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Stormwater filtration practice (media filters; includes sand filters, peat mixed with sand, and other) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals
...filtration practice (media filters; includes sand filters, peat mixed with sand, and other) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals.'''<b ...filtration practice (media filters; includes sand filters, peat mixed with sand, and other) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals|table]]

2 KB (275 words) - 14:08, 26 July 2022
Types of sand (media) filters
...irst-flush filtration, or media filtration systems. The following types of sand filter systems are appropriate for Minnesota, depending upon project scale ==Surface sand filter==

9 KB (1,374 words) - 18:59, 31 January 2023
Overview for sand (media) filters
...|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand filter basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size ...with high percentages of impervious cover (e.g., greater than 50%). Media filters are typically designed with an underdrain, which makes them a good option f

13 KB (1,897 words) - 13:47, 29 December 2022
Calculating credits for sand (media) filters
...ter;" |'''Recommended pollutant removal efficiencies, in percent, for sand filters. [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_remo ...ilters is covered on another page: [[Calculating credits for iron enhanced sand filter]]|alert-info}}

51 KB (7,398 words) - 14:29, 2 February 2023
Relative pollutant reduction for sand filters
'''Relative pollutant reduction from sand filter systems for metals, nitrogen, bacteria, and organics.''' Link to this [[Relative pollutant reduction for sand filters|table]] 

1 KB (218 words) - 16:22, 4 August 2022
Acknowledgements for iron enhanced sand filters
...thank everyone who contributed data and information on iron enhanced sand filters (IESFs) or participated in meetings to discuss and share information on IES

975 bytes (146 words) - 19:02, 15 July 2022
Assessing the performance of sand filters
...basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. If this sand filter is performing properly, it will drain within 48 hours. Photo courtes ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

6 KB (792 words) - 15:30, 27 December 2022
Construction specifications for sand (media) filters
*[[Types of sand (media) filters|Underground Sand Filter]] *[[Types of sand (media) filters|Surface Sand Filter]]

3 KB (386 words) - 13:46, 29 December 2022
Assessing the performance of sand (media) filters
...basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. If this sand filter is performing properly, it will drain within 48 hours. Photo courtes ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

7 KB (990 words) - 13:47, 29 December 2022
Cost-benefit considerations for sand (media) filters
...et|bioretention]] or [[Surface sand filter cost estimate worksheet|surface sand filter]] will allow designers to more accurately estimate the cost of a fil {{:Surface sand filter cost estimate worksheet}}

2 KB (208 words) - 02:11, 29 December 2022
Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)
'''Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)''' Link to this [[Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)|table]]

3 KB (540 words) - 15:20, 27 December 2022

Page text matches

Construction specifications for sand (media) filters
*[[Types of sand (media) filters|Underground Sand Filter]] *[[Types of sand (media) filters|Surface Sand Filter]]

3 KB (386 words) - 13:46, 29 December 2022
Cost-benefit considerations for sand (media) filters
...et|bioretention]] or [[Surface sand filter cost estimate worksheet|surface sand filter]] will allow designers to more accurately estimate the cost of a fil {{:Surface sand filter cost estimate worksheet}}

2 KB (208 words) - 02:11, 29 December 2022
Sand filter
...|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand filter basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size ...with high percentages of impervious cover (e.g., greater than 50%). Media filters are typically designed with an underdrain, which makes them a good option f

3 KB (455 words) - 13:45, 29 December 2022
Iron enhanced sand filter (Minnesota Filter)
Sand Filters (IESFs), given by Dr. David Fairbairn [[File:Fairbairn WRC 2020-10-19 (1).p ...alt=photo of an iron enhanced sand filter basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size

3 KB (498 words) - 19:02, 28 December 2022
Settling chamber surface area
...ize=3>'''Settling chamber surface area for sand filters and perimeter sand filters'''. <th rowspan=2 colspan=2><center>'''Sand Filter'''</center></th>

1 KB (206 words) - 16:21, 4 August 2022
Processes utilized by Best Management Practices - Filters
'''Processes utilized by Best Management Practices - Filters. Sources: WEF, 2012; Strecker, 2005.''' Link to this [[Processes utilized by Best Management Practices - Filters|table]]

3 KB (539 words) - 02:43, 15 December 2022
Stormwater filtration practice (media filters; includes sand filters, peat mixed with sand, and other) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals
...filtration practice (media filters; includes sand filters, peat mixed with sand, and other) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals.'''<b ...filtration practice (media filters; includes sand filters, peat mixed with sand, and other) outflow concentrations and pollutant removals|table]]

2 KB (275 words) - 14:08, 26 July 2022
Assessing the performance of sand (media) filters
...basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. If this sand filter is performing properly, it will drain within 48 hours. Photo courtes ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

7 KB (990 words) - 13:47, 29 December 2022
Recommend filtration efficiency for P8
<td>Sand filters and biofiltration [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Calcu <td>Iron-enhanced sand filter [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Calculating_cred

899 bytes (128 words) - 14:46, 4 August 2022
Pollutant removal percentages for filtration BMPs
<td>see [[Information on pollutant removal by BMPs#Filtration practice (grass filters/swales)|here]]</td> <td>see [[Information on pollutant removal by BMPs#Filtration practice (grass filters/swales)|here]]</td>

1 KB (220 words) - 16:22, 4 August 2022
Construction specifications for filtration
*[[Types of filtration|Underground Sand Filter]] *[[Types of filtration|Surface Sand Filter]]

1 KB (126 words) - 14:45, 11 December 2022
Filtration
...le pages shown below. NOTE that we have included links to images for sand filters and swales in the outline below.|alert-info}} ...provide comparable water quality capabilities as bioretention. Vegetative filters are generally more suitable as [[Glossary#P|pretreatment]] practices, but i

