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• Assessing the performance of wet swale (wetland channel)
  {{:Assessing the performance of swales}} *[[Terminology for swales]]
  1 KB (180 words) - 22:21, 23 November 2022
• Wet swale (wetland channel)
  ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio ...d as [[Pretreatment|pretreatment]] practices. Wet swales are commonly used for drainage areas less than 5 acres in size.
  3 KB (451 words) - 22:16, 23 November 2022
• Assessing the performance of dry swale (grass swale)
  {{:Assessing the performance of swales}} ...network and performing field monitoring are found at [[Calculating credits for dry swale (grass swale)|this link]].
  2 KB (266 words) - 02:41, 15 December 2022
• Dry swale (Grass swale)
  ...ntion and detention of stormwater runoff. Because they utilize vegetation, swales provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestration, i ...ically have vegetative cover such as turf or native perennial grasses. Dry swales may be constructed as filtration or infiltration practices, depending on so
  3 KB (435 words) - 16:08, 9 February 2023
• Stormwater filtration practice (grass filters/swales) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals
  <font size=3>'''Stormwater filtration practice (grass filters/swales) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals.'''</font size><br> Link to this [[Stormwater filtration practice (grass filters/swales) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals|table]]
  2 KB (261 words) - 14:08, 26 July 2022
• Assessing the performance of high-gradient stormwater step-pool swale
  {{:Assessing the performance of swales}} ...network and performing field monitoring are found at [[Calculating credits for dry swale (grass swale)|this link]].
  3 KB (362 words) - 02:40, 15 December 2022
• Construction specifications for filtration
  ...CAD/CADD) drawings|link]]. The drawings provide details and specifications for the following filtration systems. *[[Overview for filtration]]
  1 KB (126 words) - 14:45, 11 December 2022
• High-gradient stormwater step-pool swale
  ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio ...at address higher energy flows due to more dramatic slopes than dry or wet swales. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, native vegetation and a san
  4 KB (601 words) - 15:31, 6 December 2022
• Cost-benefit considerations for filtration
  ...ific information. Utilizing the table below and cost estimation worksheets for either [[Bioretention device cost estimate worksheet|bioretention]] or [[Su {{:Cost components for filtration practices}}
  1 KB (193 words) - 20:54, 12 December 2022
• Assessing the performance of swales
  ...ntion and detention of stormwater runoff. Because they utilize vegetation, swales provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestration, i ...exiting a stormwater BMP"> '''effluent'''</span>. If the swale is designed for infiltration, see [[Assessing the performance of bioretention]].
  6 KB (763 words) - 15:26, 27 December 2022
• Filtration
  ...wn below. NOTE that we have included links to images for sand filters and swales in the outline below.|alert-info}} ...ter strips, grass channels), and combination media/vegetative filters (dry swales). Media and media/vegetative filters operate similarly and provide comparab
  6 KB (803 words) - 23:44, 6 December 2022
• References for filtration
  ==References== *Center for Watershed Protection, 1996. [https://owl.cwp.org/mdocs-posts/design-of-sw-f
  3 KB (345 words) - 02:46, 25 February 2023
• Wildlife habitat and biodiversity benefits of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
  ...system in the lower part of the image is likely to provide better habitat for invertebrates and therefore have greater biodiversity because of the greate ...nhance biodiversity at the micro (site) scale. Effects are most pronounced for invertebrate species. Improved ecological function results in greater deliv
  7 KB (960 words) - 17:35, 5 December 2022
• MS4 fact sheets
  This page contains fact sheets for the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Program (MS4). *[[MS4 fact sheet - Best Management Practice (BMP) References]]
  2 KB (298 words) - 19:01, 1 May 2024
• Overview for wet swale (wetland channel)
  ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio ...eatment '''pretreatment''']</span> practices. Wet swales are commonly used for drainage areas less than 5 acres in size.
  14 KB (2,128 words) - 19:42, 27 December 2022
• Air quality benefits of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
  ...(green roofs, tree trenches, bio-retention, stormwater ponds/wetlands, and swales) can be designed, constructed and maintained to reduce emissions of air pol ...est Service Northeastern Regional Station and quantified pollution removal for contaminants such as NO₂, SO₂, CO₂, PM10,
  3 KB (519 words) - 13:59, 6 February 2023
• Multiple benefits of green stormwater infrastructure
  *[[Green Infrastructure benefits of vegetated swales]] ...eferences that may provide additional information on design considerations for incorporating multiple benefits into green stormwater infrastructure practi
  4 KB (417 words) - 13:47, 29 January 2023
• Types of filtration
  ...ariants increases, so does the number of names for each of these variants. For example: *Grass channels are also referred to as biofilters. ([[References for dry swale (grass swale)|Seattle METRO]], 1992 from CWP)
  10 KB (1,641 words) - 22:49, 23 November 2022
• Assessing the performance of sand filters
  ...mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration '''filtering''']</span>. A typical method for assessing the performance of of BMPs with <span title="An underground drain An [http://stormwaterbook.safl.umn.edu/ online manual] for assessing BMP treatment performance was developed in 2010 by Andrew Erickso
  6 KB (792 words) - 15:30, 27 December 2022
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of swales
  ...ntion and detention of stormwater runoff. Because they utilize vegetation, swales provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestration, i ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Wet_swale_(wetland_channel) '''wet swales''']</span>, <span title="Bioswales are landscape elements designed to conce
