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[[File:Summary image.jpg|100px|left|thumb|alt=image|<font size=3>[ Page video summary]</font size>]]
 
[[File:Street-sweeping.jpg|300px|thumb|alt=image of street sweeper|<font size=3>Image courtesy Sarah Hobbie, University of Minnesota</font size>]]
 
[[File:Street-sweeping.jpg|300px|thumb|alt=image of street sweeper|<font size=3>Image courtesy Sarah Hobbie, University of Minnesota</font size>]]
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[[File:Clean street.jpg|300px|thumb|alt=clean street image|<font size=3>There are multiple reasons for sweeping streets. However, for water quality purposes, sweeping is best done in spring following fruit drop and autumn following leaf drop. In this image, the street was to be swept the day after the image was taken. Very little water quality benefit will be gained from sweeping this street.</font size>]]
  
The MPCA is working on development of a credit for street sweeping. We will update this page as this project proceeds. If you are interested in more information or participating directly in this project, contact [mailto:mike.trojan@state.mn.us Mike Trojan at the MPCA.]
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{{alert|The MPCA hosted a webinar on street sweeping, Thursday May 13, 9:30-11:00 AM. [[Stormwater Manual webinars|Information from the webinar is posted]] and includes a recording of the webinar, the chat file including answers to questions, and speaker presentations.|alert-info}}
  
==Project overview==
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[[Acknowledgements for street sweeping|Acknowledgements]]
MPCA is working with University of Minnesota (U of M) researchers and TetraTech to develop a method for crediting street sweeping. The objective is to develop a credit system that can be used by cities and other entities to calculate reductions in pollutant loading associated with street sweeping. These reductions can be applied toward TMDLs or other water quality objectives.
 
  
The work includes the following tasks.
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[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_Manual_webinars#May_13.2C_2021_-_Street_Sweeping Street sweeping webinar]
#Conduct a literature review of existing credit methodologies
 
#Conduct a survey of street sweeping practices conducted by cities
 
#Conduct research to establish relationships between sweeping practices and pollutant removal
 
#Develop a credit method that can be widely used by cities or other entities
 
  
The project includes a core team consisting of U of M researchers, TetraTech staff, and MPCA staff. A technical support and review team includes representatives from cities, whose role is to provide input as the method is developed.
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'''NOTE:'''Hover over bolded text to see the contents for a page
  
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Street_sweeping_work_plan_for_wiki.docx Link to project scope of work]
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==Information on street sweeping==
*[https://www.wrc.umn.edu/developing-street-sweeping-credit-stormwater-phosphorus-source-reduction Link to description of U of M research]
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*[[Overview, water quality benefits, and other co-benefits of street sweeping]]
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*<span title="This page contains information summarizing recommended sweeping practices, typically to maximize pollutant removal. Information includes when to sweep, recommended equipment, managing sweeping material, cost information, and more."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Recommended_street_sweeping_practices_for_water_quality_purposes '''Recommended street sweeping practices for water quality purposes''']</span>
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*[[Pollutant removal associated with street sweeping]]
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*[[Cost considerations for establishing and maintaining a street sweeping program]]
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*[[Survey of street sweeping crediting approaches]]
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*[[Composition, characterization, and management of street sweepings]]
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*[[Disposal options for street sweeping materials]]
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*[[Tracking street sweeping activities]]
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*[[Case studies for street sweeping]]
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*[[Lessons learned and advice from street sweeping programs]]
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*[[Supporting information]]
  