6 KB (803 words) - 23:44, 6 December 2022
Cost-benefit considerations for filtration
...et|bioretention]] or [[Surface sand filter cost estimate worksheet|surface sand filter]] will allow designers to more accurately estimate the cost of a fil {{:Surface sand filter cost estimate worksheet}}

1 KB (193 words) - 20:54, 12 December 2022
Operation and maintenance of filtration
The most frequently cited maintenance concern for filters is surface and [[Glossary#U|underdrain]] clogging caused by organic matter, ...ating instructions for drawdown valves, gates and removable weirs (surface filters only);

7 KB (899 words) - 13:51, 29 December 2022
Operation and maintenance of iron enhanced sand filter
...the iron-sand filter bed (see [[Operation and maintenance of iron enhanced sand filter#Post construction operation and maintenance|discussion below]]). ...ms with operation and maintenance (O&M). In particular, with iron-enhanced sand filter construction, the most important action for preventing operations an

6 KB (831 words) - 18:31, 13 December 2022
Pollutant concentrations and removals for iron enhanced filters
'''Pollutant concentrations and removals for iron enhanced filters'''. Link to this [[Pollutant concentrations and removals for iron enhanced filters|table]]

2 KB (316 words) - 16:25, 4 August 2022
Relative pollutant reduction for sand filters
'''Relative pollutant reduction from sand filter systems for metals, nitrogen, bacteria, and organics.''' Link to this [[Relative pollutant reduction for sand filters|table]] 

1 KB (218 words) - 16:22, 4 August 2022
Aaron test ms4 photo library
...ilter,_media_filter_photos Sand filters, iron enhanced sand filters, media filters]

7 KB (937 words) - 16:23, 7 May 2024
Practices for controlling pollutants in stormwater runoff
<td rowspan=8>Filters </td> <td>Surface sand filter</td>

2 KB (383 words) - 02:47, 15 December 2022
Types of sand (media) filters
...irst-flush filtration, or media filtration systems. The following types of sand filter systems are appropriate for Minnesota, depending upon project scale ==Surface sand filter==

9 KB (1,374 words) - 18:59, 31 January 2023
Recommended maintenance activities for media filters
'''Recommended maintenance activities for media filters (Sources: WMI, 1997; Pitt, 1997)'''. Link to this [[Recommended maintenance activities for media filters|table]]

2 KB (358 words) - 16:22, 4 August 2022
CADD images for individual best management practices
==Sand filters== *Perimiter sand filter details: [[File:Perimeter Sand Filter PERIMETER SAND FILTER DETAILS (1).pdf]]

6 KB (929 words) - 15:42, 19 July 2022
Types of iron enhanced sand filter
This page describes two types of iron-enhanced practices - sand filters and pond benches. ==Iron-enhanced sand filter basin==

7 KB (1,032 words) - 22:42, 23 November 2022
Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)
'''Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)''' Link to this [[Do's and Don'ts of Iron Enhanced Sand Filters (IESFs)|table]]

3 KB (540 words) - 15:20, 27 December 2022
Cost estimate worksheets
...this image contains an image of a cost estimate worksheet for surface sand filters]]

1 KB (167 words) - 14:38, 8 December 2022
Overview for iron enhanced sand filter
...|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand filter basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Ramsey-Washington Watershed ...b|300px|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand bench|Iron enhanced sand bench, Prior Lake, MN. Photo courtesy of Ross Bintner.]]

15 KB (2,186 words) - 18:59, 28 December 2022
Overview for sand (media) filters
...|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand filter basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size ...with high percentages of impervious cover (e.g., greater than 50%). Media filters are typically designed with an underdrain, which makes them a good option f

13 KB (1,897 words) - 13:47, 29 December 2022
Assessing the performance of sand filters
...basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. If this sand filter is performing properly, it will drain within 48 hours. Photo courtes ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

6 KB (792 words) - 15:30, 27 December 2022
Pretreatment practice compatibility with downstream structural stormwater BMPs
<td>Sand Filters</td> <td>Iron Enhanced Sand Filter</td>

2 KB (385 words) - 19:20, 4 August 2022
References for filtration
*[[Assessing the performance of sand (media) filters]] *[[Calculating credits for sand filter]]

3 KB (345 words) - 02:46, 25 February 2023
MPCA-approved mechanisms and values for removal of dissolved phosphorus from stormwater runoff
==Iron in iron enhanced sand filters== ...struction was successful (see [[Assessing the performance of iron enhanced sand filter]]), and

6 KB (844 words) - 18:25, 24 January 2023
Climate, soil, terrain factors affecting BMP selection
aSee [[Sand filters|sand filters]], [[Dry swale (Grass swale)]], [[High-gradient stormwater step-pool swale]

3 KB (437 words) - 00:31, 1 December 2022
Types of swales
*Sand filters are also referred to as filtration basins, filter systems, first-flush filt ==Media Filters==

10 KB (1,601 words) - 22:37, 23 November 2022
Types of filtration
*Sand filters are also referred to as filtration basins, filter systems, first-flush filt ==Media filters==

10 KB (1,641 words) - 22:49, 23 November 2022
Structural stormwater Best Management Practices
##[[Sand filters]] #[[Iron enhanced sand filter (Minnesota Filter)]]

3 KB (369 words) - 19:11, 8 December 2022
Summary of BMP Land Areas from Estimator Models
<td>Sand Filters</td>

1 KB (198 words) - 20:46, 3 August 2022
BMP pollutant removal for total nitrogen
bExcludes vertical sand filters and filter strips 

1 KB (200 words) - 19:49, 1 August 2022
MN CSW Permit Section 17 Filtration Systems
...ation areas, swales using underdrains with check dams and underground sand filters. If [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=MN_CSW_Permit_Secti

4 KB (519 words) - 20:43, 17 November 2022
Comparison of BMP Land Area Estimator Models to Study Data
<td>Sand Filters</td>