  25 KB (3,646 words) - 17:19, 28 January 2023
• Green Infrastructure benefits of vegetated swales
  ...ed swales depend on the type of swale. Swale types include dry swales, wet swales, and step-pools. ...esigned to have a rapid infiltration rate, attenuate pollutants, and allow for plant growth."> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design_
  22 KB (3,203 words) - 21:20, 16 February 2023
• Types of swales
  ...ariants increases, so does the number of names for each of these variants. For example: *Grass channels are also referred to as biofilters. ([[References for dry swale (grass swale)|Seattle METRO]], 1992 from CWP)
  10 KB (1,601 words) - 22:37, 23 November 2022
• References for dry swale (grass swale)
  ==References== ...''Fate of naphthalene in laboratory-scale bioretention cells: implications for sustainable stormwater management''. Environmental Science and Technology 4
  3 KB (371 words) - 02:49, 25 February 2023
• Overview for dry swale (grass swale)
  ...ntion and detention of stormwater runoff. Because they utilize vegetation, swales provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestration, i ...ltration practices. Dry swales are designed to prevent standing water. Dry swales typically have [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Plants_f
  23 KB (3,441 words) - 02:41, 15 December 2022
• BMPs for stormwater filtration
  {{alert|Filtration practices can be an important tool for detention of stormwater runoff and treatment of pollutants in stormwater ru ...stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Wet_swale_(wetland_channel) wet swales],
  33 KB (4,581 words) - 15:04, 11 January 2023
• Construction specifications for wet swale (wetland channel)
  ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio ...tormwater runoff and treatment of pollutants in stormwater runoff. Because swales incorporate dense vegetation, additional benefits may include cleaner air,
  14 KB (2,049 words) - 20:44, 27 December 2022
• Climate benefits of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
  ...nts will need to be made during design and maintenance in order to account for the fluctuation in climate, most notably vegetation selection in vegetated ===Accounting for climate change and resilience===
  19 KB (2,800 words) - 17:35, 5 December 2022
• Shallow soils and shallow depth to bedrock
  ...ines for investigation and management are presented below. Special caution for steep slopes and fractured bedrock is urged. ==How to investigate for shallow bedrock==
  11 KB (1,605 words) - 13:16, 15 February 2023
• Minnesota plant lists
  [[File:Plants for Stormwater Design.jpg|300px|thumb|alt=image of Plants for Stormwater Design]] This page introduces sources for the selection of plants for stormwater [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Glossary#B B
  19 KB (2,742 words) - 13:04, 10 February 2023
• Operation and maintenance of swales - supplemental information
  ...ntion and detention of stormwater runoff. Because they utilize vegetation, swales provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestration, i ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Wet_swale_(wetland_channel) '''wet swales''']</span>, <span title="Bioswales are landscape elements designed to conce
  27 KB (4,015 words) - 21:34, 24 January 2023
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of permeable pavement - supplemental information
  ...able pavement may provide additional benefits, including reducing the need for de-icing chemicals, and providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing surf ...needed. The following are recommended annual maintenance inspection points for permeable pavements:
  13 KB (1,791 words) - 14:02, 30 December 2022
• Water quality benefits of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
  ...design of the practice. See [[Calculating credits for stormwater ponds]]. For more information on sedimentation processes, [https://stormwaterbook.safl.u ...retreatment_vegetated_filter_strips '''vegetated filter strips''']</span>, swales, green roofs).
  35 KB (5,020 words) - 17:35, 5 December 2022
• BMPs for stormwater infiltration
  {{alert|Infiltration practices can be an important tool for retention and detention of stormwater runoff and treatment of pollutants in ...ert|Infiltration of stormwater, where appropriate, is a preferred practice for managing stormwater runoff, as it reduces pollutants reaching receiving wat
  43 KB (6,049 words) - 17:06, 1 February 2023
• Case studies for dry swale (grass swale)
  ...ne detailed case study and several short summaries of case studies for dry swales. ...ponding of stormwater occurred at the location and was one of the reasons for the pavement failure. This project is generally located south of Interstat
  19 KB (2,874 words) - 20:16, 12 December 2022
• Dissolved phosphorus in stormwater runoff - sources and management strategies
  ...alt=image of phosphorus speciation|<font size=3>Schematic showing analysis for different forms of phosphorus in water. Filtered phosphorus is considered t ...of dissolved phosphorus in stormwater runoff, its sources, and strategies for managing dissolved phosphorus. While the focus is on urban runoff, the basi
  11 KB (1,529 words) - 21:03, 20 February 2023
• Overview for filtration
  *[[Overview for dry swale (grass swale)]] *[[Overview for high-gradient stormwater step-pool swale]]
  17 KB (2,515 words) - 20:06, 22 November 2022
• Pre-treatment considerations for stormwater infiltration
  ...ntain pretreatment device that will extend the life and reduce maintenance for the infiltration BMP. ...e=2018_Minnesota_Construction_Stormwater_Permit General Stormwater Permit] for construction activity (MNR100001), commonly called the Construction General
  10 KB (1,453 words) - 20:44, 2 February 2023
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of permeable pavement
  ...able pavement may provide additional benefits, including reducing the need for de-icing chemicals, and providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing surf This page provides guidance for operation and maintenance (O&M) of permeable pavement.
