tables, and uploaded files, have been assigned to one or more category.
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##When you click on one of the links below you will be taken to a page with all topics, tables, images, etc. placed into that category. Categories are arranged by levels. See the 4th bullet below for information on categories.
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##You will notice text to the right saying either ''Expand'' or ''Collapse''. Click on this to either expand or collapse the topics under that item.
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##All bold text employs hover boxes. Hover your mouse over that text to get a description of what you'll find at that link.
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##The Categories (Index) function can be accessed in the left toolbar or [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Special:Categories at this link]. Descriptions of the Category function can be found [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Finding_a_topic#Categories at this link] (includes videos) or [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Wiki_reorg_categories.pptx on this video].
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#[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Table_of_Contents_test_page#Image_maps You may also use the images at the bottom of this page] to access pages related to best management practices (top image) or by topic (lower image). These are image maps similar to those used in Wikipedia.
  
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If you would like to access the Table of Contents as it previously existed, use the following link: [[Old Minnesota Stormwater Manual Table of Contents|Link to old Table of contents]]
  
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==<span title="Links to pages that identify contributors to material in this manual"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Acknowledgements '''Acknowledgements''']</span>==
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{{alert|To view recent significant content changes or anticipated changes in the near future, see [[What's New]] (left toolber). <!--The What's New page only contains important changes or notifications and will therefore be updated infrequently-->|alert-info}}
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==<span title="Stormwater best management practices (bmps) are structural and non-structural methods or devices used to treat stormwater runoff. Stormwater bmps are also known as stormwater control measures (SCMs). Examples of nonstructural practices include pollution prevention, removal of illicit discharges, and street sweeping. The most widely used structural practices include proprietary practices such as hydrodynamic separators and settling chambers, sedimentation practices such as wet ponds and constructed wetlands, filtration practices such as sand filters and vegetated filters, chemical treatments, impervious surface disconnection, rainwater and stormwater harvest and reuse, and infiltration practices. This category contains subcategories and pages that provide information on best management practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Best_Management_practices Best management practices]</span>==
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:*<span title="This category contains four subcategories: Erosion control practices, sediment control practices, construction tables, and fact sheets"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Construction_practices '''Construction practices''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to pages containing information on erosion prevention, including photos, documents, and other files."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Construction_practices/Erosion_prevention_practices '''Erosion prevention practices''']</span>
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::*<span title="This category provides links to pages that are fact sheets or provide short summaries for construction stormwater best management practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Construction_practices/Fact_or_summary_sheet '''Fact sheets and summary sheets''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to pages containing information on sediment control practices, including photos, documents, and other files."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Construction_practices/Sediment_control_practices '''Sediment control practices''']</span>
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:*<span title="This page provides links to pages providing cost-benefit information for stormwater best management practices"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Cost_benefit '''Cost benefit information''']</span>
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:*<span title="This page (Category) contains a mixture of subcategories and pages that provide general and technical guidance and information on stormwater best management practices. This does not include specifications and detail (e.g. design, construction, O&M)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Guidance_and_information '''Guidance and information''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to overview pages for stormwater best management practices (BMPs), also called stormwater control measures (SCMs). These overview pages typically contain information about the function and suitability of a practice."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Guidance_and_information/BMP_overview '''Overviews of bmps''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to pages that provide information on type and/or terminology for specific bmps."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Guidance_and_information/BMP_types_and_terminology '''BMP types and terminology''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to pages, subcategories, and/or media that provides information on pollutant removal (credits)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Guidance_and_information/Pollutant_removal_and_credits '''Pollutant removal and credits for bmps''']</span>
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:*<span title="Nonstructural stormwater practices are typically not permanent, physical devices or structures but implementation of these practices reduces pollutant loading. Subcategories in this category include better site design, deicing, education, pollution prevention, and street sweeping."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Nonstructural_practices '''Nonstructural practices''']</span>
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::*<span title="Better site design includes a series of techniques that reduce impervious cover, conserve natural areas, and use pervious areas to more effectively treat stormwater runoff and promote the treatment train approach to runoff management. This page provides links to pages addressing better site design."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Nonstructural_practices/Better_site_design '''Better site design''']</span>
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::*<span title="This Category provides links to pages that provide information on deicing and effects of deicing."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Nonstructural_practices/Deicing '''Deicing''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page (Category) contains links to tables that provide information on stormwater education."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Nonstructural_practices/Education '''Education''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page provides links to pages in this manual that provide information on harvest and reuse of stormwater runoff."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Nonstructural_practices/Harvest_and_reuse '''Harvest and reuse''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page provides links to pages in this manual that provide information on pollution prevention practices, though some practices appear in a separate prevention category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Nonstructural_practices/Pollution_prevention '''Pollution prevention''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page contains links to pages that provide information on street sweeping for water quality."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Nonstructural_practices/Street_sweeping '''Street sweeping''']</span>
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:*<span title="Pretreatment practices remove trash, debris, organic materials, coarse sediments, and associated pollutants from runoff prior to entering structural stormwater BMPs. This category includes subcategories on different pretreatment practices, including filtration, settling, screening, and hydrodynamic separation practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Pretreatment_practices '''Pretreatment practices''']</span>
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::*<span title="Hydrodynamic separators are flow-through, often proprietary structures that establish a high-speed rotating flow within a cylindrical chamber. This page provides links to pages addressing pretreatment hydrodynamic separation devices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Pretreatment_practices/Hydrodynamic_separation_devices '''Hydrodynamic separators''']</span>
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::*<span title="Pretreatment practices include screening and straining devices, filtering devices, hydrodynamic separators, above and below ground devices, and other practices that do not readily fit into one of these types of practices. This page (Category) contains links to subcategories and pages that provide information on pretreatment devices that do not fir into one of these types of devices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Pretreatment_practices/Other_pretreatment_practices '''Other pretreatment practices''']</span>
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::*<span title="Screens provide a very specific and limited function of collecting large pollutants from stormwater runoff at defined sites along the stormwater flow network. Screens do not provide volume reduction, peak flow reduction, sedimentation, infiltration, filtration, sorption and biological processes. This page provides links to pages that provide information on pretreatment screening and straining devices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Pretreatment_practices/Screening_and_straining_devices '''Screening and straining practices''']</span>
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::*<span title="Filtration pretreatment practices include proprietary and non-proprietary devices that remove particles by filtration or sieving through media (gravel, sand or other), vegetation, geotextile or fabric material, metal or plastic screen, or other material. This page provides links to pages addressing pretreatment filtration practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Pretreatment_practices/Filtration_devices '''Filtration practices''']</span>
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::*<span title="Settling devices rely primarily on sedimentation, in which coarse sediments and debris sink or fall out of the collected stormwater. Some settling devices also provide secondary screening to improve the capture of floatables and sediment. This page provides links to pages provinging information on pretreatment settling practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Pretreatment_practices/Settling_devices '''Settling devices''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page (Category) contains links to tables that provide information on pretreatment."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Pretreatment_practices/Tables '''Tabled information''']</span>
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:*<span title="This category provides links to information on how to design, construct/build, operate and maintain, and assess the performance of bmps. Numerous tables and images in this manual provide specifications and details."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Specifications_and_details '''Specifications and details''']</span>
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::*<span title="Bmps can be assessed to determine how they are performing and if they are performing at a desired or intended level. This page provides links to pages that provide details about how bmps can be assessed for performance."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Specifications_and_details/Assessing_performance '''Assessing performance''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page provides links to pages that contain information on construction of stormwater bmps."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Specifications_and_details/Construction_specifications '''Construction specifications and recommendations''']</span>
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::*<span title="Best management practice (bmp) design specifications and guidance essentially act as cookbooks, describing how to build the bmp. Design information includes sizing, slope considerations, constraints, permit requirements, soil properties, etc. This page provides links to pages that provide information of how to design best management practices (bmps)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Specifications_and_details/Design_criteria '''Design criteria and recommendations''']</span>
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::*<span title="This page contains images that provide specifications and details, and links to computer aided design and drafting (CADD) files. These files provide specifications and details related to design, construction, operation, and maintnance of stormwater best management practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Specifications_and_details/Images_and_CADD '''Images and CADD''']</span>