1 KB (199 words) - 02:47, 5 August 2022
Comparison of Construction Cost Estimator Models to Study Data
<td>Sand Filters</td>

1 KB (203 words) - 20:34, 3 August 2022
BMP pollutant removal for hydrocarbons
bExcludes vertical sand filters and filter strips 

1 KB (208 words) - 19:49, 1 August 2022
Design criteria for iron enhanced sand filter
*water quality sizing for filtration applicable to iron-enhanced sand filters; ...et al., 2012]], and presentation by John Gulliver, September 2012) of iron-sand mixture. The iron weight range is based upon high surface area iron filing

12 KB (1,856 words) - 19:00, 28 December 2022
BMP pollutant removal for metals
bExcludes vertical sand filters and filter strips 

1 KB (213 words) - 19:49, 1 August 2022
Comparison of Annual Maintenance Cost Estimator Models to Study Data
<td>Sand Filters</td>

1 KB (208 words) - 20:34, 3 August 2022
BMP pollutant removal for total suspended solids
bExcludes vertical sand filters and filter strips 

1 KB (212 words) - 19:49, 1 August 2022
Summary of Annual BMP Maintenance Costs from Estimator Models
<td>Sand Filters</td>

1 KB (202 words) - 20:45, 3 August 2022
BMP pollutant removal for bacteria
cExcludes vertical sand filters and filter strips 

1 KB (217 words) - 19:48, 1 August 2022
Potential biochar stormwater applications
<td>[[Filtration|Sand filters]]</td>

2 KB (252 words) - 16:44, 2 August 2022
Summary of BMP Construction Costs from Estimator Models
<td>Sand Filters</td>

1 KB (206 words) - 20:46, 3 August 2022
Fact sheet for filtration
*Some installations ([[Glossary#M|media filters]]) have higher construction costs *Potential for nitrification in [[Glossary#M|media filters]] where [[Glossary#A|anaerobic]] conditions exist

4 KB (655 words) - 22:39, 3 December 2022
Operation and maintenance of swales
The most frequently cited maintenance concern for filters is surface and [[Glossary@U|under-drain]] clogging caused by organic matter {{:Recommended maintenance activities for media filters}}

4 KB (609 words) - 18:56, 22 November 2022
Acknowledgements for iron enhanced sand filters
...thank everyone who contributed data and information on iron enhanced sand filters (IESFs) or participated in meetings to discuss and share information on IES

975 bytes (146 words) - 19:02, 15 July 2022
Common pre-storage practices used in stormwater harvesting and use systems
...le pavement], [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Filtration sand filters], and [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Trees tree trenches/boxe <td>'''Manufactured screens and filters''' 

6 KB (924 words) - 19:45, 3 August 2022
Overview for filtration
...|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand filter basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size ...provide comparable water quality capabilities as bioretention. Vegetative filters are generally more suitable as <span title="Pretreatment reduces maintenanc

17 KB (2,515 words) - 20:06, 22 November 2022
Future updates
==Iron Enhanced sand filters== ...innesota_Filter) Iron enhanced sand filters] (IESFs) incorporate iron into sand filter design for the purpose of removing dissolved phosphorus. Because dis

7 KB (998 words) - 19:02, 3 December 2022
Calculating credits for iron enhanced sand filter
...en for metals and hydrocarbons are the same as those for non-enhanced sand filters. Though iron enhanced systems may have increased removal efficiencies for t ...gn: center;" |1Assumes Tier 2 iron enhanced sand filter. If the sand filter is Tier 1, then DP removal is 40% and TP removal is 65%

24 KB (3,625 words) - 01:28, 23 December 2022
Post-construction stormwater Best Management Practices
##[[Sand filters]] ##[[Iron enhanced sand filter (Minnesota Filter)]]

3 KB (466 words) - 20:27, 2 February 2023
Summary of treatment practices used in stormwater harvest and use systems
<td>Vortex Filters</td> <td>In-line filters</td>

5 KB (718 words) - 20:16, 3 August 2022
Construction stormwater best management practice – Dewatering and Basin Draining
...face waters. Energy dissipation BMPs, such as riprap, plastic sheeting, or sand bags, must be installed at the discharge points of the dewatering system fo For filters with backwash systems, use these methods to manage backwash:

9 KB (1,414 words) - 18:21, 23 November 2022
Assessing the performance of swales
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 *[[Assessing the performance of sand (media) filters]]

6 KB (763 words) - 15:26, 27 December 2022
MS4 Digital Document Library
...ilter,_media_filter_photos Sand filters, iron enhanced sand filters, media filters]

12 KB (1,604 words) - 13:06, 24 January 2023
Construction stormwater best management practice – Stormwater Inlet Protection
...x|alt=photo of inlet protection|Inlet protection BMPs such as sand or gravel bags are used to filter stormwater runoff before entering a catch ...x|alt=photo of inlet protection|Inlet protection BMPs such as sand or gravel bags can be used to protect a drop inlet by filtering stormwater

7 KB (1,094 words) - 21:55, 27 December 2022
MPCA review of submittals using the MPCA Simple Estimator
...ex.php?title=Iron_enhanced_sand_filter_(Minnesota_Filter) '''iron-enhanced sand filter''']), resulting in a change from the default pollutant remova ...f"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration sand filters]''', and <span title="a stormwater retention basin that includes a c

13 KB (2,047 words) - 15:26, 8 December 2022
Assessing the performance of iron enhanced sand filter
...schematic of an iron enhanced sand filter basin|Iron-enhanced sand filter basin schematic. Click on image to enlarge.]] ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

16 KB (2,245 words) - 15:31, 27 December 2022
Filtration devices
...lutants are captured physically or through sorption onto the filter media. Filters may either be inserts that are retrofitted into existing catch basins or ma *Relevant for use on industrial sites because filters can remove pollutants such as metals and oils