  23 KB (3,322 words) - 14:03, 30 December 2022
• MS4 fact sheet - Establishing a Buffer Ordinance
  *Location for greenways and trails *Protection of important stream corridor habitat for wildlife
  8 KB (1,170 words) - 18:32, 22 November 2022
• Operation and maintenance of green roofs - supplemental information
  ...ithout damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/ detention.|ale ...led, they can choke out desirable plants and compete with desirable plants for nutrients and water. Since tree roots can damage roofing components, timely
  12 KB (1,839 words) - 23:38, 3 December 2022
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of filter strips
  This page provides guidance for operation and maintenance (O&M) of filter strips. <span title="an area of p *Additional references
  27 KB (3,909 words) - 13:37, 30 December 2022
• Stormwater management for lake protection and restoration
  ...t have sufficient monitoring data for assessment. The nutrient responsible for these impairments is phosphorus. ...d by factors such as tree cover and soil type. [[Event mean concentrations for total phosphorus|Phosphorus concentrations]] vary with land use but are com
  17 KB (2,478 words) - 21:20, 20 February 2023
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse practices
  ...l Library Cisterns in Underground Parking Garage Harvest Stormwater Runoff For Irrigation, Minneapolis, MN.jpg|300px|thumb|alt=Image of cisterns|<font siz This page provides guidance for operation and maintenance (O&M) of stormwater and rainwater harvest and use
  26 KB (3,670 words) - 17:11, 28 January 2023
• Old Minnesota Stormwater Manual Table of Contents
  ...g and that has powerful search abilities. See [[Introduction to the wiki]] for more information. ...ew development, 9.Case studies for stormwater treatment trains, 10.Process for selecting Best Management Practices"> '''See contents'''</span>
  24 KB (3,277 words) - 15:12, 19 July 2023
• Old Minnesota Stormwater Manual Main page
  ...g and that has powerful search abilities. See [[Introduction to the wiki]] for more information. ...ew development, 9.Case studies for stormwater treatment trains, 10.Process for selecting Best Management Practices"> '''See contents'''</span>
  24 KB (3,277 words) - 15:20, 19 July 2023
• Overview for high-gradient stormwater step-pool swale
  ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Wet_swale_(wetland_channel) '''wet swales''']</span>. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, <span title="A s
  25 KB (3,698 words) - 02:39, 15 December 2022
• Operation and maintenance of filter strips - supplemental information
  ...tated_filter_strips filter strips]'''</span>. For basic information on O&M for filter strips, see [[Operation and maintenance (O&M) of filter strips]]. ...iodegradable, open-weave blankets that provide temporary cover and support for establishing vegetation on bare soil areas."> [https://stormwater.pca.state
  19 KB (2,654 words) - 22:38, 31 January 2023
• Plants for swales
  ...t/files/pfsd-section1.pdf “Plants for Stormwater Design: Species Selection for the Upper Midwest”] (Daniel Shaw and Rusty Schmidt, Minnesota Pollution C ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio
  33 KB (4,525 words) - 17:15, 8 December 2022
• Infiltration Summary Table
  ...excavated trench that is backfilled with a coarse stone aggregate allowing for the temporary storage of runoff in the void space of the material. Discharg ...s, have been developed as alternatives to infiltration basins and trenches for space‐limited sites and stormwater retrofit applications. These systems a
  9 KB (1,410 words) - 18:18, 4 August 2022
• Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in stormwater
  ...at for fish and bottom-dwelling organisms ... Solids also provide a medium for the accumulation, transport and storage of other pollutants including nutri ...ic fraction of TSS, but it appears the organic fraction typically accounts for about 25 to 35 percent of TSS ([http://lakes.chebucto.org/SWT/pollutants.ht
  21 KB (3,012 words) - 20:38, 30 October 2023
• Construction specifications for dry swale (grass swale)
  ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio This page provides a discussion of construction specifications for dry swales ([https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Glossary#I infiltratio
  22 KB (3,332 words) - 20:46, 27 December 2022
• Water quantity and hydrology benefits of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
  ...e considered negligible. See [[Calculating credits for stormwater ponds]]. For more information on sedimentation processes, [https://stormwaterbook.safl.u ...e. Green roofs are effective at retaining water, while volume reduction in swales and filter strips is generally small.
  31 KB (4,513 words) - 22:10, 16 February 2023
• Design criteria for wet swale (wetland channel)
  ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio ....us/index.php?title=Links_to_.dwg_files_for_swales Links to .dwg files for swales]
  25 KB (3,758 words) - 17:15, 29 December 2022
• Decision tools for stormwater infiltration
  ...e.mn.us/index.php?title=High-gradient_stormwater_step-pool_swale step pool swales], and [[Trees|tree trench or tree box with no underdrain]]. Note that some ...or performance goal, although there is a section that provides information for [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Decision_tools_for_stormwater
  23 KB (3,334 words) - 17:06, 11 January 2023
• Calculating credits for wet swale (wetland channel)
  ...al_by_BMPs#References Sources]. NOTE: removal efficiencies are 100 percent for water that is infiltrated.<br> ...cteria; ⁴ From the International Stormwater BMP database, 2016, for total nitrogen; ⁵ No data found.</font size>
  36 KB (5,160 words) - 22:22, 23 November 2022
• Operation and maintenance of wet swale (wetland channel)
  {{alert|Information on operation and maintenance of swales has been updated. The updated information now exists on two separate pages. *[[Operation and maintenance (O&M) of swales]]
  24 KB (3,567 words) - 13:21, 7 February 2023
• Operation and maintenance of tree trenches and tree boxes - supplemental information
  {{alert|Trees can be an important tool for retention and detention of stormwater runoff. Trees provide additional bene ...about 20 gallons of water and zip around the tree trunk. They can be used for trees with a caliper between 1 and 8 inches. Once they are manually filled
  18 KB (2,726 words) - 16:12, 9 February 2023
• Training and certification for green stormwater infrastructure
  ...s specific to Michigan shorelines). A list of trainings and certifications for GSI practitioners or those interested in GSI is provided below. Many of the **Designed for entry-level workers
  16 KB (1,998 words) - 21:10, 3 January 2023
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of tree trenches and tree boxes
  ...t Rail tree system|<font size=3>Cross section of the tree system installed for the Central Corridor Light Rail Transit project in St. Paul, MN. Image cour {{alert|Trees can be an important tool for retention and detention of stormwater runoff. Trees provide additional bene
  28 KB (3,985 words) - 16:12, 9 February 2023
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of stormwater treatment wetland practices
  ...the diverse environment that can inhabit a wetland, they can be beneficial for improving water quality through sediment settling, groundwater infiltration This page provides guidance for operation and maintenance (O&M) of stormwater treatment wetland practices.