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::*<span title="Stormwater best management practices (bmps) must be maintained to keep their effectiveness, whether that be for removing pollutants, retaining runoff, providing habitat, sequestering carbon, and so on. Operation and maintenance (O&M) should be considered in the design and construction phases of bmp selection and implementation. This page provides links to pages that provide information on O&M."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Specifications_and_details/Operation_and_maintenance '''Operation and maintenance''']</span>
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:*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to pages and subcategories that provide information on structural best management practices, including bioretention, tree trenches, swales, media filters, infiltration practices, permeable pavement, green roof, harvest/reuse, and manufactured treatment practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices '''Structural practices''']</span>
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<div class="mw-collapsible-content">'''
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::*<span title="Bioretention practice is a terrestrial-based (up-land as opposed to wetland) water quality and water quantity control process. Bioretention employs a simplistic, site-integrated design that provides opportunity for runoff infiltration, filtration, storage, and water uptake by vegetation. Bioretention is an important green stormwater infrastructure practice. This page (category) provides links to pages that provide information on bioretention. Also included are links to photos, other images, and uploaded documents."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Bioretention '''Bioretention''']</span>
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::*<span title="Wetlands are widely applicable stormwater treatment practices that provide both water quality treatment and water quantity control. Stormwater wetlands are best suited for drainage areas of at least 10 acres. When designed and maintained properly, stormwater wetlands can be an important aesthetic feature of a site. This page provides links to pages that provide information on constructed stormwater wetlands."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Constructed_stormwater_wetland '''Constructed stormwater wetland''']</span>
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::*<span title="Dry swales, sometimes called grass swales, are similar to bioretention cells but are configured as shallow, linear channels. Dry swales function primarily as a conveyance BMP, but provide treatment of stormwater runoff, particularly when used in tandem with check dams that temporarily retain water in a series of cells. Dry swales with an underdrain and engineered soil media are considered a filtration. Dry swales with in-situ soils capable of infiltration, (A or B soils) are considered infiltration practices. Dry swales are designed to prevent standing water. Dry swales typically have vegetative cover such as turf or native perennial grasses. This page provides links to pages that provide information on dry swales."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Dry_swale '''Dry swale''']</span>
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::*<span title="Green roofs consist of a series of layers that create an environment suitable for plant growth without damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/ detention. Green roofs occur at the beginning of treatment trains. Green roofs provide filtering of suspended solids and pollutants associated with those solids, although total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations from traditional roofs are generally low. Green roofs provide both volume and rate control, thus decreasing the stormwater volume being delivered to downstream best management practices (BMPs). This page provides links to pages that provide information on green roofs."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Green_roof '''Green roof''']</span>
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::*<span title="Stormwater infiltration is the process by which rainfall and stormwater runoff flows into and through the subsurface soil. Stormwater infiltration occurs when rainfall lands on pervious surfaces, when runoff flows across pervious surfaces, and when runoff is collected and directed to a stormwater infiltration Best Management Practice (BMP). For the purposes of this manual, infiltration BMPs are considered BMPs without underdrains. This page provides links to pages that provide information on infiltration practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Infiltration_(trench/basin) '''Infiltration trench/basin''']</span>
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::*<span title="Iron-enhanced sand filters are filtration best management practices (BMPs) that incorporate filtration engineered media mixed with iron. The iron removes several dissolved constituents, including phosphate ( dissolved phosphorus), from stormwater. Iron-enhanced sand filters may be particularly useful for achieving low phosphorus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. This page (category) provides links to pages that provide information on iron enhanced sand filters."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Iron_enhanced_sand_filter '''Iron enhanced sand filter''']</span>
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::*<span title="Permeable pavements allow stormwater runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for temporary storage and/or infiltration. The most commonly used permeable pavement surfaces are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP). This page (category) provides links to pages that provide information on permeable pavement."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Permeable_pavement '''Permeable pavement''']</span>
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::*<span title="Proprietary systems are manufactured stormwater best management practice (bmps) and treatment systems available from commercial vendors. This page (Category) includes links to pages that provide information on proprietary practices that are primarily mtds. But we include links to categories having information on pretreatment practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Proprietary_devices '''Proprietary devices''']</span>
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::*<span title="Sand filters, also called media filters or filtration basins, are a stormwater quality treatment system that works by capturing stormwater runoff and allowing this water to percolate through a sand-based filter media. This page (Category) contains links to pages and subcategories that provide information on sand filters, including iron enhanced sand filters."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Sand_filter,_iron_enhanced_sand_filter,_media_filter '''Sand filters, media filters, iron enhanced sand filter''']</span>
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::*<span title="Stormwater step pools are defined by design features that address higher energy flows due to more dramatic slopes than dry swales or wet swales. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, native species vegetation and a sand seepage filter bed, flow velocities are reduced, treated, and, where applicable, infiltrated. This page provides links to pages that provide information on stormwater step pools."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Step_pool '''Step pool swale''']</span>
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::*<span title="Use of trees to manage stormwater runoff encompasses several practices. Tree trenches and tree boxes (collectively called tree BMPs), the most commonly implemented tree BMPs, can be incorporated anywhere in the stormwater treatment train but are most often located in upland areas of the treatment train. This page (Category) provides links to subcategories, pages, and media that provide information for trees and stormwater tree best management practices."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Tree_trench_and_box '''Tree trench/box''']</span>
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::*<span title="Stormwater ponds are typically installed as an end-of-pipe BMP at the downstream end of the treatment train. Stormwater pond size and outflow regulation requirements can be significantly reduced with the use of additional upstream BMPs. However, due to their size and versatility, stormwater ponds are often the only management practice employed at a site and therefore must be designed to provide adequate water quality and water quantity treatment for all regulated storms. This page provides links to pages that provide information on constructed stormwater wet ponds."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Wet_pond '''Wet pond''']</span>
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::*<span title="Wet swales occur when the water table is located very close to the surface or water does not readily drain out of the swale. A wet swale acts as a very long and linear shallow biofiltration or linear wetland treatment system. Wet swales do not provide volume reduction and have limited treatment capability. This page provides links to pages that provide information on wet swales."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Wet_swale '''Wet swale''']</span>
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==<span title="Case studies provide detailed information on actual applications and/or projects. They typically contain a description of the project and other information, such as design, pretreatment practices, pollutant removal, O&M, cost, links, etc. Examples typically provide hypothetical information illustrating a concept or application. An example would be application of a model such as the MIDS Calculator to a hypothetical situation. Some examples, however, are based on actual applications."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Case_studies_and_examples '''Case studies and examples''']</span>==
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:*<span title="This Category contains pages classified as examples. These include examples of forms such as inspection sheets, examples of technical information such as recommended infiltration rates, how-to examples such as how to fill out an application form, etc. Many of these examples are tables, while others contain discussion. If you are trying to locate a specific table, we recommend you search within the Category General information and reference/Tables."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Case_studies_and_examples/Examples '''Examples''']</span>
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:*<span title="Case studies provide detailed information on actual applications and/or projects. They typically contain a description of the project and other information, such as design, pretreatment practices, pollutant removal, O&M, cost, links, etc."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Case_studies_and_examples/Case_studies '''Case studies''']</span>
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<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
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::*<span title="This page provides links to pages providing case studies for best management practices (e.g. bioretention case studies)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Case_studies_and_examples/Case_studies/BMPs  '''BMPs'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="Stormwater management using green infrastructure practices involves keeping and using water close to its point of origin (i.e. keeping the raindrop where it falls). Practices include those local practices mentioned above - rain gardens, permeable pavements, green roofs, infiltration planters, trees and tree boxes, and rainwater harvesting systems. Because there multiple benefits of these practices, in addition to stormwater management, the manual includes a variety of topics related to green infrastructure as illustrated below. This page provides links to pages that provide case studies of green infrastructure and green infrastructure projects."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Case_studies_and_examples/Case_studies/Green_infrastructure '''Green infrastructure''']</span>‏‎
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==Minnesota Stormwater Manual==
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==<span title="This category contains links to subcategories where you can find tables, images (photos, schematics, graphs, etc.), links to external websites addressing a specific topic, reference information (definitions, glossary, acronyms, etc.), general information (a catch all for information that does not neatly fit in to other categories), and archived material."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives '''General information, reference, tables, images, and archives''']</span>==
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:*<span title="This category contains information no longer actively used. It includes information from the MIDS development process, the Stormwater Steering Committee, older maps, and older documents, including the Urban Best Management Practices manual."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Archives '''Archives''']</span>
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:*<span title="This category contains pages that provide general information on stormwater and stormwater management and that do not readily fit into other categories">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/General_information '''General information''']
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:*<span title="This category contains a large number of images, including photos, graphs, schematics, and illustrations. The photos are further divided into several subcategories as the wiki has more than 1000 photos.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images '''Images''']</span>