6 KB (956 words) - 23:45, 6 December 2022
Calculating credits for sand (media) filters
...ter;" |'''Recommended pollutant removal efficiencies, in percent, for sand filters. [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_remo ...ilters is covered on another page: [[Calculating credits for iron enhanced sand filter]]|alert-info}}

51 KB (7,398 words) - 14:29, 2 February 2023
Design criteria for swales
*Some installations ([[Glossary#M|media filters]]) have higher construction costs *Potential for nitrification in [[Glossary#M|media filters]] where [[Glossary#A|anaerobic]] conditions exist

27 KB (4,233 words) - 22:45, 17 November 2022
Definitions for pretreatment
*Grit - Coarse sediments such as smaller, loose particles of sand and stone or other heavy solid materials that have specific gravities or se ...ms; vegetated buffer, vegetated buffer strip, grassed filter strips, grass filters).

6 KB (837 words) - 23:43, 5 December 2022
Calculating credits for sand filter
...ter;" |'''Recommended pollutant removal efficiencies, in percent, for sand filters. [http://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/Information_on_pollutant_remo This page provides a discussion of how [[Filtration|sand filter]] practices can achieve stormwater credits.

51 KB (7,365 words) - 20:08, 22 November 2022
Pretreatment sizing for basins and filters strips
...velocity according to Equation 8 of various equivalent spherical diameter sand and silt particles at 20°C.''' ! Silt and sand Diameter (um) !! vs (m/s) !! Header text (ft/s)

9 KB (1,388 words) - 23:49, 5 December 2022
BMPs for stormwater filtration
*[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration sand filter]; and ==Media (sand) filter==

33 KB (4,581 words) - 15:04, 11 January 2023
Case study for using P8 to meet TMDL permit requirements
....php?title=Iron_enhanced_sand_filter_(Minnesota_Filter) iron-enhanced sand filters] | Build new iron-enhanced sand filter basin at LR_87 || 3 || 68,700 || 550 || 1,051

24 KB (3,840 words) - 15:58, 12 January 2023
Stormwater management for lake protection and restoration
...swales). Media and media/vegetative filters operate similarly. Vegetative filters are generally more suitable as [[Glossary#P|pre-treatment]] practices, but ...alt=photo of an iron enhanced sand filter basin|Iron enhanced sand filter basin, Maplewood, MN. Photo courtesy of Barr Engineering.</font size

17 KB (2,478 words) - 21:20, 20 February 2023
Infiltration media and material specifications
*Properly designed vegetated filters are required from the overflow of all infiltration systems <td>Tree box filters should be designed with an emergency overflow pipe</td>

14 KB (2,189 words) - 20:46, 4 August 2022
Pretreatment - Filtration devices and practices
...ices that remove particles by filtration or sieving through media (gravel, sand or other), vegetation, geotextile or fabric material, metal or plastic scre [[Pretreatment sizing for basins and filters strips]]

5 KB (621 words) - 23:38, 5 December 2022
Table of Contents test page
...structed wetlands, filtration practices such as sand filters and vegetated filters, chemical treatments, impervious surface disconnection, rainwater and storm ...ices that remove particles by filtration or sieving through media (gravel, sand or other), vegetation, geotextile or fabric material, metal or plastic scre

89 KB (12,875 words) - 13:29, 9 February 2023
Old Minnesota Stormwater Manual Main page
...es. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, native vegetation and a sand seepage filter bed, flow velocities are reduced, treated, and, where applic ...orus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition

24 KB (3,277 words) - 15:20, 19 July 2023
Old Minnesota Stormwater Manual Table of Contents
...es. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, native vegetation and a sand seepage filter bed, flow velocities are reduced, treated, and, where applic ...orus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition

24 KB (3,277 words) - 15:12, 19 July 2023
Stormwater Manual Table of Contents
...structed wetlands, filtration practices such as sand filters and vegetated filters, chemical treatments, impervious surface disconnection, rainwater and storm ...ices that remove particles by filtration or sieving through media (gravel, sand or other), vegetation, geotextile or fabric material, metal or plastic scre

89 KB (12,945 words) - 15:54, 29 August 2023
Design criteria for filtration
...2 acres is ideal). [[Types of filtration#Surface sand filter|Surface sand filters]] can sometimes be sized for drainage areas up to 10 acres, but only with r ...for media filters with [[Glossary#U|underdrains]]. [[Glossary#V|Vegetated filters]] should be sized assuming no losses to infiltration.

42 KB (6,383 words) - 18:54, 29 December 2022
Capitol Region Watershed District Headquarters
...er capture system includes a pretreatment system consisting of a series of filters to remove big and fine particles ...g lots or sidewalks on the property. The rainwater capture system’s carbon filters, filter bags, and UV bulbs are replaced annually. 

12 KB (1,707 words) - 15:15, 11 January 2023
Soils with low infiltration capacity
...r_incorporation_in_soil_as_an_amendment amending the soil with compost] or sand, or incorporating an [[Glossary#U|underdrain]] into the practice. ...lt=schematic of a modified sand filter design|Modified media (sand) filter design]]

13 KB (1,941 words) - 13:24, 15 February 2023
Sediment control practices - Diversion barrier controls (cofferdams/temporary dikes)
...cted without earth fill. Acceptable cofferdam materials include sand bags, sand totes, Jersey wall sections, collapsible fabric membrane dams, Aqua-Barrier **large sand totes,

17 KB (2,410 words) - 14:33, 14 February 2023
Soil amendments to enhance phosphorus sorption
===Limestone or calcareous sand=== Combinations of C 33 sand with limestone or calcareous sand were tested in laboratory columns by

25 KB (3,641 words) - 22:43, 28 January 2023
Information on pollutant removal by BMPs
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 *[[Calculating credits for iron enhanced sand filter]]