  22 KB (3,136 words) - 17:18, 28 January 2023
• Information on pollutant removal by BMPs
  ...ale with underdrain|<font size=3>Schematic of pollutant removal mechanisms for a dry swale with an underdrain.</font size>]] This stormwater manual contains information on pollutant removal for a limited number of pollutants. Links to more detailed or additional inform
  36 KB (5,227 words) - 00:44, 23 January 2023
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse practices - supplemental information
  ...l Library Cisterns in Underground Parking Garage Harvest Stormwater Runoff For Irrigation, Minneapolis, MN.jpg|300px|thumb|alt=Image of cisterns|<font siz ...nd rainwater harvest and use/reuse practices. For basic information on O&M for stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse practices, see [[Operation a
  19 KB (2,688 words) - 17:15, 28 January 2023
• Construction specifications for high-gradient stormwater step-pool swale
  {{alert|Stormwater step pool practices can be an important tool for retention and detention of stormwater runoff and treatment of pollutants in This page provides a discussion of construction specifications for stormwater step pools.
  21 KB (3,094 words) - 20:46, 27 December 2022
• Using the treatment train approach to BMP selection
  ...nd maintenance activities implemented by owners or individuals responsible for industrial and commercial sites that prevent or reduce the contamination of ...porated into landscaped areas. The versatility of the practice also allows for bioretention areas to be frequently employed as stormwater retrofits."> [ht
  38 KB (5,394 words) - 22:06, 16 February 2023
• MPCA review of submittals using the MPCA Simple Estimator
  ...llocations'''</span> (WLAs). If a permittee uses the MPCA Simple Estimator for permit compliance, it is recommended they submit an electronic copy of the *Changes in default values for event mean concentration (emc), runoff coefficients, bmp removal efficienci
  13 KB (2,047 words) - 15:26, 8 December 2022
• Operation and maintenance of bioretention and other stormwater infiltration practices
  {{alert|Bioretention practices can be an important tool for retention and detention of stormwater runoff. Because they utilize vegetati ...porated into landscaped areas. The versatility of the practice also allows for bioretention areas to be frequently employed as stormwater retrofits."> '''
  31 KB (4,328 words) - 22:25, 31 January 2023
• Green Infrastructure benefits of constructed wetlands
  ...It does not include natural wetlands. Natural wetlands should not be used for stormwater management.|alert-warning}} ...settle by gravitation"> '''permanent pool'''</span> and temporary storage for water quality control and runoff quantity control.
  25 KB (3,412 words) - 01:07, 8 February 2023
• Operation and maintenance of dry swale (grass swale)
  {{alert|Information on operation and maintenance of swales has been updated. The updated information now exists on two separate pages. *[[Operation and maintenance (O&M) of swales]]
  26 KB (3,869 words) - 22:32, 31 January 2023
• Operation and maintenance (O&M) of green roofs
  ...ithout damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/ detention.|ale ...ithout damaging the underlying roof system. Green roofs create green space for public benefit, energy efficiency, and stormwater retention/detention.
  25 KB (3,627 words) - 13:45, 30 December 2022
• Overview for permeable pavement
  ...able pavement may provide additional benefits, including reducing the need for de-icing chemicals, and providing a durable and aesthetically pleasing surf ...le interlocking concrete pavers (PICP). Permeable pavements have been used for areas with light traffic at commercial and residential sites to replace tra
  15 KB (2,185 words) - 19:28, 27 December 2022
• Vegetated filter strip detailed maintenance activity description
  ...page is in edit and testing by the wiki authors. It is not a content page for the Manual. Information on this page may not be accurate and should not be ...ze, a minimum of 60 days before the first expected frost should be allowed for the vegetation to grow. Soil stabilization practices such as erosion-contro
  13 KB (1,826 words) - 02:49, 10 February 2023
• Determining soil infiltration rates
  ...ion measurements such as double ring infiltrometers, are preferred methods for measuring infiltration rates, compared to soil borings and pits. Image: [ht ...n field measurements be divided by 2 to provide a safety factor accounting for decreased infiltration rates over time|alert-warning}}
  28 KB (4,170 words) - 23:33, 25 January 2023
• Minnesota Stormwater Manual test page 5
  ...n edit and testing page use by the wiki authors. It is not a content page for the Manual. Information on this page may not be accurate and should not be ...itle="This page provides links to pages providing cost-benefit information for stormwater best management practices"> [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/
  48 KB (6,516 words) - 21:10, 10 April 2023
• Available stormwater models and selecting a model
  ...aulic models indicate whether unsteady flow calculations can be conducted. For water quality models, the tables indicate whether the model is a receiving ...odels, which results in more complexity in model calibration (WEF, 2012). For example, estimating peak runoff rates is a different problem than estimatin
  28 KB (4,130 words) - 11:36, 2 February 2023
• Case studies for wet swale
  ...discharges to the Fox River, which contains identified impaired stretches for the designated uses of aquatic life and fish consumption. As a tributary t ...ed to reflect stream restoration or stabilization nor present any guidance for <span title="Fluvial processes include the motion of sediment and erosion o
  27 KB (3,916 words) - 20:08, 12 December 2022
• Green Infrastructure benefits of permeable pavement
  ...runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for temporary storage and/or infiltration. The most commonly used permeable pav ...r_and_rainwater_harvest_and_use/reuse harvest and reuse]'''</span> systems for irrigation;
  19 KB (2,645 words) - 21:23, 16 February 2023
• Overview and management strategies for bacteria in stormwater
  ...isease-producing (pathogenic) organisms are not easily identified. Testing for them is difficult, expensive, and time-consuming. Instead, fecal coliforms ...ote that the focus is on bacteria because bacteria are used as a surrogate for assessing potential contamination by pathogenic microorganisms. A short sec
  31 KB (4,336 words) - 13:13, 7 February 2023
• Green Infrastructure benefits of infiltration practices
  ...structure. Green Infrastructure elements are planned and managed primarily for stormwater control, but also exhibit social, economic and environmental ben ...tion, see [[Stormwater infiltration Best Management Practices]] and [[BMPs for stormwater infiltration]].