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<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Best_management_practice_photos '''Best management practice photos‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Better_site_design_photos '''Better site design photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Bioretention_photos '''Bioretention photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Case_studies_photos '''Case studies photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Construction_stormwater_photos '''Construction stormwater photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Erosion_prevention_photos '''Erosion prevention photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files of graphical information. Examples include plots, bar charts, etc.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Graphs '''Graphs‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Green_roof_photos '''Green roof photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Harvest_and_reuse_photos '''Harvest and reuse photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Hydrology,_geology,_water_photos '''Hydrology, geology, water photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files that illustrate some concept; similar to schematics.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Illustrations '''Illustrations'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Infiltration_(trench/basin)_photos '''Infiltration (trench/basin) photos‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title="This category contains links to pages that contain maps, as well as links to .jpg, .png, and .pdf files of maps. Examples include hydrology, soil, watershed, climate, etc.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Maps '''Maps'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Municipal_stormwater_(MS4)_photos '''Municipal stormwater (MS4) photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Operation_and_maintenance_(O%26M)_photos '''Operation and maintenance (O&M) photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Permeable_pavement_photos '''Permeable pavement photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This category contains links to pages that exist as photo galleries for a specific topic. Examples are photo galleries for godd and bad construction practices, bioretention photo gallery, etc. All the gallery pages consist of photos (.jpg or .png files)">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Photo_galleries '''Photo galleries‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Pollutant_images_and_photos '''Pollutant images and photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Pollution_prevention_source_control_photos '''Pollution prevention source control photos‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Pond_and_wetland_photos '''Pond and wetland photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Pretreatment_photos '''Pretreatment photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Sand_filter,_iron_enhanced_sand_filter,_media_filter_photos '''Sand filter, iron enhanced sand filter, media filter photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This category includes links to some pages displaying multiple CADD detail images. However, the category primarily includes links to files of CADD detail drawings (schematics). These are .pdf, .jpg, and .png files.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Schematic_-_CADD_detail '''Schematic - CADD detail'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files that display/illustrate a MIDS concept.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Schematic_-_MIDs '''Schematic - MIDs'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files that display/illustrate information about a bmp, such as dimensions, function, basic components, pollutant removal, etc.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Schematic_-_bmps '''Schematic - bmps‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files that display/illustrate information about soils, hydrology, or engineered media. Examples include separation distances, design for an engineered soil/media, soil concepts, pollutant movement, etc."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Schematic_-_hydrology,_soils,_media '''Schematic - hydrology, soils, media'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files that display/illustrate a stormwater management concept, such as treatment train, better site design, green infrastructure, etc.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Schematic_-_stormwater_management '''Schematic - stormwater management'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files that display/illustrate information that does not readily fit into one of the other schematic categories. An example would be a drawing of equipment.">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Schematics '''Schematics‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Sediment_control_photos '''Sediment control photos‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Soil_and_media_photos '''Soil and media photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Swale_photos '''Swale photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Trees,_tree_trench,_tree_box_photos '''Trees, tree trench, tree box photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Vegetation_photos '''Vegetation photos'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title=".jpg and .png files for this specific topic">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images/Winter,_deicing '''Winter, deicing'''‏‎]</span>
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</div>
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:*<span title="This category links to general information, such as a glossary, technical documents delivered through work orders, general information on this manual and the wiki, etc. There are also subcategories linking to CADD images and training/workshops/webinars."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Reference '''Reference''']
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<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
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::*<span title="This category contains links to CADD (Computer assisted design drawings) and associated .dwg files."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Reference/CADD_dwg_files '''CADD dwg files'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This category contains links to outreach information (webinars, trainings, workshops).">[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Reference/Training,_webinars,_and_workshops '''Training, webinars, and workshops'''‏‎]</span>
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</div>
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:*<span title="This is a broad category containing several subcategories to pages that link to tables in this stormwater wiki. These tables exist on their own pages.> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables '''Tables''']</span>
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<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on bioretention. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Bioretention '''Bioretention‏‎'''] </span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing checklists. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Checklist '''Checklist'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on chloride and salt management. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Chloride,_salt_management '''Chloride, salt management'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on cold climate management of stormwater and stormwater practices. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Cold_climate '''Cold climate'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on construction stormwater. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Construction_stormwater '''Construction stormwater'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on costs and benefits of stormwater management and practices. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Costs,_benefits '''Costs, benefits‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on erosion prevention and prevention practices. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Erosion_prevention '''Erosion prevention‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on filtration practices. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Filtration_practices '''Filtration practices'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on general best management practice information. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/General_bmp_information '''General bmp information'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on green infrastructure. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Green_infrastructure '''Green infrastructure'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on green roofs. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Green_roofs '''Green roofs'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on stormwater harvest and reuse. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Harvest_and_reuse '''Harvest and reuse'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on hydrology and geology. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Hydrology_and_geology '''Hydrology and geology'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on infiltration practices. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Infiltration_basin,_trench,_underground_infiltration '''Infiltration basin, trench, underground infiltration'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on engineered stormwater media, including amendments. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Media,_compost,_and_media_amendments '''Media, compost, and media amendments‏‎''']</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on models and modeling, including examples, applications, and references. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Models,_modeling,_model_applications_and_examples '''Models, modeling, model applications and examples'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on monitoring and assessment of stormwater practices. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Monitoring_and_assessment '''Monitoring and assessment'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on operation and maintenance of stormwater practices. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Operation_and_maintenance '''Operation and maintenance'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on permeable pavement. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Permeable_pavement '''Permeable pavement'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on plants and vegetation. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Plants,_vegetation '''Plants, vegetation'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on pollutant loading and pollutants in stormwater runoff. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Pollutant_loading,_concentrations,_and_characteristics '''Pollutant loading, concentrations, and characteristics'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on pollutant removal. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Pollutant_removal '''Pollutant removal'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on pollution prevention and source control. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Pollution_prevention_and_source_control '''Pollution prevention and source control'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on constructed stormwater ponds and wetlands. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Ponds_and_wetlands_(constructed) '''Ponds and wetlands (constructed)'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on pretreatment. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Pretreatment '''Pretreatment'''‏‎]</span>
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::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on regulatory information (e.g. permits and TMDLs). The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Regulatory,_permits,_TMDLs '''Regulatory, permits, TMDLs'''‏‎]</span>
 +
::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on sand filter and iron enhanced sand filters, also called media filters. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Sand_filter,_iron_enhanced_sand_filter,_media_filter '''Sand filter, iron enhanced sand filter, media filter'''‏‎]</span>
 +
::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on sediment and sediment control. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Sediment_control '''Sediment control'''‏‎]</span>
 +
::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on soil and soil properties. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Soil_and_soil_properties '''Soil and soil properties'''‏‎]</span>
 +
::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on swales. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Swales '''Swales'''‏‎]</span>
 +
::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on trees, tree trenches, and tree boxes. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Trees,_tree_trench,_tree_box '''Trees, tree trench, tree box‏‎''']</span>
 +
::*<span title="This link takes you to a page (category) containing links to tables containing information on Unified sizing criteria. The tables exist on their own page in the stormwater manual wiki. Note there are other (wiki coded) tables in the manual that do not exist as individual pages and therefore not included in this category."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables/Unified_sizing_criteria '''Unified sizing criteria'''‏‎]</span>
 +
</div>
 +
:*<span title="This stormwater wiki contains links throughout. This category links to pages that contain links to other material."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Links '''Links''']</span>
  