36 KB (5,227 words) - 00:44, 23 January 2023
Calculator
...eria for BMPs that do not achieve volume reductions (ponds, wetlands, sand filters). The pollutant removal credit in the calculator assumes these BMPs are pr

5 KB (824 words) - 14:16, 2 April 2024
Scenario for developing a stormwater treatment train for constructed ponds in new development
Infiltrators, filters, swales and strips, and constructed basins are determined to best address t ...tate.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_filtration_Best_Management_Practices Filters] || X || Allows for reduction of stormwater volume and pollutant loads and

44 KB (6,330 words) - 13:35, 12 February 2023
Case study for using WINSLAMM to meet TMDL permit requirements
....php?title=Iron_enhanced_sand_filter_(Minnesota_Filter) iron-enhanced sand filters]

15 KB (2,316 words) - 22:03, 22 November 2022
Construction stormwater treatment - dewatering, including chemical treatment and sediment filtration
Sediment filtration practices (e.g. dewatering bag filters, silt fence enclosures, [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title *Treat flows with large (e.g., sand) particles via silt fence filtration.

39 KB (5,599 words) - 14:09, 17 January 2023
May 2021 engineered media webinar
...developing new stormwater treatment technologies such as the Iron-Enhanced Sand Filter which removes dissolved and particulate phosphorus from urban and ag ...He has been investigating the use of biochar with iron/sand media to form filters that can remove bacteria and dissolved phosphorus. He is currently interest

7 KB (1,046 words) - 14:30, 6 December 2022
Summary of model information
...tration basins, infiltration trenches, porous pavement, rain barrels, sand filters, filter strips </td> ...n, permeable pavement, infiltration trench/tree box, dry swale, wet swale, sand filter, wetland, stormwater pond, user defined</td>

18 KB (3,187 words) - 16:41, 27 December 2022
Summary of data received from permittees on MS4 TMDL permit reporting forms
...swales, green roofs, iron enhanced filters, stormwater reuse systems, sand filters, tree trenches, etc. Nonstructural BMPs include supplemental street sweepin ...ent, and tree trenches, accounted for 30.5 percent of all structural BMPs. Filters, which primarily are BMPs with underdrains, accounted for 10.6 percent. Swa

19 KB (2,793 words) - 18:14, 30 January 2023
Fact sheet for tree trenches and tree boxes
...pecifications - filter media|bioretention soil media]] may be used in tree filters. If a non-standard soil mix is utilized, a maximum of 15 percent silt and ...ion guidelines for tree trenches and tree boxes#Sand based structural soil|sand based structural soil]]; and

8 KB (1,178 words) - 16:27, 12 January 2023
Summary of changes in Version 4 Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS) Calculator
..._Calculator#Sand_filter_design_levels_and_credits_for_dissolved_phosphorus Sand filter design levels and updated phosphorus removal] ...runoff"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration sand filter3]''' in Version 3:

28 KB (4,322 words) - 14:19, 2 April 2024
MS4 fact sheet - Hazardous Material Storage & Handling
...orable weather conditions whenever possible (e.g. avoid receiving loads of sand during windy weather) *Dispose of greasy rags, oil filters, air filters, batteries, spent coolant, and degreasers following [https://www.pca.state.

9 KB (1,307 words) - 16:26, 29 June 2023
Minnesota Stormwater Manual test page 5
...management practices, including bioretention, tree trenches, swales, media filters, infiltration practices, permeable pavement, green roof, harvest/reuse, and ...-_Best_management_practices/Structural_practices/Iron_enhanced_sand_filter Sand filter]

48 KB (6,516 words) - 21:10, 10 April 2023
Guidance for calculator to estimate chloride loading to groundwater from infiltration
...ndition of the pervious area (e.g. compacted) or the underlying soil (e.g. sand, clay, etc.). The value may range from 0 (no pervious surface) to 100 (the Although filtration practices such as bioretention, sand filters, filter strips, and swales are not designed to infiltrate water, there is a

29 KB (4,501 words) - 15:20, 17 January 2023
Above ground and below grade storage and settling - system design information
<td>Exit velocity to surface media filters should be non-erosive [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=D <td>Off-line system. May not be used in place of oil/grit separator or sand filter in areas with potential to generate high concentrations of oil and g

12 KB (1,824 words) - 13:27, 23 January 2024
Operation and maintenance (O&M) of stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse practices - supplemental information
Residual de-icing chemicals, sand, and salt should be cleaned from paved surfaces prior to spring startup of ...ncluded in the system. Examples include cartridge filters, reverse osmosis filters, UV disinfection light bulbs, ozone disinfection, and chlorine disinfection

19 KB (2,688 words) - 17:15, 28 January 2023
BMP terminology
...index.php/Design_criteria_for_iron_enhanced_sand_filter iron enhanced sand filters])

10 KB (1,624 words) - 15:09, 6 January 2023
Phosphorus in stormwater
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...include [[Bioretention|bioretention with underdrains]], [[Filtration|media filters]], and [[Filtration|swales]]. [[Vegetated filter strips]] are often used a

44 KB (6,189 words) - 13:56, 11 February 2023
Construction stormwater best management practice – perimeter control fact sheet
*Sand bags ...erimeter controls can be relocated as needed, such as biorolls, rock logs, sand bags, and triangular silt dikes. Keeping a vegetated buffer between disturb

16 KB (2,528 words) - 21:47, 27 December 2022
Operation and maintenance for stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse
*Location and type of all components that require periodic replacement (e.g. filters) **Location and type of filters

25 KB (3,513 words) - 17:22, 28 January 2023
Fact sheet on stormwater guidance for solar farm projects
...nagement such as wet sedimentation basins or filtration systems (e.g. sand filters) must be constructed. This will be explained in greater detail in the Volum