  31 KB (4,224 words) - 19:32, 31 January 2023
• Support document for Checklist for bacteria source inventory
  ...ents 22.3 and 22.4. This page provides guidance and supporting information for the checklist. Link to the checklist: [[File:Checklist for bacteria source inventory.xlsx]]
  50 KB (7,101 words) - 03:27, 25 February 2023
• Phosphorus in stormwater
  ...ilable, while paarticulate forms are typically less than 25% bioavailable. For a discussion of dissolved and particulate fractions in stormwate rrunoff, s ...use, ranging from about 0.19 mg/L from open space areas to about 0.32 mg/L for residential areas. TP export from urban land uses are typically 1-3 lb/ac/y
  44 KB (6,189 words) - 13:56, 11 February 2023
• Design criteria for dry swale (grass swale)
  ...[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Glossary#U underdrain] for filtration practices. ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio
  43 KB (6,506 words) - 16:08, 29 December 2022
• Calculating credits for dry swale (grass swale)
  ...al_by_BMPs#References Sources]. NOTE: removal efficiencies are 100 percent for water that is infiltrated.<br> ...ected to calculate credits. The model selected depends on your objectives. For compliance with the Construction Stormwater permit, the model must be based
  65 KB (9,893 words) - 13:52, 29 December 2022
• Sediment control practices - Buffer zones
  ...e Buffer Map] to help landowners determine if their property is identified for buffer protection. The most recent and complete version of the Buffer Law, {{alert|Buffer zones should not be used as stand-alone stormwater practices for a construction site.|alert-warning}}
  27 KB (3,995 words) - 14:20, 14 February 2023
• Quick guide
  6. [[Overview of basic stormwater concepts|General Principles for Stormwater Management]]<br> 7. [[Overview of basic stormwater concepts|References]]
  63 KB (7,400 words) - 13:08, 26 January 2023
• Sediment control practices - Check dams (ditch checks, ditch dikes)
  ...es should not be used for check dam applications, as they are not intended for concentrated flow areas. ...infiltration is an added benefit. Check dams are not a suitable substitute for major perimeter sediment trapping measures and can be easily washed away b
  28 KB (4,232 words) - 14:27, 14 February 2023
• What's New
  {{alert|For more detailed information about some of the updates described below, see [[ **[[TP and TSS credits and guidance for manufactured treatment devices (mtds)]]
  60 KB (8,737 words) - 18:14, 19 July 2023
• Integrated stormwater management
  ...n eventual [[Glossary#R|receiving water]]. It is the process of accounting for all of these factors (e.g. rate, volume, quality, ground water impact) in a ...rated Stormwater Design Principles''' (Source: [http://www.cwp.org/ Center for Watershed Protection])
  23 KB (3,455 words) - 12:36, 14 February 2023
• Calculating credits for infiltration basin
  #REDIRECT [[Calculating credits for infiltration]] ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_removal_by_BMPs#References Sources].<br>
  37 KB (5,249 words) - 16:07, 18 July 2022
• Operation and maintenance of high-gradient stormwater step-pool swale
  {{alert|Information on operation and maintenance of swales has been updated. The updated information now exists on two separate pages. *[[Operation and maintenance (O&M) of swales]]
  28 KB (4,150 words) - 13:38, 11 February 2023
• Calculating credits for sand filter
  ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_removal_by_BMPs#References Sources].'''<br> ...ected to calculate credits. The model selected depends on your objectives. For compliance with the Construction Stormwater permit, the model must be based
  51 KB (7,365 words) - 20:08, 22 November 2022
• Calculating credits for infiltration
  ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_removal_by_BMPs#References Sources].<br> | colspan="8" style="text-align: center;" |Pollutant removal is 100 percent for the volume that is captured and infiltrated
  42 KB (5,899 words) - 14:22, 26 July 2022
• Summary of changes in Version 4 Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS) Calculator
  ...Impact_Design_Standards_(MIDS)_Calculator#Accounting_for_bypass Accounting for bypass in non-infiltration and undersized BMPs] | colspan="7" style="text-align: center;"| '''Pollutant removal percent for different pond conditions and design levels'''
  28 KB (4,322 words) - 14:19, 2 April 2024
• Operation and maintenance of bioretention and other stormwater infiltration practices - supplemental information
  {{alert|Bioretention practices can be an important tool for retention and detention of stormwater runoff. Because they utilize vegetati ...://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/wq-strm4-16.pdf MPCA’s guidance for reuse and disposal].