−
===General Information===
+
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%">
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#[[Overview of basic stormwater concepts]]
 
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#[[Stormwater research and education]]
 
−
#[[References for general stormwater information]]
 
−
<!--#[[Links for general stormwater information]]-->
 
−
#[[Minnesota maps]]
 
−
<!--#[[Supplemental graphics]]-->
 
  
−
===Stormwater treatment concepts===
+
==<span title="This category provides links to subcategories that address different aspects of stormwater management. It does not include links to regulatory pages."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Management '''Management''']</span>==
−
<!--#[[Introduction to stormwater BMPs]]-->
+
:*<span title="Stormwater management using green infrastructure practices involves keeping and using water close to its point of origin (i.e. keeping the raindrop where it falls). Practices include those local practices mentioned above - rain gardens, permeable pavements, green roofs, infiltration planters, trees and tree boxes, and rainwater harvesting systems. Because there multiple benefits of these practices, in addition to stormwater management, the manual includes a variety of topics related to green infrastructure as illustrated below. This page (category) provides links to pages that address green infrastructure and green stormwater infrastructure."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Management/Green_infrastructure '''Green infrastructure''']</span>
−
#[[Integrated stormwater management]]
+
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages that provide information on Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS). This includes overview information, the MIDS Calculator and associated pages, performance goals and associated pages, examples and case studies, and more."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Management/MIDS '''MIDS (Minimal Impact Design Standards''']</span>
−
<!--#[[The treatment train process]]-->
+
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
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#[[Using the treatment train approach to BMP selection]]
+
::*<span title="This page contains schematics used for the MIDS calculator"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Management/MIDS/Images_and_schematics '''Images and schematics'''‏‎]</span>
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#[[Process for selecting Best Management Practices]]
+
</div>
 +
:*<span title="This Category includes links to winter management, including use of deicers, snow management, pollutant information, erosion control, and bmp design, construction, maintenance, and performance."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Management/Winter_management '''Winter management''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page (category) contains links to pages that address stormwater and other management at the landscape and watershed levels. Examples include treatment train approaches and management to protect receiving waters."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Management/Watershed_scale_and_treatment_train '''Watershed scale and treatment train''']</span>
  
−
===Best Management Practices===
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<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%">
−
{{alert|Many of the topics in this section have multiple articles. To view a single document that combines all articles within a topic, click on the + icon|alert-info}}
 
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<!--#[[Overview of stormwater BMP principles]]-->
 
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#[[Pre-treatment]]
 
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#Individual Best Management Practices
 
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<!--##[[Civic engagement]]
 
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##[[Education]]-->
 
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##[[Pollution prevention]]
 
−
<!--::**[[Road de-icing]]
 
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::**[[Yard waste management]]-->
 
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##[[Better site design]]
 
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##[[Stormwater re-use and rainwater harvesting]]
 
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##[[Temporary construction erosion and sediment control]]
 
−
<!--##[[Street sweeping]]-->
 
−
##[[Green roofs]] ([[Green roofs combined|+]])
 
−
##[[Turf]]
 
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##[[Permeable pavement]] ([[Permeable pavement combined|+]])
 
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##[[Trees]]
 
−
<!--##Infiltration practices
 
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###[[Bioretention - bioinfiltration]]
 
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###[[Infiltration trench]]
 
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###[[Infiltration basin]]
 
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##Filtration practices
 
−
###[[Bioretention - biofiltration]]
 
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###[[Swale]]
 
−
###[[Sand filter]]-->
 
−
##[[Bioretention]] ([[Bioretention combined|+]])
 
−
##[[Infiltration basin]]
 
−
##[[Infiltration trench]] ([[Infiltration trench combined|+]])
 
−
<!--##[[Infiltration, including bioinfiltration]]-->
 
−
##[[Filtration]] ([[Filtration combined|+]])
 
−
###[[Swales]]
 
−
###[[Sand filters]]
 
−
<!--##[[Subsurface gravel wetlands]]-->
 
−
##[[Iron enhanced sand filter (Minnesota Filter)]] ([[Iron enhanced sand filter combined|+]])
 
−
##[[Stormwater ponds]] ([[Stormwater ponds combined|+]])
 
−
<!--##[[Stormwater ponds alternative]]-->
 
−
##[[Stormwater wetlands]] ([[Stormwater wetlands combined|+]])
 
−
##[[Hydrodynamic devices]]
 
−
##[[Filtration devices]]
 
−
##[[Chemical treatment]]
 
−
<!--##[[Emerging technologies]]-->
 
−
#[[Unified sizing criteria section]] ([[Stormwater infiltration and constraints on infiltration combined|+]])
 
−
<!--#[[Unified sizing criteria]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Recharge and infiltration criterion (Vre)]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Water quality criteria]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Channel protection criteria (Vcp)]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Overbank flood protection criteria (Vp10)]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Extreme flood control criteria (Vp100)]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Adapting stormwater criteria for receiving waters]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[References for Unified Sizing Criteria]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Literature review summary for Unified Sizing Criteria]]-->
 
−
<!--##[[Stormwater sizing for redevelopment projects]]-->
 
  
−
===Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS)===
+
==<span title="This page provides links to pages and subcategories that address models, modeling, and monitoring"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Models,_modeling,_and_monitoring '''Models, modeling and monitoring''']</span>==
−
Link to the [http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/water/water-types-and-programs/stormwater/stormwater-minimal-impact-design-standards-mids.html MIDS webpage] for access to webex presentations, additional technical documents, meeting minutes.
+
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages that provide general information on models."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Models_and_modeling/General_model_information '''General model information''']</span>
−
#[[Overview of Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS)]]
+
:*<span title="This category (page) provides links to pages that provide example applications of models. These are a mix of actual and hypothetical examples designed to help users understand model inputs, outputs, and applicability."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Models_and_modeling/Model_applications_and_examples '''Model applications and examples''']</span>
−
#[[Performance goals for new development, re-development and linear projects]]
+
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages addressing specific models, such as P8 and the MIDS Calculator."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Models_and_modeling/Specific_models '''Specific models''']</span>
−
#[[Flexible treatment options]]
+
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
−
#[[Ordinance goals]]
+
::*<span title="This category provides links to pages that address the Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS) Calculator."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Models_and_modeling/Specific_models/MIDS_Calculator‏‎ '''MIDS Calculator''']</span>
−
#[[MIDS calculator]]
+
::*<span title="This page provides links to pages that provide information related to the MPCA Simple Estimator"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Models_and_modeling/Specific_models/MPCA_Simple_Estimator '''MPCA Simple Estimator'''‏‎]</span>
−
#[[Training and workshop materials and modules]]
+
::*<span title="This page provides links to pages providing information on the P8 model"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Models_and_modeling/Specific_models/P8 '''P8'''‏‎]</span>
−
#[[Technical documents]]
+
</div>
−
<!--#[[Design sequence flow chart]]-->
+
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages that address monitoring. While monitoring is not covered extensively in this manual, proper monitoring is essential to understanding stormwater runoff and its impacts on receiving waters. The following pages provide links to good references on how to properly monitor for water quantity and quality."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Models,_modeling,_and_monitoring/Monitoring '''Monitoring''']</span>
  
−
===Stormwater modeling, models and calculators, and calculating credits===
+
==<span title="There is a wide range of pollutants found in stormwater runoff. This page (category) provides links to subcategories and pages addressing stormwater pollutants."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Pollutants '''Pollutants''']</span>==
−
:'''View all articles in this section as a [[Stormwater modeling, models and calculators, and calculating credits-combined|single document]].'''
+
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages with information on bacteria and pathogens as they relate to stormwater and impacts of stormwater on receiving waters."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Pollutants/Bacteria_and_pathogens '''Bacteria and pathogens''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages that provide information on chloride, on deicing, road salt, and other pages providing information related to these topics."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Pollutants/Chloride '''Chloride''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages that provide information on phosphorus and impacts of phosphorus on receiving waters."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Pollutants/Phosphorus '''Phosphorus''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to pages containing information on sediment (total suspended solids or TSS)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Pollutants/Sediment_(total_suspended_solids) '''Sediment (total suspended solids)''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages providing information on pollutant concentrations, export, and loads. These pages include information on event mean concentrations and annual loads of pollutants across a range of factors, such as land use, watershed characteristics, season, etc. The pages also contain several links to information and data sources. Note that assigning specific values for concentration and load is highly subjective as there is large variability in these."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Pollutants/Concentrations,_export,_loads '''Pollutant concentrations, export, loads''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page (Category) provides links to pages that provide information on pollutant removal for different stormwater practices. For information on specific pollutants go to the Level 1 Category called Pollutants, which contains links to information on specific pollutants and on management strategies and practices for pollutants.
  