9 KB (1,379 words) - 15:10, 8 December 2022
Scenario for developing a stormwater treatment train for a site with limited infiltration capacity
...e practices selected for the site are public education, swales and strips, filters, constructed basins, and manufactured devices. The process of selecting and ...php?title=Stormwater_filtration_Best_Management_Practices Filters] || X || Filters allow for reduction of stormwater volume and pollutant loads with easy dive

38 KB (5,550 words) - 13:29, 12 February 2023
Sediment control practices - Storm drain inlet protection
...re open to traffic. Examples of these include low-profile filter berms and filters suspended in the inlet structure. Because inlet protection devices are high *inlet frame filters,

19 KB (2,788 words) - 12:56, 15 February 2023
Guidance for managing sediment and wastes collected by pretreatment practices
...e depends on the source of stormwater runoff. Primary constituents include sand, salt, leaves, and other litter and debris washed off streets, parking lots ***Coarse sand may be screened and stockpiled for future use.

18 KB (2,457 words) - 15:00, 17 January 2023
What's New
**[[Assessing the performance of iron enhanced sand filter]] **[[Sand filter]]

60 KB (8,737 words) - 18:14, 19 July 2023
Adjusting dissolved and particulate phosphorus ratios in the MIDS Calculator
...practices (e.g. practices with an underdrain, filter strips, swales, sand filters). Infiltration practices are considered to remove 100% of pollutants captur

10 KB (1,699 words) - 15:59, 15 March 2023
Procedures for investigating sites with potential constraints on stormwater infiltration
*Infiltration trenches, bioretention, and filters - a minimum of 2 per practice. *Infiltration trenches, bioretention, and filters - a minimum of 2 per practice.

20 KB (3,060 words) - 17:04, 27 December 2022
Using the Minnesota Stormwater Manual and MIDS Calculator to help meet industrial stormwater permit requirements
*filtering BMPs, such as sand filters, swales, bioretention (rain garden) with an underdrain; and

9 KB (1,366 words) - 15:57, 5 December 2022
Scenario for developing a stormwater treatment train for a parking lot
...tate.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_filtration_Best_Management_Practices Filters] || X || Allow for reduction of stormwater volume and pollutant loads and e Infiltrators, filters, and swales and strips are determined to be the practices to best address t

36 KB (5,210 words) - 22:51, 12 December 2022
MS4 fact sheet - Retrofitting: Infiltration, Filtration & Bioretention
**[[Filtration|Underground sand filters]] **[[Filtration|Structural sand filter]]

13 KB (1,800 words) - 22:56, 23 January 2023
Updates to the MIDS calculator
*An iron-enhanced option was added for sand filters. The user is asked if they have incorporated an amendment to attenuate phos

10 KB (1,672 words) - 14:08, 5 October 2023
Calculating credits for stormwater ponds
===Iron-enhanced sand filtration bench in wet ponds=== ...b|300px|alt=photo of an iron ehanced sand bench|Iron enhanced sand bench, Prior Lake, MN. Photo courtesy of Ross Bintner.]]

59 KB (8,449 words) - 18:13, 1 August 2022
Case studies for pretreatment
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...r strip design filters stormwater runoff which minimizes erosion risks and filters out sediment prior to entering the <span title="Also called bioretention, r

65 KB (9,159 words) - 20:14, 28 December 2022
Technical basis for pretreatment sizing for basins and filter strips
...er of magnitude difference between the smallest clay particles and largest sand sizes particles entering the practice is noted with a greater order of magn #Settle the larger particles (typically sand, which is greater than 80 μm) into an easily cleaned location to capture r

44 KB (6,960 words) - 19:47, 20 February 2023
Minnesota Stormwater Manual email Updates
*[[Assessing the performance of iron enhanced sand filter]] ...pec to develop information on [[Assessing the performance of iron enhanced sand filter]].

73 KB (10,517 words) - 17:44, 19 July 2023
Case study for using the MIDS calculator to meet TMDL permit requirements
....php?title=Iron_enhanced_sand_filter_(Minnesota_Filter) iron-enhanced sand filters]

26 KB (3,924 words) - 16:08, 12 January 2023
Vegetated filter strip detailed maintenance activity description
...ned for infiltration should be protected from excessive snow storage where sand and salt is applied. *Practices should always be inspected for sand build-up on the surface following the spring melt event.

13 KB (1,826 words) - 02:49, 10 February 2023
Quick guide
:1.5. [[Types of filtration|Media Filters]] ::1.5.1. [[Types of filtration|Surface Sand Filter]]

63 KB (7,400 words) - 13:08, 26 January 2023
Calculating credits for infiltration basin
...tion, sand filter, green roof), constructed ponds and wetlands, and swales/filters. The MPCA Estimator includes standard removal efficiencies for these BMPs, ...ion, bioswales, detention basins, green roofs, manufactured devices, media filters, porous pavements, wetland basins, and wetland channels.

37 KB (5,249 words) - 16:07, 18 July 2022
Municipal operation inspections
..., [[Bioretention - bioinfiltration|raingardens]], filtration devices, sand filters, [[Hydrodynamic devices|hydrodynamic devices]], etc. [Part III.D.6.e.(1)] |

11 KB (1,483 words) - 16:17, 31 January 2023
Calculating credits for green roofs
...her BMPs in removing phosphorus and nitrogen. Green roofs act as vegetated filters and provide temporary storage of rainwater or snowmelt. Water kept in stora ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

19 KB (2,893 words) - 14:22, 26 July 2022
Main Page
...es. Using a series of pools, riffle grade control, native vegetation and a sand seepage filter bed, flow velocities are reduced, treated, and, where applic ...orus levels needed to improve nutrient impaired waters. Iron-enhanced sand filters could potentially include a wide range of filtration BMPs with the addition

56 KB (8,201 words) - 14:14, 2 April 2024
Operation and maintenance of filter strips - supplemental information
...iltration'''] should be protected from excessive snow storage where sand and salt is applied. ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