  24 KB (3,487 words) - 22:28, 31 January 2023
• BMP practices construction costs maintenance costs and land requirements
  ...costs. Barr identified a range of typical construction and operating costs for eight1 ...en they occurred. A major element of this effort was to normalize the data for 2010 Minnesota costs.
  36 KB (5,524 words) - 14:44, 8 December 2022
• Default TSS and TP loads for different land use scenarios using the MPCA Simple Estimator
  [[file:Check it out.png|100px|thumb|left|alt=download for Estimator|<font size=3>[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title= *Group 1: Areas that have been built out for decades (e.g. St. Paul). TP = 0.643 lb/ac/yr. TSS = 174.5 lb/ac/yr.
  22 KB (3,383 words) - 14:57, 8 December 2022
• Erosion prevention practices - turf reinforcement mats
  ...tion on slopes, and permanent armoring and vegetation support for ditches, swales, and channels. They are composed of UV stabilized, synthetic fibers, filame ...TRMs are used to provide temporary cover for bare soil, long-term support for vegetation, and permanent armoring against shear stress caused by flowing w
  24 KB (3,596 words) - 18:00, 11 January 2023
• Surface water and groundwater quality impacts from stormwater infiltration
  ...ination from different chemicals is summarized below. Specific information for each chemcial can be found at the links below. ...soil or media adsorption sites are exhausted. Breakthrough is not expected for decades in most media.
  22 KB (3,102 words) - 19:21, 20 February 2023
• Construction stormwater practices - diversion and working in the dry
  .../temporary_dikes) Diversion barrier controls (cofferdams/temporary dikes)] for a discussion on the use of cofferdams and diversion dikes/berms. ...channel, pipe, or similar practice to allow a relatively dry working space for construction activities that require these conditions. In addition to restr
  29 KB (4,320 words) - 12:59, 2 February 2023
• Design, construction, operation and maintenance specifications for pretreatment vegetated filter strips
  ...ng|300px|thumb|alt=filter strip schematic|<font size=3>Plan view schematic for a pretreatment vegetated filter strip, indicating that slope should be 0 pe ...ntrate after 100 feet of flow length for impervious surfaces, and 150 feet for pervious surfaces. When flow concentrates, it moves too rapidly to be effec
  34 KB (4,831 words) - 14:19, 6 February 2023
• Calculating credits for stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse
  ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_removal_by_BMPs#References Sources].<br> | colspan="8" style="text-align: center;" |Pollutant removal is 100 percent for the volume that is captured and infiltrated. If captured water is routed to
  45 KB (6,471 words) - 21:16, 28 July 2022
• Erosion prevention practices - erosion control blankets and anchoring devices
  ...iodegradable, open-weave blankets that provide temporary cover and support for establishing vegetation on bare soil areas. ECBs provide cover for bare soil and support for emergent vegetation (i.e., typically grass) from the time of seeding until
  21 KB (3,010 words) - 18:07, 11 January 2023
• Design considerations for green stormwater infrastructure best management practices
  ...d be included during the design phase of a project. For information on O&M for GSI practices, see [[Operation and maintenance of green stormwater infrastr **For bioinfiltration (bioretention without an underdrain), use a high organic ma
  58 KB (8,166 words) - 17:00, 21 December 2022
• Calculating credits for sand (media) filters
  ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_removal_by_BMPs#References Sources].'''<br> ...on enhanced sand filters is covered on another page: [[Calculating credits for iron enhanced sand filter]]|alert-info}}
  51 KB (7,398 words) - 14:29, 2 February 2023
• Calculating credits for permeable pavement
  ...ces Sources]. NOTE: removal efficiencies are 100 percent of captured water for systems with no underdrain'''.<br> ...ected to calculate credits. The model selected depends on your objectives. For compliance with the Construction Stormwater permit, the model must be based
  58 KB (8,708 words) - 02:30, 15 December 2022
• Design, construction, operation and maintenance specifications for vegetated filter strips
  #REDIRECT [[Design, construction, operation and maintenance specifications for pretreatment vegetated filter strips]] ...ng|300px|thumb|alt=filter strip schematic|<font size=3>Plan view schematic for a pretreatment vegetated filter strip, indicating that slope should be 0 pe
  36 KB (5,202 words) - 14:24, 6 February 2023
• Calculating credits for stormwater ponds
  ...rmwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_removal_by_BMPs#References Sources].'''<br> ...nly iron enhanced pond benches are discussed in this manual as a mechanism for retaining dissolved phosphorus.'''
  59 KB (8,449 words) - 18:13, 1 August 2022
• Adapting stormwater criteria for receiving waters
  ...an be more area designated and managed for specially protected waters than for regular ones. This page presents a condensed framework for managing stormwater when these [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.ph
  45 KB (6,677 words) - 13:36, 6 January 2023
• Overview for Infiltration trench
  #REDIRECT [[Overview for infiltration]] ...rvious area is being created, and the permit] stipulates certain standards for various categories of stormwater management practices.