−
#[[Introduction to stormwater modeling]]
+
For information on pollutant removal for individual stormwater best management practices, see the Level 3 Category Pollutant removal and credits."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Pollutants/Pollutant_removal '''Pollutant removal''']</span>
−
#[[Available stormwater models and selecting a model]]
 
−
#[[Overview of stormwater credits]]
 
−
#[[Information on pollutant removal by BMPs]]
 
−
#[[Detailed information on specific models]]
 
−
#[[Calculating stormwater volume and pollutant reductions and credits]]
 
−
#[[What is the pre-development condition]]
 
  
−
===Regulatory===
+
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:100%">
−
#[[Regulatory information]]
 
−
#[[Additional regulatory information]]
 
  
−
===Minnesota specific issues and information===
+
==<span title="The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency administers three stormwater permits: construction, municipal, and industrial. In addition, there are several local, regional, and national entities that administer regulatory programs related to stormwater. This page (category) provides links to subcategories and pages addressing regulatory issues and topics."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Regulatory '''Regulatory''']</span>==
−
#[[Cold climate impact on runoff management]]
+
:*<span title="This page contains links to pages, subcategories, and other information on construction stormwater, particularly as related to the construction stormwater permit and construction regulations."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Regulatory/Construction_(CSW) '''Construction stormwater''']</span>
−
#[[Stormwater infiltration and constraints on infiltration]] (View articles as a [[Stormwater infiltration and constraints on infiltration combined|single document]])
+
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages and information on indystrial stormwater. Note that information on industrial stormwater has not been maintained over the past several years and much information has therefore been removed as it referred to earlier permits. For more information on industrial stormwater, visit the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency's website."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Regulatory/Industrial '''Industrial stormwater''']</span>
−
#[[Mosquito control and stormwater management]]
+
:*<span title="This page links to pages, subcategories, and other information on municipal stormwater, particularly as related to the MS4 permit and municipal stormwater regulations."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4) '''Municipal stormwater''']</span>
−
#[[Managing stormwater sediments]]
+
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
−
#[[Minnesota plant lists]]
+
::*<span title="Links to facts sheets for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4s)"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4)/Fact_sheet '''Fact sheet'''‏‎]</span>
−
#[[Special waters and other sensitive receiving waters]]
+
::*<span title="This page provides links to information for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4s), including general information, guidance, outreach materials, links, education materials, and so on."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4)/Guidance,_outreach_materials,_miscellaneous_information '''Guidance, outreach materials, miscellaneous information'''‏‎]</span>
−
#[[Road salt]]
+
::*<span title="This page links to pages that provide information, including access to permits, for Phase 1 MS4s (Minneapolis and St. Paul)."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4)/Phase_1 '''Phase 1'''‏‎]</span>
 +
::*<span title="This page provides links to information MS4 permittees may find useful in meeting their regulatory requirements under the permits. This includes descriptions of procedures, forms, checklists, etc."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4)/Procedures_and_checklists '''Procedures and checklists'''‏‎]</span>
 +
::*<span title="This page provides links to pages containing information related to total maximum daily loads (TMDLs)"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4)/TMDLs '''TMDLs'''‏‎]</span>
 +
</div>
 +
:*<span title="The links below provide additional regulatory information beside National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Regulatory/Other_regulatory '''Other regulatory''']</span>
  
−
===[[Case studies]]===
+
==<span title="The Minnesota Stormwater Manual contains a wide variety of technical information that supports best management practice selection and implementation, regulatory compliance, and other general topics.
  
−
<!--===Fact sheets===
+
This category (page) contains links to information on technical and specific topics. This includes subcategories for soils and media, infiltration, and vegetation."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information '''Technical and specific topic information''']</span>==
−
#[[BMP fact sheet]]
+
:*<span title="For the purposes of this manual, infiltration BMPs are considered BMPs without underdrains. This page provides links to pages that address topics related to infiltration of stormwater, such as constraints on infiltration and determining infiltration rates at sites."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information/infiltration '''Infiltration''']</span>
−
#[[Other fact sheets]]-->
+
:*<span title="This page contains links to pages that provide technical information on soils and media."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information/soils_and_media '''Soils and media''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page provides links to pages that provide information on vegetation, including plant lists."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information/vegetation '''Vegetation''']</span>
 +
:*<span title="This page links to information on various technical topics that do not fit into other categories containing information on technical topics."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information/Miscellaneous_technical_information '''Miscellaneous technical information''']</span>
  
−
<!--===Checklists and cost sheets===
+
==Image maps==
−
#[[Construction checklists]]
+
<font size=5>Mouse hover over an '''i''' box to read a description of the bmp or practice, or click on an '''i''' box to go to a page on the bmp or practice</font size>
−
#[[Operation and maintenance checklists]]
 