19 KB (2,654 words) - 22:38, 31 January 2023
Design criteria for permeable pavement
...d be used carefully where frequent winter sanding is necessary because the sand may clog the surface of the material. Periodic maintenance is critical, and ...se at the down slope end of a permeable pavement. The disadvantage of sand filters is that they will eventually require removal and restoration if continued p

44 KB (6,544 words) - 17:30, 29 December 2022
Calculating credits for infiltration
...tion, sand filter, green roof), constructed ponds and wetlands, and swales/filters. The MPCA Estimator includes standard removal efficiencies for these BMPs, ...ion, bioswales, detention basins, green roofs, manufactured devices, media filters, porous pavements, wetland basins, and wetland channels

42 KB (5,899 words) - 14:22, 26 July 2022
Using the treatment train approach to BMP selection
...title="Street sweeping is a practice to remove debris, such as leaves and sand, from streets. There are three general categories of street sweepers: mecha *[[Processes utilized by Best Management Practices - Filters]]

38 KB (5,394 words) - 22:06, 16 February 2023
Guidance and examples for using the MPCA Estimator
...runoff"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration sand filter]''', '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration sand filter]'''

98 KB (15,156 words) - 16:40, 5 January 2023
Adapting stormwater criteria for receiving waters
...may show promise in boosting removal, but early monitoring of experimental filters have yet to demonstrate this result conclusively ([[References for Unified ::Four kinds of BMPS are not recommended in sensitive lakes: media filters, wet vegetated swales, micropool extended detention ponds, and extended det

45 KB (6,677 words) - 13:36, 6 January 2023
Spent lime, calcium water treatment residuals and application in stormwater
...0.2-0.4 mg/L). Furthermore, '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration sand filters]''', and <span title="are configured as shallow, linear channels. Th

62 KB (8,932 words) - 21:08, 21 February 2023
Calculating credits for stormwater and rainwater harvest and use/reuse
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...tion, sand filter, green roof), constructed ponds and wetlands, and swales/filters. The MPCA Estimator includes standard removal efficiencies for these BMPs,

45 KB (6,471 words) - 21:16, 28 July 2022
Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS) workgroup
*September 6, 2012: Iron Enhanced Sand Filter Presentation by Dr. John Gulliver ...mn.us/index.php?title=File:P-gen3-15a.pdf MIDS Credits: Iron-Enhanced Sand Filters]

19 KB (2,853 words) - 14:14, 28 December 2022
Pretreatment system design information - all devices
...s and as a retrofit to existing networks. Extended Oil Storage and Oil and Sand Removal Systems available for hot spot areas. Can be inlet or in-line, sing <td>Exit velocity to surface media filters should be non-erosive [https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=D

27 KB (4,188 words) - 22:11, 22 January 2024
MS4 fact sheet - Volume Control Using Compost Materials / Soil Amendments
..., absorbs and infiltrates rainwater, reduces flooding and soil erosion and filters out pollutants typically associated with stormwater runoff. Compost also st ...he topsoil mix should contain 30 to 40 percent compost by volume and clean sand or sandy soil to promote adequate drainage. The soil depth should be 8 inch

11 KB (1,671 words) - 18:36, 22 November 2022
Overview and methods of pretreatment
...lids that are quickly settled or screened, including gross solids and most sand particles (roughly 100 microns (μm) and larger), although some pretreatmen ...urtesy of Riverside Construction. C - vegetated filter strip adjacent to a sand filter. Photo courtesy of Alisha Goldstein, U.S. EPA.]]

22 KB (3,030 words) - 22:32, 28 January 2023
Stormwater research
...://doi.org/10.1002/etc.4227 "Effects of Urban Stormwater and Iron‐Enhanced Sand Filtration on ''D. magna'' and ''Pimephales promelas''"] was accepted for p ...stormwater control measures or SCMs). These projects include iron-enhanced sand filtration (IESF), biofiltration, underground infiltration, and surface inf

21 KB (3,122 words) - 21:56, 22 April 2024
Scenario for developing a stormwater treatment train for a retrofit site
...ral BMP practices selected for this site. Swales and strips, infiltrators, filters, and reuse are determined to be the best structural practices to address th ...tate.mn.us/index.php?title=Stormwater_filtration_Best_Management_Practices Filters] || X || Filter BMPs should have underdrains to control any runoff that can

31 KB (4,411 words) - 13:21, 12 February 2023
Calculating credits for permeable pavement
...tion, sand filter, green roof), constructed ponds and wetlands, and swales/filters. The MPCA Estimator includes standard removal efficiencies for these BMPs, ...ion, bioswales, detention basins, green roofs, manufactured devices, media filters, porous pavements, wetland basins, and wetland channels

58 KB (8,708 words) - 02:30, 15 December 2022
Water quality benefits of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
..."> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration media filters]''') or bmps that trap sediments from flowing water () employs <span title="Engineered media is a mixture of sand, fines (silt, clay), and organic matter utilized in stormwater practices, m

35 KB (5,020 words) - 17:35, 5 December 2022
Overview of Minimal Impact Design Standards (MIDS)
...ble pavement, infiltration trench/tree box, swales, filter strips and sand filters. Other practices will be added in the future. The calculator includes conve

12 KB (1,710 words) - 14:44, 6 February 2023
Examples for completing the TMDL reporting form
*The two filters (FIL4 and FIL5) were combined into a single BMP that treated 20 acres of im *For sand filters and the constructed pond, removal was 70 percent

32 KB (5,079 words) - 15:54, 5 January 2023
Requirements, recommendations and information for using stormwater pond as a BMP in the MIDS calculator
...d_sand_filter_(Minnesota_Filter) see the discussion for iron enhanced sand filters].