  18 KB (2,669 words) - 19:46, 27 December 2022
• Overview and methods of pretreatment
  ...d using [https://shsam.barr.com/ SHSAM], or follow guidance in this manual for [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Design,_construction,_o ...rom being overloaded, primarily by sediment. Pretreatment is also required for post-construction practices covered under the [https://stormwater.pca.state
  22 KB (3,030 words) - 22:32, 28 January 2023
• Multiple benefits of green infrastructure and role of green infrastructure in sustainability and ecosystem services
  The natural environment provides basic services required for humans and all life to survive. These ecosystem services can be divided int ...ic compounds from carbon dioxide. Plants and algae are largely responsible for primary production. Other examples of supporting services are nutrient cycl
  45 KB (6,253 words) - 13:29, 10 February 2023
• Overview for infiltration
  ...ch, the dry well and the underground infiltration system. To see overviews for other infiltration practices, see the following sections. *[[Overview for bioretention]]
  23 KB (3,321 words) - 19:29, 11 August 2022
• Overview for Infiltration basin
  #REDIRECT [[Overview for infiltration]] ...ch, the dry well and the underground infiltration system. To see overviews for other infiltration practices, see the following sections.
  20 KB (2,933 words) - 19:34, 11 August 2022
• Stormwater research
  ...il], the [https://www.cts.umn.edu/research/search?search=Stormwater Center for Transportation Studies], the [https://stormwater.safl.umn.edu/ St. Anthony ...ader is referred to the Manual’s subject-specific pages for discussion and references related to research on a given topic.
  21 KB (3,122 words) - 21:56, 22 April 2024
• Potential stormwater hotspots
  ...ta Regulated hotspots are subject to the NPDES Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Activity, and/or local ordinances. ...=common operations to assess pshs|<font size=3>Common operations and areas for assessing PSHs include management of turf, waste, loading docks, downspouts
  20 KB (2,956 words) - 20:49, 2 February 2023
• Design criteria for filtration
  ...ED'' - Indicates design guidance that is extremely beneficial or necessary for proper functioning of the filtration practice, but not specifically require ''RECOMMENDED'' - Indicates design guidance that is helpful for filtration practice performance but not critical to the design.
  42 KB (6,383 words) - 18:54, 29 December 2022
• Main Page
  ...g and that has powerful search abilities. See [[Introduction to the wiki]] for more information. ...ew development, 9.Case studies for stormwater treatment trains, 10.Process for selecting Best Management Practices"> '''See contents'''</span>
  56 KB (8,201 words) - 14:14, 2 April 2024
• Green stormwater infrastructure - climate resiliency and climate adaptation
  ...erature can intensify the urban heat island effect, putting people at risk for heat exhaustion and heat stroke (USEPA, 2022a). Climate change also affects ...Foster et al., 2011), tree trenches/boxes with underdrains, biofiltration, swales with permeable check dams, permeable pavement with underdrains, preservatio
  27 KB (3,940 words) - 14:35, 26 January 2023
• Sediment control practices - Vehicle tracking BMPs
  ...px|alt=photo of vehicle tracking pad|<font size=3>Properly constructed BMP for vehicle tracking.</font size>]] Vehicle tracking BMPs are appropriate during the construction period for all sites with vehicles passing through disturbed areas prior to entering p
  20 KB (3,043 words) - 12:49, 15 February 2023
• Event mean concentrations of total suspended solids in stormwater runoff
  ...or land uses not included above, see the table [[Event mean concentrations for total suspended solids]] ...ge size."> '''suspended solids'''</span> (TSS) in urban stormwater runoff. For a discussion of TSS in stormwater runoff, including information on sources,
  42 KB (6,054 words) - 16:46, 23 March 2023
• Process for selecting Best Management Practices
  ...d verifying the performance of stormwater best management practices (BMPs) for Clean Water Act compliance purposes.</font size>]] ...most able to address an identified problem. Selecting an inappropriate BMP for a site could lead to adverse resource impacts, friction with regulators if
  40 KB (6,039 words) - 14:08, 11 February 2023
• Erosion prevention practices - Riprap
  ...lined channel|<font size=3>Example of a riprap lined channel. Click image for more info. (Source: Tetra Tech)</font size>]] ...(usually made of compacted soil) separating two areas"> '''berms'''</span> for <span title="a designed depression in the landscape utilized to settle out
  37 KB (5,442 words) - 17:55, 11 January 2023
• Guidance and examples for using the MPCA Estimator
  [[file:Check it out.png|100px|thumb|left|alt=download for Estimator|<font size=3>[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title= [[file:Check it out.png|100px|thumb|left|alt=video link for guidance|<font size=3>[https://youtu.be/FtlJ8pzyW5k Guidance video]</font s
  98 KB (15,156 words) - 16:40, 5 January 2023
• Design criteria for stormwater wetlands
  ...ed''': Indicates design guidance that is extremely beneficial or necessary for proper functioning of the wetland, but not specifically required by the MPC <P>'''Recommended''': Indicates design guidance that is helpful for stormwater wetland performance but not critical to the design.</P>
  34 KB (5,308 words) - 18:50, 29 December 2022
• Calculating credits for bioretention
  ...al_by_BMPs#References Sources]. NOTE: removal efficiencies are 100 percent for water that is infiltrated.<br> ...ected to calculate credits. The model selected depends on your objectives. For compliance with the Construction Stormwater permit, the model must be based
  70 KB (10,269 words) - 20:36, 17 November 2022
• Credits for Better Site design
  ...[Better site design|better site design]] approaches that could be eligible for water quality volume reduction [[Overview of stormwater credits|stormwater ...Construction General Permit] (CGP). These formulas provide just one option for local authorities to consider. The approach used in these examples subtract
  44 KB (6,627 words) - 14:13, 6 February 2023
• Calculating credits for tree trenches and tree boxes
  ...al_by_BMPs#References Sources]. NOTE: removal efficiencies are 100 percent for water that is infiltrated.<br> ...ected to calculate credits. The model selected depends on your objectives. For compliance with the Construction Stormwater permit, the model must be based
  75 KB (11,201 words) - 18:43, 13 December 2022
• Stormwater infiltration guidance for sites with known or high potential for soil or groundwater contamination on or off-site
  ...tion about the likely presence of contaminants, see [[Screening assessment for contamination at potential stormwater infiltration sites]]. ...tion about the likely presence of contaminants, see [[Screening assessment for contamination at potential stormwater infiltration sites]].|alert-info}}
  31 KB (4,546 words) - 14:23, 11 February 2023
• Sediment control practices - Sediment traps and basins
  ...ith_Forebay|<font size=3>Temporary sediment trap with forebay, click image for more information (Source: Tetra Tech) </font size>]] ...is directly connected."> '''contributing drainage area'''</span> and plans for post-construction stormwater management, as discussed below.