==Project status and timelines==
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==Street sweeping crediting and Phosphorus Calculator==
*Early 2019: project start up and formation of core and technical support teams
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*Street Sweeping Calculator
*May: literature review submitted
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**[[Street Sweeping Phosphorus Credit Calculator]]
*August: Survey of sweeping practices completed
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**[[Street Sweeping Phosphorus Credit Calculator How-to-Guide]]
*Summer/Fall 2019: research
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**[[Street Sweeping Phosphorus Credit Calculator: User Guide]]
*September: develop draft credit framework
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**[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Street_sweeping_calculator_demo.mp4 Sweeping calculator video]
*Fall 2019/winter 2020: develop detailed credit framework; incorporate research results
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*[[Methods for sampling street sweeping material - Standard Operating Procedures]]
*Summer 2020: research report
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*[[Methods for calculating pollutant reductions (credits) for street sweeping]]
*Fall 2020 and beyond: outreach and communication of credit method to cities and other appropriate audiences
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*[[Accounting for phosphorus load reductions with street sweeping]]
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*[[P8 Street Sweeping Modeling]]
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*[[TSS credits for street sweeping]]
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*[[Guidance for incorporating street sweeping into the Minimal Impact Design Standards Calculator and MPCA’s Simple Estimator]]
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*[[Volume based crediting for street sweeping]]
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*[[Example phosphorus calculations for street sweeping using different methods]]
  
==Literature review==
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==Fact sheets, quick guides==
A literature review was conducted to identify existing street sweeping programs in the United States. Below is some summary information from the review.
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*[[Benefits and cost effectiveness of street sweeping]]
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*[[Recommended practices for a water quality-targeted street sweeping program]]
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*[[Street Sweeping Phosphorus Credit Calculator How-to-Guide]]
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*[[MS4 fact sheet - Street & Parking Lot Sweeping]]
  
Crediting methods vary by governing agency. Over 70% of state MS4 permitting agencies do not require or provide a nutrient or sediment reduction credit for street sweeping, regardless of whether there is an applicable TMDL. Generally, street sweeping is regarded as a good housekeeping measure and annual miles swept are tracked. Most street sweeping programs set schedules and prioritize streets based on traffic volume. Some programs attempt to measure the amount of debris removed by street sweeping. However, relatively few entities establish documented quantifiable crediting methods using research-based estimates of pollutant load removal. Of the roughly 30% of states and the District of Columbia that do have a street sweeping crediting program, half adhere to the Chesapeake Bay TMDL crediting method. While California does not have consistent crediting programs throughout the state, individual permitted entities do have street sweeping crediting programs.  
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==University of Minnesota research on street sweeping==
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*[https://www.wrc.umn.edu/developing-street-sweeping-credit-stormwater-phosphorus-source-reduction Developing a street sweeping credit for stormwater phosphorus source reduction] - this page contains information and the [https://www.wrc.umn.edu/sites/wrc.umn.edu/files/hobbie_msrc_2018_street_sweeping_credit_final_report_12.10.2020.pdf final report] from the U of M study that led to development of the phosphorus calculator. Researchers: Sarah E. Hobbie, Rachel King, Tessa Belo, Lawrence A. Baker, Jacques C. Finlay.
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*[http://stormwater.safl.umn.edu/updates-march-2013 Quantifying Nutrient Removal through Targeted Intensive Street Sweeping] - summary of Prior Lake study, 2010-2013 (Kalinosky et al., 2013). For additional information related to this project, [https://larrybakerlab.cfans.umn.edu/research-themes/source-reduction-improve-urban-stormwater-quality link here]
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**[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Prior_Lake_Street-Sweeping-Study_final-9-24-2014.pdf Prior Lake study:Estimating Nutrient Removal by Enhanced Street Sweeping]
  
While MS4 permits require varying degrees of quantitative and qualitative documentation on street sweeping activities, this literature review focuses on documenting permitting entities that have an established pollutant reduction crediting methodology. These programs typically require documentation, at a minimum, of the length or area of street swept or a measurement of the materials collected with reductions calculated from established pollutant concentrations or reduction efficiencies or individual load reductions based on permittee-specific data.
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==Links==
 
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*Internal
Crediting methods vary widely across programs. Some rely on weight conversions of wet or dry material to an estimated reduction of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, or total suspended sediment. Other programs credit based on lane miles swept. Some programs use advanced modeling and provide a wide array of options based on equipment used, number of times swept, and seasonal breaks.
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**[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Street_sweeping_lit_review.docx Final Street Sweeping: Survey of Crediting Approaches]
 