17 KB (2,658 words) - 19:09, 23 November 2022
Overview for pretreatment settling devices
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

33 KB (4,708 words) - 18:38, 13 December 2022
Calculating credits for dry swale (grass swale)
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...tion, sand filter, green roof), constructed ponds and wetlands, and swales/filters. The MPCA Estimator includes standard removal efficiencies for these BMPs,

65 KB (9,893 words) - 13:52, 29 December 2022
Management of soil and engineered media removed from bioretention basins and similar stormwater treatment devices
...e for management of soil and <span title="Engineered media is a mixture of sand, fines (silt, clay), organic matter, and occasionally other amendments (e.g ...application_in_stormwater Iron filings] – granular iron that is mixed with sand for a high permeability filter media. The iron oxidizes (i.e. rusts) when e

47 KB (7,005 words) - 23:00, 5 January 2023
Climate benefits of Green Stormwater Infrastructure
...t, tree trenches, bio-retention, swales with check dams, green roofs, sand filters, re-use, constructed ponds) can be designed, constructed and maintained to

19 KB (2,800 words) - 17:35, 5 December 2022
Overview for high-gradient stormwater step-pool swale
...o not meet this definition."> '''native species''' vegetation and a sand seepage filter bed, flow velocities are reduced, treated, and, where applic ...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5

25 KB (3,698 words) - 02:39, 15 December 2022
BMP practices construction costs maintenance costs and land requirements
...els described. These tables add two BMPs not found in Tables 1 and 2; sand filters and dry ponds. They also do not differentiate between large and small wet d ...cted wetlands, large wet detention basins, infiltration trenches, and sand filters, these three sources are relatively consistent. This study shows a signific

36 KB (5,524 words) - 14:44, 8 December 2022
Calculating credits for bioretention
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...tion, sand filter, green roof), constructed ponds and wetlands, and swales/filters. The MPCA Estimator includes standard removal efficiencies for these BMPs,

70 KB (10,269 words) - 20:36, 17 November 2022
Calculating credits for wet swale (wetland channel)
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...ion, bioswales, detention basins, green roofs, manufactured devices, media filters, porous pavements, wetland basins, and wetland channels

36 KB (5,160 words) - 22:22, 23 November 2022
Surface water and groundwater quality impacts from stormwater infiltration
...k et al. 2006) and E. coli have been shown to pass through stormwater sand filters (Clark and Pitt 2007). [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11270-0

22 KB (3,102 words) - 19:21, 20 February 2023
Calculating credits for tree trenches and tree boxes
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...tion, sand filter, green roof), constructed ponds and wetlands, and swales/filters. The MPCA Estimator includes standard removal efficiencies for these BMPs,

75 KB (11,201 words) - 18:43, 13 December 2022
Process for selecting Best Management Practices
...is less likely when practices such as swales, bioretention, and vegetated filters are used. ...constructed wetlands, infiltration trenches, bioinfiltration filters, sand filters, and 1,000-foot long vegetated swales in the Mn/DOT report. This simple tec

40 KB (6,039 words) - 14:08, 11 February 2023
Design criteria for infiltration
:*Properly designed vegetated filters are required from the overflow of all infiltration systems ...place of turf, use basin liner of 6 to 12 inches of fill material (coarse sand)

62 KB (9,180 words) - 18:45, 29 December 2022
Response to comments
...mplete ecosystem when we are forced to switch to a plantless iron-enhanced sand basin to guarantee phosphorus reduction from the start. Please continue to ...that at 150 pcf). Glacial till around here weighs something like +35%, and sand is about +57%... quartzite is right, though spelled wrong. I would point ou

139 KB (19,236 words) - 15:31, 19 July 2023
Glossary
<dd>The sand, gravel or rocks which are transported along the stream bottom by traction, <dt>Filter bed </dt> <dd> A sand or gravel bottomed treatment used to filter stormwater.</dd>

53 KB (8,487 words) - 18:47, 10 July 2023
Sediment control practices - Perimeter controls for disturbed areas
*other (sand bags, rock logs, etc.). ...ls such as compost berms, logs and rolls, fiber rolls, rock bags, and rock filters can be installed over snow cover to provide new sediment control. All BMPs

31 KB (4,701 words) - 12:14, 15 February 2023
2013 Construction stormwater permit
...on basins, infiltration trenches, rainwater gardens, sand filters, organic filters, bioretention areas, natural or enhanced swales, dry storage ponds with und ...onents (e.g., clean aggregate stockpiles, demolition concrete stockpiles, sand stockpiles) and the constructed base components of roads, parking lots and

109 KB (17,051 words) - 19:48, 1 December 2022
Biochar and applications of biochar in stormwater management
...at urban stormwater runoff as it flows through a filtering medium, such as sand or an organic material. They are generally used on small drainage areas (5 ...f"> '''[https://stormwater.pca.state.mn.us/index.php?title=Filtration sand filters]''';

71 KB (9,827 words) - 15:45, 29 August 2023
Events
...r best management practices, including soil amendments, iron enhanced sand filters, tree pits and trenches, stormwater harvesting, Hydro-excavation of buried

42 KB (5,832 words) - 18:59, 3 December 2022
Stormwater re-use and rainwater harvesting
...)). Maintenance of these systems can include backwashing or replacement of filters (depending on the system design), periodic flushing of pipes to remove sedi ...ll as regular interval maintenance of the treatment system (replacement of filters, UV lights, etc.) (EPA, 2008). In Australia, officials have a major concern

87 KB (12,743 words) - 18:45, 2 February 2023
Minnesota GreenStep Cities Stormwater Assessment guidance and supporting information
:*Environmental benefits: filters pollutants found in stormwater and then water is able to infiltrate into th ...fter the leaves have fallen and once in the spring to collect any salt and sand from routine winter maintenance.

83 KB (11,574 words) - 16:07, 23 February 2023

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