−
#[[Cost estimate worksheets]]-->
 
  
−
===Computer-aided design and drafting (CAD/CADD) drawings===
+
<imagemap>
−
#[[CADD images for individual best management practices]]
+
Image:Stormwater BMPs.png|800px|thumb|left|alt=imagemap for stormwater BMPs|'''Stormwater Best Management Practices'''. Mouse hover over an '''i''' box to read a description of the practice, or click on an '''i''' box to go to a page on the practice.
−
#[[Links to .dwg files]]
+
circle 60 125 60 [[Infiltration|Infiltration basins, infiltration trenches, dry wells, and underground infiltration systems capture and temporarily store stormwater before allowing it to infiltrate into the soil. As the stormwater penetrates the underlying soil, chemical, biological and physical processes remove pollutants and delay peak stormwater flows.]]
 +
circle 270 125 30 [[Bioretention|Bioretention (rain garden) is a terrestrial-based (up-land as opposed to wetland) water quality and water quantity control process. Bioretention employs a simplistic, site-integrated design that provides opportunity for runoff infiltration, filtration, storage, and water uptake by vegetation.]]
 +
circle 600 125 30 [[Trees|Tree trenches and tree boxes (collectively called tree BMP(s)), the most commonly implemented tree BMPs, can be incorporated anywhere in the stormwater treatment train but are most often located in upland areas of the treatment train. The strategic distribution of tree BMPs help control runoff close to the source where it is generated. Tree BMPs can mimic certain physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur in the natural environment.]]
 +
circle 690 150 30 [[Permeable pavement|Permeable pavements allow stormwater runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for temporary storage and/or infiltration. The most commonly used permeable pavement surfaces are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP). Permeable pavements have been used for areas with light traffic at commercial and residential sites to replace traditional impervious surfaces in low-speed roads, alleys, parking lots, driveways, sidewalks, plazas, and patios.]]
 +
circle 920 125 30 [[Stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse|A stormwater harvesting and use system is a constructed system that captures and retains stormwater for beneficial use at a different time or place than when or where the stormwater was generated. A stormwater harvesting and use system potentially has four components: collection system (which could include the catchment area and stormwater infrastructure such as curb, gutters, and stormsewers), storage unit (such as a cistern or pond) treatment system: pre and post (that removes solids, pollutants and microorganisms, including any necessary control systems), if needed, and the distribution system (such as pumps, pipes, and control systems).]]
 +
circle 1130 125 30 [[Green roofs|Green roofs consist of a series of layers that create an environment suitable for plant growth without damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/ detention. Green roofs occur at the beginning of stormwater treatment trains. Green roofs provide filtering of suspended solids and pollutants associated with those solids, although total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations from traditional roofs are generally low. Green roofs provide both volume and rate control, thus decreasing the stormwater volume being delivered to downstream Best Management Practices (BMPs).]]
 +
circle 30 325 30 [[Dry swale (Grass swale)|Dry swales, sometimes called grass swales, are similar to bioretention cells but are configured as shallow, linear channels. They typically have vegetative cover such as turf or native perennial grasses. Dry swales may be constructed as filtration or infiltration practices, depending on soils. If soils are highly permeable (A or B soils), runoff infiltrates into underlying soils. In less permeable soils, runoff is treated by engineered soil media and flows into an underdrain, which conveys treated runoff back to the conveyance system further downstream. Check dams incorporated into the swale design allow water to pool up and infiltrate into the underlying soil or engineered media, thus increasing the volume of water treated.]]
 +
circle 270 325 30 [[Wet swale (wetland channel)|Wet swales occur when the water table is located very close to the surface or water does not readily drain out of the swale. A wet swale acts as a very long and linear shallow biofiltration or linear wetland treatment system. Wet swales do not provide volume reduction and have limited treatment capability. Incorporation of check dams into the design allows treatment of a portion or all of the water quality volume within a series of cells created by the check dams. Wet swales planted with emergent wetland plant species provide improved pollutant removal. Wet swales may be used as pretreatment practices. Wet swales are commonly used for drainage areas less than 5 acres in size.]]
 +
circle 600 325 30 [[High-gradient stormwater step-pool swale|Stormwater step pools address higher energy flows due to more dramatic slopes than dry or wet swales. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, native vegetation and a sand seepage filter bed, flow velocities are reduced, treated, and, where applicable, infiltrated. The physical characteristics of the stormwater step pools are similar to Rosgen A or B stream classification types, where “bedform occurs as a step/pool, cascading channel which often stores large amounts of sediment in the pools associated with debris dams”. Stormwater step pools are designed with a wide variety of native plant species depending on the hydraulic conditions and expected post-flow soil moisture at any given point within the stormwater step pool.]]
 +
circle 820 325 30 [[Vegetated filter strips|Vegetated filter strips are designed to remove solids from stormwater runoff. The vegetation can consist of natural and established vegetation communities and can range from turf grass to woody species with native grasses and shrubs. Because of the range of suitable vegetation communities, vegetated filter strips can be easily incorporated into landscaping plans; in doing so, they can accent adjacent natural areas or provide visual buffers within developed areas. They are best suited for treating runoff from roads, parking lots and roof downspouts. Their primary function is to slow runoff velocities and allow sediment in the runoff to settle or be filtered by the vegetation. By slowing runoff velocities, they help to attenuate flow and create a longer time of concentration. Filter strips do not significantly reduce runoff volume, but there are minor losses due to infiltration and depression storage. Filter strips are most effective if they receive sheet flow and the flow remains uniformly distributed across the filter strip.]]
 +
circle 1040 325 30 [[Iron enhanced sand filter (Minnesota Filter)|Iron-enhanced sand filters are filtration Best Management Practices (BMPs) that incorporate filtration media mixed with iron. The iron removes several dissolved constituents, including phosphate, from stormwater. Iron-enhanced sand filters may be particularly useful for achieving low phosphorus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition of iron; however, iron is not appropriate for all filtration practices due to the potential for iron loss or plugging in low oxygen or persistently inundated filtration practices.]]
 +
circle 1130 325 30 [[Filtration|Sand (media) filters have widespread applicability and are suitable for all land uses, as long as the contributing drainage areas are limited (e.g., typically less than 5 acres). Sand filters are not as aesthetically appealing as bioretention, which makes them more appropriate for commercial or light industrial land uses or in locations that will not receive significant public exposure. Sand filters are particularly well suited for sites with high percentages of impervious cover (e.g., greater than 50 percent). Sand filters can be installed underground to prevent the consumption of valuable land space (often an important retrofit or redevelopment consideration).]]
 +
circle 170 525 30 [[Stormwater ponds|Stormwater ponds are typically installed as an end-of-pipe BMP at the downstream end of the treatment train. Stormwater pond size and outflow regulation requirements can be significantly reduced with the use of additional upstream BMPs. However, due to their size and versatility, stormwater ponds are often the only management practice employed at a site and therefore must be designed to provide adequate water quality and water quantity treatment for all regulated storms.]]
 +
circle 265 525 30 [[Stormwater wetlands|Stormwater wetlands are similar in design to stormwater ponds and mainly differ by their variety of water depths and associated vegetative complex. They require slightly more surface area than stormwater ponds for the same contributing drainage area. Stormwater wetlands are constructed stormwater management practices, not natural wetlands. Like ponds, they can contain a permanent pool and temporary storage for water quality control and runoff quantity control. Wetlands are widely applicable stormwater treatment practices that provide both water quality treatment and water quantity control. Stormwater wetlands are best suited for drainage areas of at least 10 acres. When designed and maintained properly, stormwater wetlands can be an important aesthetic feature of a site.]]
 +
circle 600 525 30 [[Pretreatment|Pretreatment practices are installed immediately preceding one or more structural stormwater BMPs. Pretreatment reduces maintenance and prolongs the lifespan of structural stormwater BMPs by removing trash, debris, organic materials, coarse sediments, and associated pollutants prior to entering structural stormwater BMPs. Implementing pretreatment devices also improves aesthetics by capturing debris in focused or hidden areas.]]
 +
circle 820 510 30 [[Sediment control practices|Sediment control practices are designed to prevent or minimize loss of eroded soil at a site. Typical sediment control practices focus on 1) physical filtration of sediment by trapping soil particles as water passes through a silt fence, drop inlet screen, fiber roll, etc., 2)settling processes, that allow sediment to fall out of flows that are slowed and temporarily impounded in ponds, traps, or in small pools created by berms, silt fencing, inlet protection dikes, check dams, etc.]]
 +
circle 1040 500 30 [[Erosion prevention practices|Erosion prevention practices include 1) planning approaches that minimize the size of the bare soil area and the length of time disturbed areas are exposed to the elements – especially for long, steep slopes and easily erodible soils, 2) diverting or otherwise controlling the location and volume of run-on flows to the site from adjacent areas, 3)keeping concentrated flows in ditches stabilized with vegetation, rock, or other material, and 4)covering bare soil with vegetation, mulch, erosion control blankets, turf reinforcement mats, gravel, rock, plastic sheeting, soil binder chemicals, etc.]]
 +
circle 1255 525 30 [[Pollution prevention|Pollution prevention (P2) is a “front-end” method to decrease costs, risks, and environmental concerns. In contrast to managing pollution after it is created, P2 reduces or eliminates waste and pollution at its source. P2 includes a variety of residential, municipal, and industrial practices.]]
 +
</imagemap>
  