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**[[Street sweeping for trees]]
To see the literature review, [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Street_sweeping_lit_review.docx link here]. '''NOTE: this document will eventually be fully housed in this wiki.'''
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**[[Trees]]
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**[[MS4 fact sheet - Street & Parking Lot Sweeping]]
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**[[Survey results for managing street sweeping materials]]
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*External
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**[https://www.usgs.gov/centers/umid-water/science/using-leaf-collection-and-street-cleaning-reduce-nutrients-urban?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects Using leaf collection and street cleaning to reduce nutrients in urban stormwater] - This page summarizes on-going research by the United States Geological Survey on street sweeping. Lead researcher - William Selbig.
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**[https://www.chesapeakebay.net/documents/FINAL_APPROVED_Street_and_Storm_Drain_Cleaning_Expert_Panel_Report_--_Complete2.pdf  Recommendations of the Expert Panel to Define Removal Rates for Street and Storm Drain Cleaning Practices] - Final document produced by Chesapeake Bay expert panel
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**[[Neat websites and articles for trees]]
  
 
==Survey of street sweeping practices==
 
==Survey of street sweeping practices==
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*Most cities sweep quarterly or less and most do not specifically sweep in response to fall leave drop
 
*Most cities sweep quarterly or less and most do not specifically sweep in response to fall leave drop
  
The summary information [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Street_sweeping_survey.pdf can be found here]. '''NOTE: We eventually will have more detailed information on the survey results.'''
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The summary information [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Street_sweeping_survey.pdf can be found here].
  
==Recommended links==
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==Related pages==
 
*[[Trees]]
 
*[[Trees]]
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*[[Phosphorus]]
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*[[Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in stormwater]]
 
*[[Street sweeping for trees]]
 
*[[Street sweeping for trees]]
 
*[[Neat websites and articles for trees]]
 
*[[Neat websites and articles for trees]]
*To link to other crediting efforts, [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=File:Street_sweeping_lit_review.docx see the literature review]. '''NOTE: this document will eventually be fully housed in this wiki.'''
 
 
*[[Guidance for managing sediment and wastes collected by pretreatment practices]]: '''Note''' - this page contains some information on disposal of material collected in pretreatment practices, include information on street sweepings
 
*[[Guidance for managing sediment and wastes collected by pretreatment practices]]: '''Note''' - this page contains some information on disposal of material collected in pretreatment practices, include information on street sweepings
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<noinclude>
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[[Category:Level 3 - Best management practices/Nonstructural practices/Street sweeping]]
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</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 01:44, 11 April 2023

image
[ Page video summary]
image of street sweeper
Image courtesy Sarah Hobbie, University of Minnesota
clean street image
There are multiple reasons for sweeping streets. However, for water quality purposes, sweeping is best done in spring following fruit drop and autumn following leaf drop. In this image, the street was to be swept the day after the image was taken. Very little water quality benefit will be gained from sweeping this street.
Information: The MPCA hosted a webinar on street sweeping, Thursday May 13, 9:30-11:00 AM. Information from the webinar is posted and includes a recording of the webinar, the chat file including answers to questions, and speaker presentations.

Acknowledgements

Street sweeping webinar

NOTE:Hover over bolded text to see the contents for a page

Information on street sweeping

Street sweeping crediting and Phosphorus Calculator

Fact sheets, quick guides

University of Minnesota research on street sweeping

Links

Survey of street sweeping practices

The MPCA conducted a survey of cities to determine their street sweeping practices, their interest in a street sweeping credit, and their ability to implement different methods for crediting sweeping. We have not yet fully analyzed the data, but some general conclusions include the following.

  • 75 cities responded to the survey and indicated they operate a sweeping program. This was a response rate of close to 50 percent. The responses were distributed geographically across the state and covered a wide range of city sizes (large to small).
  • About 78 percent indicated they would be likely to participate in a crediting program
  • All but 7 cities can track sweeping information, but 66 percent said they cannot relate material collected to a specific geographic area. This is a question we likely will follow-up with, since being able to relate material to a geographic location is potentially a way of targeting sweeping efforts.
  • Most cities estimate volume or mass of material collected, but few measure volume or mass or have the ability to measure dry weight of material collected
  • Most cities sweep quarterly or less and most do not specifically sweep in response to fall leave drop

The summary information can be found here.

Related pages

This page was last edited on 11 April 2023, at 01:44.