  45 KB (6,689 words) - 12:37, 15 February 2023
• Better site design
  ...effectively treat [[Glossary#S|stormwater]] [[Glossary#R|runoff]] (Center for Watershed Protection, 1998a) and promote the [[Using the treatment train ap ...ID), design with nature, sustainable development, sustainable site design (for LEED certification) and conservation design.|alert-success}}
  71 KB (10,558 words) - 11:52, 2 February 2023
• Design criteria for high-gradient stormwater step-pool swale
  ...[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Glossary#U underdrain] for filtration practices. ...and detention of stormwater runoff. Depending on design and construction, swales may provide additional benefits, including cleaner air, carbon sequestratio
  65 KB (10,011 words) - 17:11, 29 December 2022
• Event mean concentrations of total and dissolved phosphorus in stormwater runoff
  ...or land uses not included above, see the table [[Event mean concentrations for total phosphorus]] ...on sources, fate, and water quality impacts, see [[Phosphorus|this page]]. For a discussion of event mean concentrations, see [[Stormwater pollutant conce
  66 KB (9,306 words) - 16:44, 23 March 2023
• Karst
  ...ery short distances ([https://chesapeakestormwater.net/stormwater-guidance-for-karst-terrain/ Karst Working Group], 2009). Generalized maps of active kars ...e nature of the overlying soils be evaluated with respect to the potential for catastrophic failure given the increase in hydrostatic pressure created by
  39 KB (5,776 words) - 15:57, 31 January 2023
• Introduction to stormwater modeling
  ...ffectiveness of water quality treatment by BMPs. If monitoring data exists for the specific combination of precipitation and site conditions under conside ..., so numerical (nearly always computer-based) models are the standard tool for stormwater management.
  65 KB (9,680 words) - 15:36, 20 February 2023
• Minnesota Stormwater Manual email Updates
  ...mate dates when emails are sent to subscribers. We welcome recommendations for featured topics and links to case studies and other items of information. P *[[TP and TSS credits and guidance for manufactured treatment devices (mtds)]]
  73 KB (10,517 words) - 17:44, 19 July 2023
• Response to comments
  ...n's portal for post-construction technical standards rather than standards for a specific BMP. ...eable Pavement Performance Summary|Regarding this page]] - Is there a typo for the retention volume? If 100% performance goal achieved, and 0 outflow from
  139 KB (19,236 words) - 15:31, 19 July 2023
• Planning green stormwater infrastructure projects and practices
  ...structure. Green Infrastructure elements are planned and managed primarily for stormwater control, but also exhibit social, economic and environmental ben *help practitioners plan for incorporating green stormwater infrastructure into their communities,
  66 KB (9,074 words) - 22:00, 21 February 2023
• Cold climate impact on runoff management
  ...nesota on the impact of climate change on stormwater and meltwater runoff. For more information on this topic, see Chapter 5 of MPCA’s [https://stormwat ...th snowmelt runoff is that water volume in the form of snow and ice builds for several months and suddenly releases with the advent of warm weather in the
  78 KB (12,338 words) - 13:58, 20 February 2023
• Design criteria for stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse
  ..., and water quality recommendations and/or regulations. The design process for each project must be flexible and rigorous enough to address these factors. ...]; [https://www.watersensitivesa.com/resources/guidelines/technical-manual-for-water-sensitive-urban-design-in-greater-adelaide/ Water Sensitive SA]). Th
  113 KB (16,329 words) - 17:02, 29 December 2022
• Design criteria for stormwater ponds
  ...ed'' - Indicates design guidance that is extremely beneficial or necessary for proper functioning of the constructed pond, but not specifically required b ''Recommended'' - Indicates design guidance that is helpful for constructed performance but not critical to the design.
  50 KB (7,726 words) - 18:02, 29 December 2022
• Spent lime, calcium water treatment residuals and application in stormwater
  ...ater_management a section] focused specifically on stormwater applications for calcium water treatment residuals. ...bout the general properties and applications of calcium have applicability for stormwater management.
  62 KB (8,932 words) - 21:08, 21 February 2023
• References for stormwater infiltration
  Also see [[References for infiltration]] *Adams, Michele. 2011. ''Infiltration and Karst: Design Considerations for Success''. [Powerpoint Slides] N.p.: Meliora Environmental Design, LLC.
  42 KB (5,573 words) - 02:46, 25 February 2023