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===References, forms, links, and issue papers===
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<imagemap>
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#[[References]]
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Image:Topics image map.png|800px|thumb|left|alt=imagemap for stormwater BMPs|'''Stormwater Topics found in this stormwater wiki'''. Mouse hover over an '''i''' box to read a description of the practice, or click on an '''i''' box to go to a page on the practice.
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#[[Forms (including field inspection forms)]]
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circle 130 170 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Best_Management_practices Best management practices treat or reduce stormwater volume through infiltration, filtration, sedimentation, chemical interaction, and prevention. Examples include bioretention (raingardens), swales, ponds, street sweeping, and pretreatment filtering and settling.]
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#[[Links]]
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circle 400 170 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Best_management_practices/Specifications_and_details Specifications and details include guidance and images, including details, on how to design, construct, maintain, and assess stormwater best management practices]
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#[[Issue papers]]
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circle 700 170 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Regulatory/Construction_(CSW) Information on the construction stormwater permit, technical information on construction stormwater best management practices, and links to photos, images, and tables]
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#[[Stormwater manuals]]
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circle 1000 195 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4) Information on the municipal (MS4) stormwater permit, technical information on post-construction stormwater best management practices, and links to photos, images, and tables]
 +
circle 1250 190 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_3_-_Regulatory/Municipal_(MS4)/TMDLs Links to information on total maximum daily loads, including regulatory guidance and information, examples, and tools]
 +
circle 1550 170 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Pollutants Information on pollutants includes pollutant-specific information on phosphorus, solids, bacteria and pathogens, and chloride; information on pollutant removal; and information on pollutants in stormwater runoff]
 +
circle 130 450 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information/soils_and_media Information on soils and engineered media used in stormwater applications, including soil processes and properties, measuring and assessing soils, media mixes, media applications and performance, and amendements such as iron and biochar]
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circle 400 450 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information/infiltration Information on infiltration of stormwater runoff, including best management practices, constraints on infiltration, evaluating the potential for infiltration, effects on groundwater, and case studies]
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circle 700 450 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Technical_and_specific_topic_information/vegetation Information on applications of vegetation in stormwater management, including planning for vegetation at a site, establishment and maintenance, and plant lists and selection]
 +
circle 1000 450 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Management/Green_infrastructure Information on green infrastructure and green stormwater infrastructure, including definitions, example and best management practices, operatyion and maintenance, planning, multiple benefits, and case studies]
 +
circle 1250 450 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Management/MIDS Minimal Impact Design Standards, including definitions, documents, processes, performance goals, and calculator information, including examples, applications, and supporting information for the calculator]
 +
circle 1550 450 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_Management/Winter_management Winter management as it applies to stormwater management, including deicing, chloride, best management practice design and performance, and snow management]
 +
circle 130 700 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Models,_modeling,_and_monitoring Models, monitoring, and monitoring guidance, including information on specific models, links, and case studies/applications]
 +
circle 400 700 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_1_-_Case_studies_and_examples Case studies and examples for a wide range of stormwater topics]
 +
circle 700 700 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Images The stormwater wiki has about 2000 images, including photos, schematics, graphs, and more]
 +
circle 1000 700 30 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Tables There are more than 600 tables with information on a wide variety of stormwater topics]
 +
circle 1250 700 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Reference Reference information, including a wide range of topics such as crediting, assessing performance, case studies, glossaries, definitions, links, and more]
 +
circle 1550 700 50 [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Category:Level_2_-_General_information,_reference,_tables,_images,_and_archives/Links Though links are embedded throughout the stormwater wiki, this categorization may help you find information quicker]
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</imagemap>
  
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<!--===[[List of tables]]===-->
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[[Category:Level 2 - General information, reference, tables, images, and archives/Reference]]
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===Acronyms, symbols and glossary===
 
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#[[Acronyms]]
 
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#[[Symbols]]
 
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#[[Glossary]]
 
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==Construction stormwater==
 
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===[[Construction stormwater program]]===
 
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#[[Construction stormwater permit]]
 
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<!--===Construction Stormwater Manual (Blue Book)===-->
 
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==Industrial stormwater==
 
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#[[Stormwater program for industrial activity]]
 
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==Municipal stormwater==
 
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<!--=== MS4 Permit===
 
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[[MS4 permit]]
 
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#[[Figures]]-->
 
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#[[Stormwater Program for Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4)]]
 
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<!--<div style="display:none">#[[Figures]]</div style>-->
 
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#[[MS4 General Permit]]
 
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#[[MS4 General Permit Application Information]]
 
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#[[Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs)]]
 
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Link to MS4 [http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/water/water-types-and-programs/stormwater/municipal-stormwater/municipal-separate-storm-sewer-systems-ms4.html website]
 
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<!--
 
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Source control practices
 
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· P2
 
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· Better site design
 
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· Temporary construction and sediment control
 
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Sedimentation practices
 
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· Stormwater ponds
 
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· Stormwater wetlands
 
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· Hydrodynamic devices
 
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Infiltration practices
 
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· Bioretention – bioinfiltration
 
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· Infiltration trench
 
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· Infiltration basin
 
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Filtration practices
 
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· Bioretention – biofiltration
 
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o Underdrain at bottom
 
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o Elevated underdrain
 
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o IWS
 
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o lined
 
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· Swale
 
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· Sand filter
 
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· Iron enhanced sand filter
 
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How do the following fit?
 
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· Permeable pavement (infiltration?)
 
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· Green roof
 
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· Re-Use
 
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· Turf
 
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· Trees
 
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[[Image dump]]
 
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-->
 

Latest revision as of 15:54, 29 August 2023

CWL Logo
Welcome to the Minnesota Stormwater Manual wiki
The format for this page has changed. If you would like to access the Table of Contents as it previously existed, use the following link.

The wiki platform provides multiple options for searching topics. You can find out more on the following pages.

Video on navigating the table of contents (6:16 (click here for subtitled version)
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Information: Hover your mouse over any bolded text to get information on that topic

There are multiple ways to search for material in this stormwater manual wiki. The search tool (box) toward the upper right is a powerful tool that searches and sorts by page titles with the defined text and then by pages having the defined text.

The Table of Contents on this page offers two ways to search for information.

  1. All pages in this stormwater wiki, including images, tables, and uploaded files, have been assigned to one or more category.
    1. When you click on one of the links below you will be taken to a page with all topics, tables, images, etc. placed into that category. Categories are arranged by levels. See the 4th bullet below for information on categories.
    2. You will notice text to the right saying either Expand or Collapse. Click on this to either expand or collapse the topics under that item.
    3. All bold text employs hover boxes. Hover your mouse over that text to get a description of what you'll find at that link.
    4. The Categories (Index) function can be accessed in the left toolbar or at this link. Descriptions of the Category function can be found at this link (includes videos) or on this video.
  2. You may also use the images at the bottom of this page to access pages related to best management practices (top image) or by topic (lower image). These are image maps similar to those used in Wikipedia.

If you would like to access the Table of Contents as it previously existed, use the following link: Link to old Table of contents

Acknowledgements

Best management practices

Case studies and examples

General information, reference, tables, images, and archives

Management

Models, modeling and monitoring

Pollutants

Regulatory

Technical and specific topic information

Image maps

Mouse hover over an i box to read a description of the bmp or practice, or click on an i box to go to a page on the bmp or practice

Infiltration basins, infiltration trenches, dry wells, and underground infiltration systems capture and temporarily store stormwater before allowing it to infiltrate into the soil. As the stormwater penetrates the underlying soil, chemical, biological and physical processes remove pollutants and delay peak stormwater flows.Bioretention (rain garden) is a terrestrial-based (up-land as opposed to wetland) water quality and water quantity control process. Bioretention employs a simplistic, site-integrated design that provides opportunity for runoff infiltration, filtration, storage, and water uptake by vegetation.Tree trenches and tree boxes (collectively called tree BMP(s)), the most commonly implemented tree BMPs, can be incorporated anywhere in the stormwater treatment train but are most often located in upland areas of the treatment train. The strategic distribution of tree BMPs help control runoff close to the source where it is generated. Tree BMPs can mimic certain physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur in the natural environment.Permeable pavements allow stormwater runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for temporary storage and/or infiltration. The most commonly used permeable pavement surfaces are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, and permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP). Permeable pavements have been used for areas with light traffic at commercial and residential sites to replace traditional impervious surfaces in low-speed roads, alleys, parking lots, driveways, sidewalks, plazas, and patios.A stormwater harvesting and use system is a constructed system that captures and retains stormwater for beneficial use at a different time or place than when or where the stormwater was generated. A stormwater harvesting and use system potentially has four components: collection system (which could include the catchment area and stormwater infrastructure such as curb, gutters, and stormsewers), storage unit (such as a cistern or pond) treatment system: pre and post (that removes solids, pollutants and microorganisms, including any necessary control systems), if needed, and the distribution system (such as pumps, pipes, and control systems).Green roofs consist of a series of layers that create an environment suitable for plant growth without damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/ detention. Green roofs occur at the beginning of stormwater treatment trains. Green roofs provide filtering of suspended solids and pollutants associated with those solids, although total suspended solid (TSS) concentrations from traditional roofs are generally low. Green roofs provide both volume and rate control, thus decreasing the stormwater volume being delivered to downstream Best Management Practices (BMPs).Dry swales, sometimes called grass swales, are similar to bioretention cells but are configured as shallow, linear channels. They typically have vegetative cover such as turf or native perennial grasses. Dry swales may be constructed as filtration or infiltration practices, depending on soils. If soils are highly permeable (A or B soils), runoff infiltrates into underlying soils. In less permeable soils, runoff is treated by engineered soil media and flows into an underdrain, which conveys treated runoff back to the conveyance system further downstream. Check dams incorporated into the swale design allow water to pool up and infiltrate into the underlying soil or engineered media, thus increasing the volume of water treated.Wet swales occur when the water table is located very close to the surface or water does not readily drain out of the swale. A wet swale acts as a very long and linear shallow biofiltration or linear wetland treatment system. Wet swales do not provide volume reduction and have limited treatment capability. Incorporation of check dams into the design allows treatment of a portion or all of the water quality volume within a series of cells created by the check dams. Wet swales planted with emergent wetland plant species provide improved pollutant removal. Wet swales may be used as pretreatment practices. Wet swales are commonly used for drainage areas less than 5 acres in size.Stormwater step pools address higher energy flows due to more dramatic slopes than dry or wet swales. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, native vegetation and a sand seepage filter bed, flow velocities are reduced, treated, and, where applicable, infiltrated. The physical characteristics of the stormwater step pools are similar to Rosgen A or B stream classification types, where “bedform occurs as a step/pool, cascading channel which often stores large amounts of sediment in the pools associated with debris dams”. Stormwater step pools are designed with a wide variety of native plant species depending on the hydraulic conditions and expected post-flow soil moisture at any given point within the stormwater step pool.Vegetated filter strips are designed to remove solids from stormwater runoff. The vegetation can consist of natural and established vegetation communities and can range from turf grass to woody species with native grasses and shrubs. Because of the range of suitable vegetation communities, vegetated filter strips can be easily incorporated into landscaping plans; in doing so, they can accent adjacent natural areas or provide visual buffers within developed areas. They are best suited for treating runoff from roads, parking lots and roof downspouts. Their primary function is to slow runoff velocities and allow sediment in the runoff to settle or be filtered by the vegetation. By slowing runoff velocities, they help to attenuate flow and create a longer time of concentration. Filter strips do not significantly reduce runoff volume, but there are minor losses due to infiltration and depression storage. Filter strips are most effective if they receive sheet flow and the flow remains uniformly distributed across the filter strip.Iron-enhanced sand filters are filtration Best Management Practices (BMPs) that incorporate filtration media mixed with iron. The iron removes several dissolved constituents, including phosphate, from stormwater. Iron-enhanced sand filters may be particularly useful for achieving low phosphorus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition of iron; however, iron is not appropriate for all filtration practices due to the potential for iron loss or plugging in low oxygen or persistently inundated filtration practices.Sand (media) filters have widespread applicability and are suitable for all land uses, as long as the contributing drainage areas are limited (e.g., typically less than 5 acres). Sand filters are not as aesthetically appealing as bioretention, which makes them more appropriate for commercial or light industrial land uses or in locations that will not receive significant public exposure. Sand filters are particularly well suited for sites with high percentages of impervious cover (e.g., greater than 50 percent). Sand filters can be installed underground to prevent the consumption of valuable land space (often an important retrofit or redevelopment consideration).Stormwater ponds are typically installed as an end-of-pipe BMP at the downstream end of the treatment train. Stormwater pond size and outflow regulation requirements can be significantly reduced with the use of additional upstream BMPs. However, due to their size and versatility, stormwater ponds are often the only management practice employed at a site and therefore must be designed to provide adequate water quality and water quantity treatment for all regulated storms.Stormwater wetlands are similar in design to stormwater ponds and mainly differ by their variety of water depths and associated vegetative complex. They require slightly more surface area than stormwater ponds for the same contributing drainage area. Stormwater wetlands are constructed stormwater management practices, not natural wetlands. Like ponds, they can contain a permanent pool and temporary storage for water quality control and runoff quantity control. Wetlands are widely applicable stormwater treatment practices that provide both water quality treatment and water quantity control. Stormwater wetlands are best suited for drainage areas of at least 10 acres. When designed and maintained properly, stormwater wetlands can be an important aesthetic feature of a site.Pretreatment practices are installed immediately preceding one or more structural stormwater BMPs. Pretreatment reduces maintenance and prolongs the lifespan of structural stormwater BMPs by removing trash, debris, organic materials, coarse sediments, and associated pollutants prior to entering structural stormwater BMPs. Implementing pretreatment devices also improves aesthetics by capturing debris in focused or hidden areas.Sediment control practices are designed to prevent or minimize loss of eroded soil at a site. Typical sediment control practices focus on 1) physical filtration of sediment by trapping soil particles as water passes through a silt fence, drop inlet screen, fiber roll, etc., 2)settling processes, that allow sediment to fall out of flows that are slowed and temporarily impounded in ponds, traps, or in small pools created by berms, silt fencing, inlet protection dikes, check dams, etc.Erosion prevention practices include 1) planning approaches that minimize the size of the bare soil area and the length of time disturbed areas are exposed to the elements – especially for long, steep slopes and easily erodible soils, 2) diverting or otherwise controlling the location and volume of run-on flows to the site from adjacent areas, 3)keeping concentrated flows in ditches stabilized with vegetation, rock, or other material, and 4)covering bare soil with vegetation, mulch, erosion control blankets, turf reinforcement mats, gravel, rock, plastic sheeting, soil binder chemicals, etc.Pollution prevention (P2) is a “front-end” method to decrease costs, risks, and environmental concerns. In contrast to managing pollution after it is created, P2 reduces or eliminates waste and pollution at its source. P2 includes a variety of residential, municipal, and industrial practices.imagemap for stormwater BMPs
Stormwater Best Management Practices. Mouse hover over an i box to read a description of the practice, or click on an i box to go to a page on the practice.
Best management practices treat or reduce stormwater volume through infiltration, filtration, sedimentation, chemical interaction, and prevention. Examples include bioretention (raingardens), swales, ponds, street sweeping, and pretreatment filtering and settling.Specifications and details include guidance and images, including details, on how to design, construct, maintain, and assess stormwater best management practicesInformation on the construction stormwater permit, technical information on construction stormwater best management practices, and links to photos, images, and tablesInformation on the municipal (MS4) stormwater permit, technical information on post-construction stormwater best management practices, and links to photos, images, and tablesLinks to information on total maximum daily loads, including regulatory guidance and information, examples, and toolsInformation on pollutants includes pollutant-specific information on phosphorus, solids, bacteria and pathogens, and chloride; information on pollutant removal; and information on pollutants in stormwater runoffInformation on soils and engineered media used in stormwater applications, including soil processes and properties, measuring and assessing soils, media mixes, media applications and performance, and amendements such as iron and biocharInformation on infiltration of stormwater runoff, including best management practices, constraints on infiltration, evaluating the potential for infiltration, effects on groundwater, and case studiesInformation on applications of vegetation in stormwater management, including planning for vegetation at a site, establishment and maintenance, and plant lists and selectionInformation on green infrastructure and green stormwater infrastructure, including definitions, example and best management practices, operatyion and maintenance, planning, multiple benefits, and case studiesMinimal Impact Design Standards, including definitions, documents, processes, performance goals, and calculator information, including examples, applications, and supporting information for the calculatorWinter management as it applies to stormwater management, including deicing, chloride, best management practice design and performance, and snow managementModels, monitoring, and monitoring guidance, including information on specific models, links, and case studies/applicationsCase studies and examples for a wide range of stormwater topicsThe stormwater wiki has about 2000 images, including photos, schematics, graphs, and moreThere are more than 600 tables with information on a wide variety of stormwater topicsReference information, including a wide range of topics such as crediting, assessing performance, case studies, glossaries, definitions, links, and moreThough links are embedded throughout the stormwater wiki, this categorization may help you find information quickerimagemap for stormwater BMPs
Stormwater Topics found in this stormwater wiki. Mouse hover over an i box to read a description of the practice, or click on an i box to go to a page on the practice.
Retrieved from "https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_Manual_Table_of_Contents&oldid=68706"

This page was last edited on 29 August 2023, at 15:54.